Political science, Chpt 1-2 The challenge of democracy by Kenneth Janda

Liberals are more likely to favor generous government support for

Education, Wildlife protection, public transportation, a whole range of social programs: all of the above

The Great Compromise provided for

a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and population-based representation in the other.

When selecting the president, each state has a number of electors equal to

the number of its representatives in Congress.

Under separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of

checks and balances.

The Greek word demos, which is the root of the term democracy, means

common people

School uniforms are sometimes held up as policies that promote both equality and order more than freedom; equality because they minimize differences in income, and order because they minimize conflicts and distractions. In this way, school uniforms might be especially favored by

communitarians

Examples of public goods are

education, sanitation, and parks.

A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) __________ clause.

elastic

Social order is usually defined as

established patterns of authority and traditional modes of behavior.

The law-enforcing branch of government is known as the

executive branch.

Unless they are impeached, federal judges serve

for life.

During the 1990s, Congress prohibited private businesses from discriminating in employment, public services, and public accommodations on the basis of physical or mental disabilities. This act creates a clash between

freedom and equality.

A citizen's group gathers enough signatures on a petition to force a popular vote on a statewide lottery proposal. This proposal would represent a(n)

initiative.

According to the Declaration of Independence, when a government fails to secure the people's unalienable rights,

it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it.

The Occupy Wall Street movement stalled in momentum because

it made little effort to build organizations and a leadership structure.

One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

left unspecified how many people the executive might have.

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

legislative branch.

An American who opposes affirmative action laws and also opposes laws that ban sexually explicit publications is likely to be a

libertarian

Franklin Roosevelt's freedom of speech and freedom of religion are synonymous with

liberty

The "unalienable rights" identified by the Declaration of Independence are

life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

All of the following are principles of procedural democracy except

minority rights.

When NATO established a no-fly zone over Libya in 2011, Libyan dictator Moammar Gadhafi protested that NATO had violated Libya's

national sovereignty

Elite theory is discredited as an explanation of American national politics because studies show that

no one identifiable group regularly prevails on different issues.

A consistent set of values and beliefs about the proper purpose and scope of government is a(n)

political ideology.

An alleged weakness of the majoritarian democratic model is its

reliance on the American public to be knowledgeable and participatory.

Republicanism is a form of government in which power

resides in the people and is exercised by their elected representatives.

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

revise the Articles of Confederation.

After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of

social equality.

A government pursuing laissez-faire policies would

take a hands-off attitude toward the economy.

A result of the Second Continental Congress was

the adoption of the Declaration of Independence.

The broad, basic definition of politics given by the text is

the authoritative allocation of values for a society.

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states.

Compared with majoritarian thought, the pluralist model of democracy shifts the focus of democratic decision making from _________ to _________.

the mass electorate; organized groups

Including the Bill of Rights, __________ amendments have been added to the Constitution:

twenty-seven

According to Madison in Federalist No. 10, the most common and durable source of factions has been

unequal distribution of property.

Compared to citizens in other nations, Americans

value freedom of speech more than order.

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

checks and balances.

One weakness of the substantive model of democracy is that

there is no agreement regarding which policies are democratic.

Shays's Rebellion indicated the

urgent need to maintain domestic order.

The United States Constitution was written in

1787.

The Federalist papers were written by

Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison

The compact among the thirteen original colonies that established the United States in 1777 was known as the Constitution.

Articles of Confederation.

The _________ protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

Eighth Amendment

The text suggests that the United States fulfills the __________ model quite well.

pluralist

Which of the following philosophers is usually associated with socialism?

Karl Marx

The following state in 2006 became the first state to require its citizens to buy health insurance or face a penalty:

Massachusetts

A referendum is best described as a(n)

election on a policy issue.

Supporters of the Constitution named themselves

Federalists.

Which of the following European nations was not debt-ridden and did not suffer questions from creditors during 2012?

Germany