Political Parties, Candidates, and Campaigns: Defining the Voter's Choice

Which type of third party is highly organized around a framework concerning the nature and role of government in society?

ideologically orientated parties

A ____________ political system is made up of at least three political parties.

multiparty

Which type of third party arises from a belief that partisan politics is a corrupting influence that needs to be changed?

reform parties

Voting for a candidate's past performance rather than future promises is an example of what is called __________ voting.

retrospective

During the 1930s the Democratic Party became the party of federal power rather than the __________ party.

states' rights

Which of the following statements about televised debates in presidential campaigns are true?

they are usually part of presidential campaigns

The main opposition to the Democratic Party in the 1830s and 1840s was the ___________ Party, which eventually died out.

whig

Which are the major political parties of the United States?

-Democratic Party -Republican Party

Which two political parties were competitive during the first party system?

-Democratic Republicans -Federalists

Which two candidates for president lost in overwhelming landslide in part because they diverged too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum?

-George McGovern -Barry Goldwater

Which of the following characteristics of political campaigns have undergone change?

-amount of money required -focus of the campaign -length of the campaign

Which of the following states have closed/partially closed primaries?

-florida -north carolina -nevada

Which of the following are true about political contributions called hard money?

-hard money is money political parties give to candidates -hard money can be spent as the recipient chooses -hard money is subject to legal limits -hard money is money given directly to a candidate

To date, the Internet has proven itself to be better than television as a medium for

-mobilizing supporters -fundraising

Which of the following are part of the money chase of politics?

-pursuing wealthy patrons -raising funds

Which of the following are true of grassroots parties?

-they are open to all citizens -they operate at the local level

Which of the following are distinct disadvantages of the rise of candidate-centered campaigns?

-they provide opportunities for power interest groups to donate money to candidates -they make it easier for officeholders to deny responsibility for government actions

Which of the following are roles that national political parties have?

-to raise money for presidential campaigns -to seek media coverage of party positions and activities -to raise money for congressional campaigns

What percentage of voters today cast a split ticket?

20 percent

What percentage of party activists work within local political party organizations?

95 percent

The party realignment that began in the 1960s was completed during what presidency?

Reagan's

Which political party has been known for its advancement of civil rights and expansion of social welfare programs?

Democratic Party

Third parties that break off from one of the two dominant parties are known as

factional parties

What usually happens after a third party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a U.S. national election?

one or both major parties will try to co-opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful

A(n) __________ primary is one in which any registered voter, regardless of party affiliation, may vote.

open

Until the early 20th century, the major party's nominees for president were selected via which method?

picked by the party organization

America's plurality, or winner-take-all, system of electing candidates works to the disadvantage of

third parties

In a proportional representation system, which of the following is true?

Political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the vote each party receives.

The fact that more white women than white men vote for the Democratic Party is an example of a(n) _____________ gap.

gender

The national, state, and local organizations of the Republican and Democratic parties are

relatively independent; that is, each level does not have much control over the others.

Which party benefited from the 1896 realignment, which was triggered by an economic depression following a banking crisis under President Glover Cleveland?

Republican Party

The highlighting of candidates' attributes is called

packaging

Which of the following voting blocs was largely notable for its migration to the Republic Party during the 1980s?

Southern whites