POLS 2311 test 3

Libertarianism is a political ideology that

emphasizes freedom and voluntary association with small government.

The requirement that broadcasters provide candidates for the same political office equal opportunities to communicate their messages to the public is called the

equal time rule.

A widely circulated story during the 2016 presidential election stating that the Pope had endorsed Donald Trump for president was a good example of

fake news.

The process by which political values are formed is known as

political socialization

Which agency regulates broadcast media?

Federal Communications Commission

Which of the following sets of terms best describes America's fundamental political values?

Liberty, equality of opportunity, and democracy

Gender Gap

Men are more supportive of Donald Trump's presidency that women.

The process of preparing the public to take a particular view of an event or political actor is called priming.

True

Bernie Sanders is best described as a

democratic socialist

Push polling involves

The procedure of asking loaded questions in order to subtly shape the respondent's opinion.

Low-level officials who hope to publicize what they view as their bosses' or the government's improper activities are usually called

"whistle-blowers"

Today, liberal refers to someone who generally supports social and economic status quo and is suspicious of efforts to introduce new political formulas and economic arrangements.

False

The term "public opinion" is used to describe

attitudes about political issues, leaders, institutions, and events.

Which of the following requires an FCC license in order to legally broadcast in the US?

over-the-air television stations

The tendency to focus news coverage on only one aspect of an event or issue, avoiding coverage of other aspects is called

selection bias

What is the social desirability effect?

the fact that respondents report what they think the interviewer wishes to hear or whatever they think is socially acceptable, rather than what they actually believe.

Pollsters use random digit dialing to gather national samples for surveys because

there is not a complete list of all Americans that can be used to identify the population.

Which of the following news sources reaches the MOST Americans?

Television

Large media conglomerates, such as the Hearst, McClatchy, and Gannett corporations, own approximately _______ percent of daily newpapers.

75

Which statement best describes the relationship between public opinion and government policy?

Dynamic, but public opinion also shifts based on new government policies.

A shared American ideal that all people should have the freedom to use whatever talents and wealth they have to reach their fullest potential is ____________ .

Equality of opportunity

___________ is the power the media have to shape what issues Americans thing about and __________ is the power the media have to influence how Americans think about those issues.

Priming; framing

Which of the following statements about the marketplace of ideas is true?

Private groups and the news media play important roles in shaping opinions in the marketplace of ideas.

The small group selected by pollsters to represent the entire population is called a

Sample

News reported and distributed by citizens, rather than by professional journalists and for-profit news organizations, is called citizen journalism.

True

Socialism refers to a political ideology that emphasizes social ownership, strong government, and reducing economic inequality.

True.

A political ideology is best defined as

a cohesive set of beliefs that form a general philosophy about government.

Reporting in which the media adopt a skeptical or even hostile posture toward the government and public officials is referred to as

adversarial journalism.

If public concern and interest in data security issues increased after a number of television and newspaper stories about "hacking," it would be an example of the media's

agenda-setting power.

If a person supports a candidate because he or she is the front-runner in a poll, it is an example of the

bandwagon effect

News produced by individuals and organizations who are not employed as professional journalists is called

citizen journalism

Individuals with home high-speed internet access and the technology and literacy skills to use it are called

digital citizens

The fact that Americans strongly support minimal governmental interference with individuals' lives and property illustrates their commitment to

liberty

What is niche journalism?

news reporting targeted for a demographic of readers based on content or ideological presentation.

Which of the following is not an agent of socialization?

none of the above

"Public broadcasting" refers to any television, radio, and digital media that

receive funding from the public through license fees, subsidies, or tax dollars.

The fact that only 63% of high school graduates have broadband internet access at home while almost 90% of college graduates do is an example of

the "digital divide"

In the US, freedom of the press is protected by

the First Amendment

Which of the following is NOT a reason why many Americans appear to prefer online news?

the accuracy and objectivity compared to traditional media outlets.

The concept of a marketplace of ideas refers to

the competition between varying opinions and ideas that are aired in public forums.