Practice Problems DNA Friend Or Foe Module 2

High temperatures or changes in pH can permanently disrupt protein structure and function. This process is called ___________. A. denaturation B. renaturation C. hydrolysis D. speeding up the rate of chemical reactions E. dehydration synthesis

A

Which of the following terms is NOT related to the other four? a. amino acids b. nucleotides c. pentose sugars d. phosphate groups e. nitrogenous bases

A

Which statement is true? a. The hydrogen bonding of cytosine to guanine is an example of complementary base pairing. b. Adenine always pairs up with guanine in DNA, and cytosine always teams up with thymine. c. Each of the four nucleotides in a DNA molecule has the same nitrogen-containing base. d. When adenine base pairs with thymine, they are linked by three hydrogen bonds. e. In the DNA of all species, the amount of cytosine never equals the amount of guanine

A

A nucleotide is composed of a(n) ______________________, a(n) _______________, and a phosphate group. A. aldehyde group, phosphate B. nitrogen-containing base, sugar C. an amino acid group, sugar D. nucleic acid, amino group E. sugar, steroid

B

The building blocks of nucleic acids are a. amino acids. b. nucleotides. c. pentose sugars. d. phosphate groups. e. nitrogenous bases

B

What are the basic building blocks of proteins? A. Glucose B. Amino acids C. Nucleic acids D. Fatty acids E. Sucrose

B

What term describes the unwinding (unraveling) of the overall shape of a protein? A. Metabolism B. Denaturation C. Breakdown D. Condensation E. Hydrolysis

B

What type of chemical bond is found between two amino acids? A. Nonpolar covalent B. Peptide bond C. Amino acids don't form bonds D. Hydrogen bond E. Ionic bond

B

A hydrogen bond is best described as: A. a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen and an oxygen nucleus. B. a sharing of a pair of electrons between a hydrogen nucleus and either an oxygen or a nitrogen nucleus. C. an attractive force that involves a hydrogen atom and an oxygen or a nitrogen atom that occurs either in two different molecules, or within the same molecule. D. A and B only. E. A, B, and C only

C

Proteins are biological polymers that are composed of repeating units known as: A. nucleotides. B. peptides. C. amino acids. D. glycoproteins. E. nucleic acids.

C

All proteins contain which types of structures? A. Primary and secondary structures. B. Secondary and tertiary structures. C. Quaternary structures. D. A and B only. E. A, B, and C.

D

Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating a. amino acid units. b. nitrogen-containing bases. c. hydrogen bonds. d. sugar and phosphate molecules. e. amines and purines

D

Each DNA strand has a backbone that consists of alternating: A. amino acid units. B nitrogen-containing bases. C. hydrogen bonds. D. sugar and phosphate molecules. E. amines and purines.

D

In the bonding of nitrogenous bases a. adenine is paired with cytosine. b. adenine is paired with guanine. c. cytosine is paired with thymine. d. guanine is paired with cytosine. e. two of the above

D

In the pairing of two nucleotides within the double helix a. hydrogen bonds are used. b. adenine and thymine bind together. c. cytosine binds with guanine. d. all of the above

D

What determines the way a protein will fold up to form its tertiary structure? A. the quaternary structure of the protein B. interactions with DNA and RNA C. interactions with lipid molecules D. the placement of polar and charged groups in the side chains of amino acids E. none of the above.

D

Which level of protein structure consists of a linear sequence of amino acids? A. tertiary B. quaternary C. secondary D. primary E. primary and secondary

D

A nucleotide may contain a(n) a. base. b. 5-carbon sugar. c. phosphate group. d. adenine. e. all of the above

E

In the pairing of two nucleotides within the DNA double helix: A. hydrogen bonds are used. B. adenine and thymine bond together. C. cytosine bonds with guanine. D. a nucleotide with one ring always bonds with a nucleotide with two rings E. all of the above statements are true.

E

Proteins may function as: A. structural units. B. hormones. C. storage molecules. D. transport molecules. E. all of the above.

E

True-False. The function of a protein depends on its structure and shape.

TRUE