(ppt) Chapter 7.3 Calorimetry

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Three implications of water having a high specific heat

- Can absorb a lot of heat without a large temperature increase - Keeps temperatures stable on Earth - Effective coolant as a fluid

What two types of calorimeters are there?

- Coffee cup calorimeter - Bomb calorimeter

What four reactions can coffee cup calorimeters measure?

- heat of neutralization - heat of ionization - heat of fusion - heat of vaporization

what two things are bomb calorimeters used to determine?

- heats of combustion - number food calories we consume

What components make up a coffee cup calorimeter?

- two nested styrofoam cups - cover - stirrer - thermometer

formula to find qreaction

-(qsolution/water + qcalorimeter)

Specific heat definition

Amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of the substance by 1 degree Celcius

Instrument to use for calorimetry

Calorimeter

Symbol for calorimeter constant

Ccal

Unit for temperature in formula to find heat associated with temperature change

Celsius, not kelvin

Symbol for specific heat

Csp

What does a calorimeter measure?

Heat associated with chemical reactions

Calorimeter constant definition

Heat capacity of the calorimeter // amount of heat absorbed by the calorimeter for each degree rise in temperature

qreaction (qrxn)

Heat of reaction/change in enthalpy (deltaH)

Does water have a low or high specific heat?

High

What variable is constant for coffee cup calorimeters?

Pressure

Calorimetry

Science of measuring heat

Fundamental equation of calorimetry

The heat lost by a reaction is gained by the surrounding water and calorimeter

Two different metals with same mass subjected to the same amount of heat: which one has the smallest change in temperature?

The metal with the higher heat capacity

What variable is kept constant in a bomb calorimeter?

Volume

formula for bomb calorimeter

deltaE

Formula for bomb calorimetry

deltaE = qrxn = -Ccal x deltaT

Formula for coffee cup calorimeter

deltaH

what does Ccal mean?

heat capacity of the calorimeter and its contents

purpose of inner cup in coffee cup calorimeter

holds solution where reaction occurs

what type of system is a coffee cup calorimeter?

isolated

Unit for calorimeter constant

kJ/C degrees

unit for Ccal

kJ/Celcius

for constant-volume calorimetry, is work done?

no, because volume is constant

Is energy content a negative or positive quantity?

positive

purpose of outer cup in coffee cup calorimeter

provides extra insulation

Formula to find heat associated with temperature change

q = mCsp(deltaT)

what does qrxn mean?

quantity of heat from the reaction mixture

System in coffee cup calorimetry

reactants and products (the reaction)

What is constant-volume calorimetry used to study?

the energy changes in reactions under a constant volume

Bomb calorimetry: what is the energy released from the reaction equal to?

the heat capacity of the calorimeter

surroundings in coffee cup calorimetry

water (solution) and the calorimeter


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