Plant Responses to Environment Launchpad

How can the steps in the table be ordered to describe a plant's response to an invading pathogen? 1, 2, 5, 4, 3 2, 5, 4, 1, 3 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 4, 3, 1, 2, 5

2, 5, 4, 1, 3 enzymes from pathogen attack plant cell wall --> plant cell wall breakdown products bind to plant membrane receptors -->signaling molecules trigger gene expression for defense proteins --> PR proteins and photoalexins are expressed --> defensive proteins exit cell wall and attack the pathogen

If a molecular biologist were interested in engineering soybeans to be more water efficient, they would transform the plants with the enzymes for abscisic acid synthesis. proline synthesis. C3 photosynthesis C4 photosynthesis. the stomatal compromise.

C4 photosynthesis.

In which environment would you expect to find an annual plant with a brief growing period and seeds capable of long dormant periods? Desert Environment contaminated with heavy metals Grazed field Salt marsh Freshwater marsh

Desert

Plants of different species showed different responses to the same pathogen as summarized in this table. Which hypothesis best explains all the observations? Species B is able to defend against the pathogen with a hypersensitive response, whereas species A does not mount this defense. Species B successfully blocks entry of the pathogen into its tissues, whereas species A does not block its entry. Species B expresses phytoalexins to enhance pathogen response much later in the course of the infection than species A. Species B releases salicylic acid in a systemic response to the pathogen much earlier than species A.

Species B is able to defend against the pathogen with a hypersensitive response, whereas species A does not mount this defense.

The first hormone produced by a plant as part of an induced response to drought stress is heat shock protein. abscisic acid. canavanine. ethylene. jasmonate.

abscisic acid.

All the following are characteristics of the xerophytes except leaf hairs (trichomes) to diffract light. stomata in crypts. thick cuticles. succulence. abundant leaves.

abundant leaves.

A desert plant shedding its leaves during the dry season is engaged in drought hardening. solute accumulation. succulence. hyperaccumulation. drought avoidance.

drought avoidance.

The opening of stomata provides this benefit to a plant: _______. However, this benefit comes at the cost of _______. greater drought resistance; reduced heat resistance reduced access to CO2; increased susceptibility to disease reduced access to CO2; loss of water greater access to CO2; reduced production of ABA greater access to CO2; loss of water

greater access to CO2; loss of water

Leaves adapted to a dry environment are least likely to exhibit dense epidermal hairs. large surface area. stomata in sunken cavities. reduction in size to become spines. fleshy leaves.

large surface area.

Stomatal compromise seeks to balance a plant's need to enable _______ of water and _______ of CO2. transpiration; retention uptake; photosynthesis retention; photosynthesis retention; uptake uptake; retention

retention; uptake