Practice Questions Endocrine/Digestive/Antimicrobials Pharmacology

A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary hypothyroidism. The nurse should anticipate an elevation of which of the following laboratory values?ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 2) Free T4 3) Serum T4 4) Serum T3

1

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Dehydration 2) Polyphagia 3) Hyperglycemia 4) Bradycardia

1

A nurse is caring for a client who has streptococcal pneumonia and a prescription for penicillin G by intermittent IV bolus. 10 minutes into the infusion of the third dose, the client reports that the IV site itches and that he feels dizzy and short of breath. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Stop the infusion. 2) Call the client's provider. 3) Elevate the head of the bed. 4) Auscultate the client's breath sounds.

1

A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations. When the nurse finds the client's blood glucose to be 48 mg/dL on the glucometer, he should give the client which of the following? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Graham crackers 2) 1 tsp sugar 3) 4 oz diet soda 4) 4 oz skim milk

1

A nurse is instructing the caregiver of a toddler who has bacterial conjunctivitis and a new prescription for an ophthalmic ointment. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "Apply the ointment in a thin line into the conjunctival sac." 2) "Ask the child to look down before applying the ointment." 3) "Always wipe from the outer to the inner canthus when wiping away secretions." 4) "Use a sterile glove and applicator to apply the antibiotic ointment."

1

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who takes opioid pain medication and has a new prescription for docusate sodium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "It might take up to 3 days for the medication to work." 2) "I will take the medication for diarrhea." 3) "I should drink 4 ounces of water when I take the medication." 4) "I can take this medication along with mineral oil."

1

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for aluminum hydroxide to treat heartburn. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report which of the following adverse reactions? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Constipation 2) Flatulence 3) Palpitations 4) Headache

1

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for cimetidine to treat peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.) ANSWERS - Multiple Response Select All That Apply 1) "I can take this medication with or without food." 2) "I will take this medication in the morning." 3) "I should expect my stools to turn black." 4) "I will take this medication with an antacid." 5) "I will take this medication when I need it for pain." 6) "I will eat five small meals each day.

1,6

A nurse in a provider's office is collecting a health history from a client who has a new prescription for glyburide to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a contraindication for taking this medication? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "I had strep throat about one year ago." 2) "I plan to continue nursing my baby until he is at least a year old." 3) "I got my flu shot at the pharmacy two weeks ago." 4) "I am allergic to shellfish."

2

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports taking bisacodyl tablets daily. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "Irregular bowel movements are an indication of poor intestinal health." 2) "Excessive laxative use may cause an electrolyte imbalance." 3) "Chronic use of laxatives can lead to a tear in the rectal mucosa." 4) "Decrease your intake of foods high in fiber."

2

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and a new prescription for sucralfate tablets. Which of the following information should the nurse provide? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "An antacid may be taken with the medication if indigestion occurs." 2) "Take sucralfate 1 hr before meals." 3) "Take the tablets whole." 4) "Store sucralfate in the refrigerator."

2

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for docusate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "Do not take this medication before bedtime." 2) "Take the medication with a full glass of water." 3) "Expect abdominal pain with this medication." 4) "Take this medication on an empty stomach."

2

A staff nurse is teaching a client who has Addison's disease about the disease process. The client asks the nurse what causes Addison's disease. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "It is caused by the lack of production of insulin by the pancreas.." 2) "It is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland." 3) "It is caused by the overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland." 4) "It is caused by the overproduction of parathormone by the parathyroid gland."

2

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has pneumonia and a prescription for cefpodoxime 5 mg/kg PO every 12 hr for 5 days. The client weighs 88 lb. How many mg should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

200mg

A nurse is assessing a client who has hyperthyroidism. The nurse should expect the client to report which of the following manifestations? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Sensitivity to cold 2) Constipation 3) Frequent mood changes 4) Weight gain of 4.5 kg (10 lb) in 3 weeks

3

A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving IV vancomycin. The nurse notes a flushing of the neck and tachycardia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Document that the client experienced an anaphylactic reaction to the medication. 2) Change the IV infusion site. 3) Decrease the infusion rate on the IV. 4) Apply cold compresses to the neck area.

3

A nurse is caring for a client who has a bacterial infection and is receiving gentamicin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to minimize the risk of an adverse effect of the medication?ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Limit the client's fluid intake. 2) Instruct the client to report agitation. 3) Monitor the serum medication levels. 4) Administer the medicine with food.

3

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for ferrous sulfate tablets twice daily for iron-deficiency anemia. The client asks the nurse why the provider instructed that she take the ferrous sulfate between meals. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "Taking the medication between meals will help you avoid becoming constipated." 2) "Taking the medication with food increases the risk of esophagitis." 3) "Taking the medication between meals will help you absorb the medication more efficiently." 4) "The medication can cause nausea if taken with food.

3

A nurse is caring for a client who has an infection and a prescription for gentamicin intermittent IV bolus every 8 hr. A peak and trough is required with the next dose. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to obtain an accurate gentamicin serum level? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Draw a trough level at 0900 and a peak level at 2100. 2) Draw a peak level 90 min prior to administering the medication and a trough level 90 min after the dose. 3) Draw a trough level immediately prior to administering the medication and a peak level 30 min after the dose. 4) Draw a peak level at 0900 and a trough level at 2100.

3

A nurse is caring for a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make to the client for a sweetener? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Corn syrup 2) Natural honey 3) Nonnutritive sugar substitute 4) Guava nectar

3

A nurse is completing discharge planning for a client who has bacterial endocarditis. The client will need to receive 12 weeks of antibiotic therapy. Which of the following venous access devices should the nurse identify as appropriate for the client? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Short peripheral catheter 2) Implanted infusion port 3) Peripherally inserted central catheter 4) Arteriovenous fistula

3

A nurse is assessing an adolescent who has an exacerbation of Graves' disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Weight gain 2) Bradycardia 3) Lethargy 4) Heat intolerance

4

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and plans to administer his regular insulin subcutaneously before he eats breakfast at 0800. After checking the client's morning glucose level, which of the following actions should the nurse take? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Give the insulin at 0700. 2) Give the insulin when the breakfast tray arrives. 3) Give the insulin 30 min after breakfast with the client's other routine medicines. 4) Give the insulin at 0730.

4

A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using over-the-counter calcium carbonate antacid. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse make about taking this medication? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Decrease bulk in the diet to counteract the adverse effect of diarrhea. 2) Take the medication with dairy products to increase absorption. 3) Reduce sodium intake. 4) Drink a glass of water after taking the medication.

4

A nurse is reviewing a client's prescription for 1,000 mL of 5% dextrose in water IV to infuse over 8 hr. At 1400, the nurse observes that there is 500 mL of solution remaining in the client's current IV bag. At what time should the nurse administer the next bag of IV solution? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) 1500 2) 1600 3) 1700 4) 1800

4

A nurse is teaching a client how to draw up regular insulin and NPH insulin into the same syringe. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Draw up the NPH insulin into the syringe first. 2) Inject air into the regular insulin first. 3) Shake the NPH insulin until it is well mixed. 4) Discard regular insulin that appears cloudy.

4

A nurse is teaching a client who has a urinary tract infection (UTI) and is taking ciprofloxacin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give to the client? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) "If the medicine causes an upset stomach, take an antacid at the same time." 2) "Limit your daily fluid intake while taking this medication." 3) "This medication can cause photophobia, so be sure to wear sunglasses outdoors." 4) "You should report any tendon discomfort you experience while taking this medication."

4

A nurse manager is providing an educational program on antibiotic sensitivity to bacterial infections. The nurse should include in the teaching that metronidazole is indicated for which of the following infections? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2) Klebsiella 3) Candida 4) Trichomoniasis vaginalis

4

A nurse manager is providing an educational program on antibiotic sensitivity to bacterial infections. The nurse should include in the teaching that vancomycin is indicated for which of the following infections? ANSWERS - Multiple Choice 1) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 2) Klebsiella 3) Candida 4) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

4

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 30 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hr to a toddler who weighs 33 lb. Available is amoxicillin 200 mg/5 mL suspension. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

5.6ml

A nurse is preparing to administer cefazolin IVPB over 20 min. Available is cefazolin 1 g in 100 mL of dextrose 5% in water (D5W). The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 15gtt/mL. The nurse should set the IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

75 gtt/min

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 350 mg PO. Available is amoxicillin 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest whole number.)

7ml