PLSC 101 Final Exam MC S22

the necessary and proper clause of the constitution gives congress the authority to make whatever laws are necessary and proper to carry out enumerated powers A) True B) False

A) True

What is the principle that each branch of government of the federal government has the power to thwart or influence actions by other branches of government A) Checks and balances B) civil liberties C) federalism D) direct democracy E) two party electoral system

A) checks and balances

_____ discrimination refers to explicit discrimination written into laws A) de jure B) de facto C) applied D) amicus E) article II

A) de jure

government sanctioning of an official religion is prohibited by what clause of the U.S constitution? A) establishment B) full faith and credit C) free exercise D) equal protection E) due process

A) establishment

An executive order is a presidential command that __________. A) has the force of law B) must be approved by Congress before it takes effect C) must be approved by the federal courts before it takes effect D) involves foreign governments E) imposes the death penalty

A) has the force of law

The definition of divided government is when A) one party controls the presidency while the other party controls at least one house of congress B) the vice president must cast the deciding vote as president of the Senate. C) the presidency and the Supreme Court are controlled by different parties. D) the three branches of government are unable to work together to solve problems. E) the president and Congress are unable to agree on a joint political agenda.

A) one party controls the presidency while the other party controls at least one house of congress

the practice of elected officials rewarding supports with jobs or favors is known as A) patronage B) pandering C) pay-for-play (sus) D) lobbying E) nepotism

A) patronage

"Stare decisis" is the latin term that refers to the practice of relying on A) precedents B) star chamber rulings C) stated decisions D) adversarial decisions E) ex post facto rulings

A) precedents

the full faith and credit clause A) requires states to honor each other's official acts B) requires states to follow national laws when they are in conflict with state laws C) prevents states from providing services to their citizens that they do not provide to residents of other states D) regulates trade between states E) none of the above

A) requires states to honor each other's official acts

Jim Crow laws A) restricted the rights of African Americans even after the passage of the 14th and 15th amendments B) were the first steps toward African Americans receiving equality after the Civil War. C) outlawed public lynching. D) prohibited poll taxes. E) gave African Americans access to the voting booth for the first time.

A) restricted the rights of African Americans even after the passage of the 14th and 15th amendments

the rule of four refers to the number of A) Supreme Court justices who must agree to grant a case certiorari in order for the case to be heard. B) times a case can be brought before the courts. C) appeals a president can make to the Senate to approve a Supreme Court appointee. D) judges on the Supreme Court needed as a quorum to hear oral arguments in a case. E) Supreme Court judges needed to constitute a majority opinion.

A) supreme court justices who must agree to grant a case certiorari in order for the case to be heard.

In his concurrence in Whitney v. California (non-textbook), Brandeis argued that the government should be allowed to prohibit speech that might eventually lead to violence. A) True B) False

B) False

A(n) _____ bill is needed for an agency to be able to legally spend money from the U.S treasury A) debit B) appropriation C) authorization D) reconciliation E) discharge

B) appropriation

Which of the following terms refers to the authority of administrators in the federal bureaucracy to make choices concerning the best way to implement policies? A) bureaucratic adjudication B) bureaucratic discretion C) division of labor D) bureaucratic appropriations E) cost-benefit analysis

B) bureaucratic discretion

______ grants allocate federal dollars to states, but provide clear guidelines regarding how the money must be spent A) Block B) categorical C) development D) national E) mandate

B) categorical

A member of congress who tries to perfectly mirror the views of their constituency is called a(n) A) authoritarian B) delegate C) trustee D) elector E) voter

B) delegate

under the three-fifths compromise... A) three-fifths of the states would have to agree to constitutional amendments B) each enslaved person would count as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation in the house C) three-fifths of the states would have to ratify the constitution for it to take effect D) a three-fifths majority of the senate would be required to adopt a treaty E) three-fifths of the members of the senate would have to vote to impeach a president

B) each enslaved person would count as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation in the house

the process of changing the number of congressional seats allotted to each state following the census is known as A) malapportionment B) reapportionment C) gerrymandering D) franking E) redistricting

B) reapportionment

_____ make(s) the protections from the Bill of Rights applicable to the states through the language of the 14th amendment A) partial integration B) selective incorporation C) nullification D) minimal articulation E) acts of congress

B) selective incorporation

The chief of staff A) coordinates the president's commander-in-chief duties. B) supervises other administration officials and organizes much of what the president does. C) coordinates the activities of the entire federal bureaucracy. D) answers reporters' questions at press conferences. E) presides over the cabinet.

B) supervises other administration officials and organizes much of what the president does

Senatorial courtesy refers to the A) practice of allowing presidential appointees to serve up to one year without Senate approval. B) tradition of granting senators considerable power over federal judicial appointments in their home states. C) common law practice of senators not asking questions of presidential appointees to the federal courts but approving them on the basis of their record. D) tradition of opposing no more than two appointments per term. E) willingness to allow presidents to make all judicial appointments from within his political party.

B) tradition of granting senators considerable power over federal judicial appointments in their home states

The right to __________ is not explicitly mentioned in any of the amendments to the U.S. Constitution. A) free exercise of religion B) trial by jury C) privacy D) free speech E) a speedy trial

C) Privacy

When different versions of the same bill pass in the House and the Senate, A) the chamber that considered the bill originally is responsible for resolving the differences. B) it dies immediately and both chambers must start over. C) a conference committee is typically formed to bridge the gap between the bills. D) the president negotiates an acceptable compromise. E) it is immediately sent back to each chamber to be reconsidered.

C) a conference committee is typically formed to bridge the gap between bills

What is a whistle blower? A) a person who switches political parties B) a company that is contracted by the government to perform a particular task C) a person who reports corruption or abuses of power D) a person who has committed treason by leaking sensitive information vital to national security E) a person who keeps track of how much time is allowed for debate on the floor in the House.

C) a person who reports corruption or abuses of power

a president's cabinet is composed of the A) president's party leadership B) chairs of the congressional standing committees C) appointees heading each major department in the executive branch D) joint chiefs of staff and state-level policy advisors E) chief justice and several congressional leaders

C) appointees heading each major department in the executive branch

According to the social contract, what is the source of the government's legitimacy? A) the divine right of kings B) government's control of all property C) consent of those who are being governed D) the catholic church E) government's authority over its subjects

C) consent of those who are being governed

The Connecticut (Great) Compromise A) focused on the amount of power granted to state governments. B) outlawed slavery in the new Western Territories. C) established a legislature with equal state representation in the Senate and representation by state population in the House. D) limited the importation of slaves for twenty years. E) created a confederate system of government.

C) established a legislature with equal state representation in the senate and representation by state population in the House

grandfather clauses associated with literacy tests were designed to A) make it easier for older citizens to vote B) make it more difficult for older citizens to vote C) exempt most white citizens from the tests D) integrate schools so that black students would have a better opportunity to learn how to read E) encourage older Americans to run for public office

C) exempt most white citizens from the tests

A government in which a minority holds power over the majority is generally referred to as... A) kleptocracy B) monarchy C) oligarchy D) sovereignty E) a parliament

C) oligarchy

In order for someone to bring legal action, a person must have authority to do so because they are directly affected by the issues at hand. In other words, they must have __________. A) executive privilege B) just cause C) standing D) senatorial approval E) an impact statement

C) standing

an open-seat election is one where... A) a representative serving in the house tries to win a seat in the senate B) a legislator tries to become chair of a standing committee C) the incumbent is not running for reelection D) a filibuster has gone on so long that many Senators leave the chamber to campaign. E) None of the above.

C) the incumbent is not running for reelection

In his article on "doom-loop partisanship," Drutman expresses concern about A) a party refusing to accept the legitimacy of election outcomes. B) legislators failing to address growing economic inequalities. C) growing distrust between parties. D) all of the above

D) all of the above

concurrent powers are powers that can... A) only be used by the national government B) only be used by governments C) only be used if the state and national governments agree on what national policy should look like D) be used by both the state and national governments E) only be exercised by someone who is serving in both the federal bureaucracy and the senate

D) be used by both the state and the senate

In Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969), the Supreme Court overturned the conviction of a Ku Klux Klan member and established a new (and current) standard specifying that the government can restrict speech that __________. A) creates a clear and present danger to private property B) is a prior restraint on the right of eminent domain C) appears in newspapers or other publicly disseminated publications D) is likely to lead to imminent lawless actions E) qualifies as hate speech and maliciously defames racial groups

D) is likely to lead to imminent lawless actions

the job of confirming presidential appointments belongs to the A) judiciary B) cabinet C) house of representatives D) senate E) congress as a whole

D) senate

In the (non-textbook) chapter you read on race, David Robinson discussed how policies maintained racial inequalities were often defended by appealing to____ A) the first amendment right to freedom of assembly B) the articles of confederation C) the establishment clause D) the idea of states' rights E) none of the above

D) the idea of states' rights

under the articles of confederation, most political power was held by A) king george B) the national legislature C) the federal courts D) the states E) the u.s army

D) the states

which of the following refers to the argument that the president is free to exercise complete control over the executive branch? A) the take care clause B) the vesting clause C) the theory executive privilege D) the theory of unitary executive E) the social contract

D) the theory of unitary executive

casework refers to legislators' efforts to... A) submitting amicus briefs for Supreme Court cases. B) amend proposed legislation. C) defend themselves when they are accused of scandalous behavior. D) advertise their efforts to pass specific pieces of legislation. E) provide direct services or assistance to their constituents

E) provide direct services or assistance to their constituents

_____ prohibits the use of evidence that was the product of an illegal search during a trial A) Double jeopardy B) Prosecutorial discretion C) The Grand Jury clause D) Prior restraint E) the exclusionary rule

E) the exclusionary rule