Porth Patho Chapter 40: Disorders of the Female Genitourinary System
The nurse is teaching a patient with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) about the condition. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates a need for further instruction?
"I developed this as a result of a sexually transmitted infection."
A female patient reports that her mother-in-law was just diagnosed with cervical cancer and asks the nurse about her own risk. Which response by the nurse is correct?
"If you had the human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine, your risk is greatly reduced."
What should the nurse teach the client about assessing for possible breast cancer?
"Perform monthly self-breast exams after menses."
A female patient with uterine leiomyomas asks the nurse about her risk of uterine cancer. Which of the following statements best answers the question?
"Your leiomyomas may cause heavy periods but will not become cancerous."
The nurse suspects which of the following female clients may be at risk for infertility?
A long distance runner
A woman with a regular 28-day menstrual cycle wishes to become pregnant. At which point in the menstrual cycle is the optimal time for intercourse to end in fertilization of the ovum?
Fourteenth day after menses begins
The endocrine system is highly involved in the female reproductive system. Which hormones are used to stimulate the primordial follicles?
FSH and LH
A client has just become pregnant and there is a consequent increase in secretions from the columnar epithelium of her endocervix. What effect will this have?
Formation of a mucoid plug to protect her uterus
A 38-year-old woman with proliferative breast changes of papilloma asks the nurse about her risk for breast cancer. Which of the following statements of risk is correct?
Higher because of your papilloma
There are two types of vulvar cancer. One type is found in older women, and one type is found in younger women, generally less than 40 years of age. What is the type found in younger women thought to be caused by?
Human papillomavirus
An 18-year-old woman presents at the clinic complaining new-onset breakthrough bleeding, even though she is taking contraceptives. What contraceptive use, along with new-onset breakthrough bleeding, has been associated with pelvic inflammatory disease?
Intrauterine device
Which of the following statements best captures an aspect of the role of progesterone? Progesterone:
Levels peak after ovulation and is present throughout the menstrual cycle.
During the female menstrual cycle hormones are produced and excreted by various reproductive organs. The hormone progesterone is secreted and is metabolized in which of the following organs?
Liver
The nurse is assisting a female client in labor. The nurse understands which anatomical structure is involved in producing the severe contractions the client is experiencing?
Myometrium
Which intervention is appropriate for a woman experiencing dysmenorrhea?
Provide an NSAID
A female client experiencing hot flashes during perimenopause asks the nurse about hormone therapy (HT). Which is the appropriate response by the nurse?
Short term HT can be used to reduce symptoms.
The nurse explains that the ovaries have which of the following functions. (Select all that apply.)
Storing female germ cells Producing female sex hormones
The connecting tube between the cervix and the vestibule is referred to as which of the following?
Vagina
The nurse is assessing the genitalia of a forty-two-year-old female client diagnosed with a genitourinary disorder. The nurse recognizes which of the following does not describe the normal anatomy of the female genitalia.
The clitoris is located posterior to the urethra.
Fibrocystic changes in the breast are not uncommon. How is the diagnosis of fibrocystic changes made?
Ultrasonography and mammography
The nurse planning care for a menopausal woman should include interventions to decrease risk for which of the following?
atherosclerosis
A client diagnosed with endometriosis asks the nurse how it is that she did not know about this when she had it for so long. What is the nurse's best response?
"Its symptoms mimic those of other disorders "
A 13-year-old client undergoing puberty is alarmed to find small, white bumps surrounding her areolae. The nurse reassures her that these are a normal sign of her sexual maturation and tells her that they are:
Montgomery tubercles.
A patient is diagnosed with vulvar carcinoma, which appears as an inconspicuous thickening of the skin resembling eczema or dermatitis and may produce few symptoms other than pruritus, local discomfort, and exudation. The nurse understands that the cancer metastasizes readily through which mode?
Multiple lymph channels
A 29-year-old female client has been diagnosed with fibrocystic breasts. The nurse should understand that the client has likely been experiencing which symptoms? Select all that apply.
Palpable breast masses that change during the menstrual cycle Breast pain or discomfort
An adult client reports persistent vaginal irritation and recurrent infections. In her history the physician notices that she recently has been prescribed antibiotics for a respiratory infection and concludes that it has affected her normal flora by:
causing the vaginal environment to be more alkaline than normal.