Practice Exam

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The French Revolution, a political upheaval with massive and long reaching consequences, began in what year?

1789

According to our lecture on the Classical period, what is the respective number of movements within a String Quartet, Solo Concerto, and Sonata?

4, 3, 3-4

Beethoven wrote how many symphonies?

9

What do we call a note in which the singer (or instrumentalist) bends the note slightly lower or higher?

A blue note

Schubert's Der Erlkönig (The Elf King) follows which of the following plots?

A father and son ride on horseback through the woods. The boy screams that the Elf King is after him (though the father dismisses it as a shadow or the wind). The Elf King comes into contact with the boy and when they arrive home, the boy is dead.

Which of the following is not a difference between a major and a minor scale?

A major scale is considered to be tonal, whereas a minor scale is not.

What is word painting?

A musical concept in which melodies depict specific words that are sung (like notes going higher in pitch on the word "ascend").

What is sprechstimme?

A singing technique where the notes are half-sung, half-spoken.

What is J.S. Bach's Coffee Cantata about?

A young girl who is addicted to coffee and her father who desperately tries to free her of this addiction.

"Hoedown" from Rodeo was composed by which American composer?

Aaron Copland

Which choice does not correspond to the aesthetics of Romanticism?

Absolute Music

Which of the following correctly orders tempi moving from fastest to slowest?

Allegro, Moderato, Andante

What is a cantata?

An often dramatic musical work for solo voice or choir with instrumental accompaniment (like a small orchestra). Similar to an opera but shorter and has no costumes, stage props, or acting.

What is a trouser or pants role?

An operatic role in which a grown woman plays the character of a pre-pubescent boy.

The serialism and twelve tone system was primarily created by what composer?

Arnold Schoenberg

The 2nd Viennese School was comprised of which three composers?

Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton Webern

Franz Schubert's greatest compositional output was in the genre of the _____.

Art Song

What do we call a song in which a poem is set to music and is designed to be performed by one singer and one pianist? These songs were most popular during the romantic period.

Art Song

Johann Sebastian Bach lived during what musical period?

Baroque

Identify this instrument:

Bassoon

In music, what do we call the pulse in a musical work?

Beat

Few romantic composers could escape the influence of ______ symphonies.

Beethoven's

Bebop jazz was a NYC reaction to what Jazz style from what city?

Big Band jazz from Chicago

For the violin, viola, cello, and double-bass, an object is commonly used to create sound from the instrument. This object is a long and thin piece of wood with horse hairs stretched from end to end. Those horsehairs are moved over the strings of the instrument to create sound. What is this object called?

Bow

In the exposition of the sonata form, what serves the function of modulating to a new key?

Bridge

Which of these statements is true?

By the end of the baroque era, instrumental music had gradually equaled or surpassed vocal music in popularity.

One of the non-European musical concepts observed among imported slaves was ____ in which one person sings or plays a short musical melody while the rest of the group responds in a similar manner.

Call and Response

The invention of what modern device compelled painters to begin experimenting with Impressionism in the mid-1800's?

Camera

Identify this instrument:

Cello

What do we call a group of voices that sing together?

Choir

Which of these scales do composers use to create dissonance for special, dramatic effects?

Chromatic

During the romantic period, who was given the title Queen of the Piano?

Clara Schumann

Franz Joseph Haydn belonged to which musical period?

Classical

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart belonged to which musical period?

Classical

Who composed Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune (Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun)?

Claude Debussy

Schoenberg's Pierrot Lunaire is a song cycle about a _____.

Clown

What is opera buffa?

Comic opera

In concert and rehearsal, orchestras, wind ensembles, choirs, and other large ensembles are led by whom?

Conductor

With what impairment did Beethoven struggle for much of his life?

Deafness

What section follows the exposition?

Development

Identify this instrument:

Double Bass

What does the term "crescendo" reference?

Dynamics that gradually get louder

What does the term "decrescendo" reference?

Dynamics that gradually get quieter

What key was historically assumed to have a warm and lush quality?

E-flat Major

A group of musicians performing together is referred to as a/an_____.

Ensemble

What section of a fugue begins immediately after the exposition?

Episode

_____ are study pieces that are designed to help musicians get better at a specific technique related to their instrument.

Etudes

New York Free Jazz shared elements with what previously discussed European art movement?

Expressionism

A combination of notes that is considered unstable and tense is called a consonance.

False

A musical composition cannot include both polyphonic and homophonic textures.

False

Absolute music tells a story or seeks to portray a tangible picture.

False

Adding "issimo" to a dynamic indication, such as piano, means to change the dynamic to less than itself. (Piano means soft and pianissimo means less soft, forte means strong and fortissimo means less strong.)

False

Beethoven's career can be divided into 3 periods, with the first period consisting of his time as a Romantic composer.

False

Church doctrine during the Middle Ages encouraged celebrating life on earth and living it to its fullest.

False

Comic opera is often called opera seria.

False

Despite the popularity of Ludwig van Beethoven in the classical period, his influence was hardly felt in the romantic period (as musicians began to forget who he was).

False

In the story of Symphonie fantastique, the Artist character sees his Beloved at places like the local tavern, recalls the feeling of fear he has when near the Beloved, avoids the Beloved's murderous attacks, and, in a massive turn of events, marries the Beloved and they live happily ever after.

False

Medieval motets used sacred language rather than secular.

False

Monophony uses a solo voice, it cannot occur simultaneously in multiple instruments

False

Ternary form describes three-part music in which all three parts are completely different.

False

The Classical Era refers to all music that we, in modern day, refer to as "classical music."

False

The Ordinary of the Mass is the part that varies with each day.

False

The Strophic song form uses new music for each verse of a song.

False

The countersubject of a fugue appears only at the very end of the piece.

False

The exposition in a fugue includes the first statement of the subject only.

False

The major scale has a number of lowered notes, which give it a "sadder" sound when compared with the minor scale.

False

The story of Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring) involves a faun who awakens from sleep and, because of too much wine consumption, is confused about his earlier activities. Perhaps he brought two nymphs home, perhaps not. But figuring it out is too hard, so he goes back to sleep.

False

When Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring) premiered in Paris in 1913, the Parisian audience loved it because it contained the smooth, elegant, and graceful dancing that was traditionally found in ballet at the time.

False

Which of the following is NOT one of the dances commonly present in a baroque suite?

Fantasia

In music, the composer always leads the orchestra while the conductor always writes the music.

Fasle

Identify this instrument:

Flute

Match each term with its definition. One term will not be used.

Form -The organization of musical ideas in time. Theme - An important and returning melody in a musical composition. Ternary - A musical form consisting of a beginning section, a contrasting middle section, and then a repeat of the beginning section. Binary -A musical form consisting of two contrasting sections.

Which element of Jazz does NOT come from African traditions?

Formal structure

The organic "spinning out" of a musical work based on the first few notes played is called what?

Fortspinnung

Claude Debussy was born in what country?

France

Impressionism was heard around the world, but it most thrived in _____.

France

Stephen Foster's American parlor music for amateur musicians was most similar to the Salon music of what European composer of the same period?

Franz Schubert

In response to his time in the United States, what did Antonín Dvořák nickname his ninth symphony?

From the New World

A _____ is a musical work where the main melody (the subject) is developed polyphonically. After the initial melody is heard, that same melody enters a few seconds later but at a different note-level. This process continues until all layers of melodies have entered and a complicated web of sound has been created.

Fugue

What kind of jazz attempted to merge rock and jazz?

Fusion

This medieval period composer was an advocate of the ars nova (which brought great change to music). He was a well-educated poet-musician. Because of his preservation of music manuscripts (mainly by gifting them to patrons), his music was preserved. This helped push the music scene forward into the next musical period. Who was this composer?

Guillaume de Machaut

What famous work influenced Franz Joseph Haydn so much that it led to his creating the oratorio The Creation?

Handel's Messiah (specifically, the "Hallelujah" Chorus)

If melody is the horizontal aspect of music, what is the vertical?

Harmony

Identify this instrument:

Harp

Symphonie fantastique was like an autobiography of Hector Berlioz's feelings for ____.

Harriet Smithson

What did Denis Diderot, with the help of other French philosophers, contribute to the belief in enlightenment and reason?

He compiled and wrote the first encyclopedia.

In 1802, Beethoven wrote a letter in which he poured out his heart and revealed his struggles, inner turmoil, and thoughts of suicide. This letter, though, also included his drive to fight through his struggles and succeed. Which letter is this?

Heiligenstadt Testament

A singer accompanying themself with chords on a guitar is performing which type of music?

Homophony

Which texture is most common in popular music

Homophony

Identify this instrument:

Horn

Though his total compositional output included works beyond the style, which composer was the main composer of music of the primitivism style?

Igor Stravinsky

A woman starts singing "Row, Row, Row Your Boat," and when she gets to the third word, a second woman starts singing the same song from the beginning. What is this called?

Imitation

Prélude à l'après-midi d'un faune (Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun) is best described with which musical style?

Impressionism

_____ was an art style in which painters sought to capture an impression of a scene or subject rather than depicting it literally with crisp detail. Composers sought to mimic the style in music by emphasizing atmosphere and mood, avoiding pomp, and drifting melodies in and out smoothly.

Impressionism

The text to Schubert's Der Erlkönig (The Elf King) was based on a poem by whom?

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Which philosopher does not belong to the Age of Enlightenment and its emphasis on human truth as being rational?

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

Who composed The Stars and Stripes Forever?

John Philip Sousa

Who was the most successful marching band leader of America?

John Philip Sousa

A written notation in music, used to help the performer identify if a piece is in major or minor, is called the

Key Signature

What do we call a melody with smooth and connected notes?

Legato

Which characteristics correctly define the "Ars Antiqua" style of music

Leonin and Perotin were critical composers of it Occurred during the 12th-14th century Compelled the creation of mensural notation

In German, art songs are referred to as _____.

Lieder

Who created the libretto for three of Mozart's most famous operas: Le nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro), Don Giovanni (Don Juan), and Cosi fan tutte (All Women Are Like That)?

Lorenzo da Ponte

_____ became one of the most powerful trumpet players and most popular jazz musicians of all time.

Louis Armstrong

To which composer do we often look as helping move the musical world from the classical period into the romantic period?

Ludwig van Beethoven

A secular vocal genre containing a short poem set in the vernacular, this type of music was for multiple voices, found during the renaissance period, and used word painting so frequently that the genre's title became synonymous with the word painting technique. What is this describing?

Madrigal

Which factor in early 20th century society did not contribute to Expressionism?

McCarthyism

Mezzo forte means

Medium loud

What answer below best fits with the musical style of primitivism?

Melodies do not flow smoothly (they are harsh and angular) and contain many unexpected accents.

Which term describes a series of notes that add up to a recognizable whole?

Melody

Steve Reich and John Adams often compose music using a basic rhythmic motive on repeat for the entire piece. This serves to strip off nonessential elements and isolate a fundamental concept, subscribing to the mid-20th century artistic style called

Minimalism

Check all musical characteristics that correctly define early Gregorian Chant?

Monophonic texture Modal ambiguity rather than major/minor Melody is determined by inflection of the text

If your entire class sings the melody to "Sweet Home Alabama" simultaneously and does not add harmony, the class has created _____.

Monophony

In a piece of music, if there is one melody, no accompanying sound, no harmony, and no chords, that piece of music can be described using what term?

Monophony

Which statement best defines music?

Music is an art based on the organization of sounds in time.

What is improvisation as it relates to music?

Music that is created by the performer during the moment of performance.

What is atonal music?

Music that rejects tonality.

What is program music?

Music that uses the sounds of the instruments to recreate an image, scene, or event in the listener's mind.

Jazz was born in _____.

New Orleans

What do we call a piece of music for solo piano that reflects the peace and quiet of night time?

Nocturne

George Frederic Handel's Messiah is a/an_____.

Oratorio

When the keys of this instrument are pressed, air flows through specific metal pipes to create the needed pitch. Which instrument is this?

Organ

When a second melodic line was added to Gregorian chant, the song was then referred to as _____.

Organum

The modern symphony orchestra primarily contains instruments from which four instrument families?

Percussion Strings Brass Woodwinds

In the medieval period, it was common to hear secular music from troubadours, trouvères, and minnesingers. Who were these people?

Poet-musicians of France and Germany who created the first secular songs of which we have record. They're like the singer-songwriters of the medieval period.

Frederic Chopin was from _____. He loved his country and was incredibly nationalistic.

Poland

The motet uses what kind of texture?

Polyphonic

The musical texture that is defined by independence and equality among multiple voices is

Polyphony

Which of the following is not a dynamic indication?

Presto

_____ was a precursor to jazz. It contained much syncopation that reflected the non-European music of the slaves while following a very organized structure (an idea imported from European music). It was most popular among black piano players and involved no improvisation.

Ragtime

1450-1600 marks the years of which musical period?

Renaissance

Arnold Bocklin's painting, Self Portrait with Death Playing the Violin, corresponds with the aesthetic of which musical period?

Romanticism

Igor Stravinsky was a composer from what country?

Russia

What is the form of the first movement of a classical symphony?

Sonata form

What does Gustav Mahler musically quote throughout his first symphony?

Songs

What do we call a singing technique where the notes are half-spoken, half sung?

Sprechstimme

If the notes of a melody are short, disconnected, and jumpy, those notes are _____.

Staccato

The greatest pop songwriter of early America was _____. He composed songs like Camptown Races, My Old Kentucky Home, and Oh! Susanna.

Stephen Foster

The main melody of a fugue is called the

Subject

What do we call a multi-movement work where each movement is based on a particular popular dance? It is composed for a solo instrument and commonly found in the baroque period

Suite

When discussing the speed of a piece of music, you are discussing the _____.

Tempo

Which description correctly describes the contrast between an "A" theme and "B" theme in the exposition of Sonata Form?

The "A" theme is generally more energetic, the "B" theme is more lyric.

Which of the following best exemplifies the classical period's emphasis on clear and balanced artistic style?

The Death of Socrates, by Jacques-Louis David

Based on his work with the US Marine Band, his compositions, and tours with his band, John Philip Sousa earned what nickname?

The March King

King Louis XVI banned the play-version of what Mozart opera before his execution by Guillotine?

The Marriage of Figaro

Which painting best represents the Baroque era aesthetic?

The Martyrdom of Saint Ursula by Caravaggio

The most solemn service of the Catholic church, commemorating and reenacting the Last Supper, is called

The Mass

P.I. Tchaikovsky is most famous for what work that he ironically also despised?

The Nutcracker

Which statement regarding the movements of J.S. Bach's Baroque dance suite is incorrect?

The Sarabande, a slow dance in three, was sexual in nature and originated in France

What piece of art best exemplifies the aesthetic of Expressionism?

The Scream by Edward Munch

What is an idée fixe?

The concept of associating a melody with a person, object, or idea (similar to the leitmotifs found in Richard Wagner's music dramas).

The opening rhythmic motif of Beethoven's 5th Symphony is often nicknamed what?

The fate motif

Handel's Messiah focuses on what subject?

The life of Jesus from the Bible

Who was Hildegard of Bingen?

The main documented female composer of the medieval period.

Who was Scott Joplin?

The most popular and successful composer and performer of ragtime music.

What does the term a capella mean?

The music features singing with no instrumental accompaniment.

The term "dynamics" refers to what aspect of music?

The volume of music

Which events (2) of the classical era best reflect its leanings toward reason and enlightenment?

The writing of the first encyclopedia The growing belief in human control over a rational universe

The bebop style was particularly popular among which jazz artists?

Thelonious Monk, Dizzy Gillespie, and Charlie Parker

Ballad is most similar to which art song form?

Through-Composed

Definite and steady vibrations create a

Tone

A Salon during the Romantic period entailed a private gathering of citizens to discuss and present artistic works.

True

A tone is a musical pitch.

True

Amy Beach was the first prominent female composer of American music.

True

Binary form can incorporate any of these formations: AB, AABB, AAB, or ABB

True

Cantatas can be sacred or secular.

True

Consonant harmonies create a sense of purity and lack tension

True

Dissonance adds variety and a sense of tension to be resolved within the music.

True

In the story of Symphonie fantastique, the Artist character recalls his feelings for the Beloved, sees her at places (like a ball), wonders if the Beloved truly loves him, kills his Beloved, is executed, and then views his now-witch Beloved dancing upon his grave.

True

In twelve tone music, a tone row could be played forward (as written), in retrograde (backwards), in an inversion, or in an inverted retrograde.

True

Later in the baroque, royals and other wealthy families hired orchestras to provide music.

True

Lining out was a musical practice used in early American religious services.

True

Mozart was a master of all music genres in existence during his time.

True

Mozart's Le nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro) is a comic opera.

True

Music that is sung with no instrument accompaniment is called a capella.

True

Pitch is determined by the frequency of its vibration: the faster the vibration, the higher the pitch.

True

Soon after the premiere of Symphonie fantastique (in which the Artist ultimately kills the Beloved), Harriet Smithson and Hector Berlioz get married.

True

The sections of the Mass that contains texts that vary with the day of the church year are called the Proper.

True

The story of Le Sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring) involves a young girl who, as part of pre-historic Russian pagan culture, has to dance herself to death in order to convince the gods to end winter and bring on spring.

True

The third movement of Gustav Mahler's first symphony quotes the children's tune Frère Jacques (Brother John).

True

Identify this instrument:

Trumpet

George Bizet's operas, especially Carmen, present life as indifferent to human emotion, the term that best describes this artistic tradition toward realism is called

Verismo

The title of Mozart's works are often followed by the letter "K" and a number (like K. 273). What does this number represent?

Where in Köchel's chronological listing the Mozart piece can be found.

How does a wind ensemble differ from an orchestra?

Wind ensembles do not have the full string family present.

The term madrigalism was often synonymous with what other term?

Word Painting

Imagine you are listening to a choir perform renaissance music (don't ask why, just imagine it). When the choir sings "climb," the notes rise in pitch. When the choir sings "falls down the stairs," the notes descend in pitch. What musical concept have you just heard?

Word painting

A composition that presents a musical idea in one voice then immediately presents it in a second voice is using a compositional technique called

imitation

The term used to describe a central note, scale, or chord is

key

A toccata keyboard piece is characterized by

many scale passages, rapid runs and trills, and massive chords.

The shift from one key to another within a composition is called

modulation

When talking about a primary melodic line we can also the term

voice


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