praxis 5003 math practice test

15(4+3)=15×4+15×3 The equation shown demonstrates which of the following? A.The distributive property of multiplication over addition B.The commutative property of multiplication C.The associative property of multiplication D.The additive inverse and additive identity properties

A

polygons

A. Regular and convex B. Regular and concave C. Irregular and convex D. Irregular and concave

At a yard sale, Tenille sold drinking glasses for $2.00 each and plates for $3.50 each. Nicholas spent a total of $18.00 on drinking glasses and plates at Tenille's yard sale. If Nicholas bought at least one glass and one plate, how many drinking glasses did he buy? A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4

B

In the formula d=r×td=r×t, if d equals 60 and t remains constant, which of the following is equivalent to r ? A.60t B. 60/t C. t/60 D. d/60(t)

B

Which of the following is equal to 4(5−2)2−234(5−2)2−23 ? A. 16 B. 28 C. 76 D.136

B (pemdas)

A pencil is 18 centimeters in length. How long is the pencil in millimeters? A. 0.18 B. 1.8 C. 180 D. 1,800

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of the metric system. Since 1 centimeter equals 10 millimeters, 18 centimeters equal 180 millimeters.

Which of the following is an example of the associative property of multiplication? A.ab+c=ba+c B.ab+c=c+ab C.(ab)c=a(bc) D.a(b+c)=ab+ac

C

What is the greatest odd factor of the number 2,112 ? A. 3 B. 21 C. 33 D.111

C (divide 2112 by all the numbers given, then choose largest whole number)

A shopper purchases one of each of the items in the list above at the prices indicated. Which of the following is closest to the change the shopper would receive after paying with a $20 bill? (Assume there is no sales tax.) A.$10 B.$11 C.$12 D.$13

C add all prices of items together, then subtract the total from the 20 dollar bill.

The population of a certain city was 50,000 people. One year later, the population of the same city grew to 50,600. What was the percent increase in the city's population in that one-year period? A. 0.6% B. 1.2% C. 6% D.12%

Correct Answer: B Option (B) is correct. The question requires an understanding of computing percent increase. The increase in the population of the city is 50,600−50,000=600people. The value of the fraction 600/50,000 gives the percent increase based on the population before the increase occurred. The fraction is equivalent to the decimal 0.012, which is equivalent to 1.2 percent.

Consider the algorithm shown. Step 1: Select a numerical value for the variable k.Step 2: Add 3 to k.Step 3: Multiply the result by 8.Step 4: Cube the result.Step 5: End. Executing the algorithm shown is equivalent to evaluating which of the following algebraic expressions? D. 83(k+3)3

D

The figure shows a ruler with inches marked and two line segments drawn. To the nearest eighth of an inch, how much longer, in inches, is the length of AB‾‾‾AB‾ than the length of CD‾‾‾CD‾ ? A. 3 3/4 B. 1 3/4 C. 1 5/8 D. 1 3/8

D

On Greg's map, 1 inch represents 30 miles, and on Lori's map, 1 inch represents 20 miles. The area of a 1-inch by 1-inch square represents how many more square miles on Greg's map than on Lori's map? A.100 B.250 C.400 D.500

D 1. (30x30=900) 2. (20x20=400) 3. (900-400=500)

In a certain year, 5 percent of the 2,800 employees of a company had a perfect attendance record. Which of the following computations can be used to determine the number of employees with a perfect attendance record? A. 1/40×2,800 B. 1/20×2,800 C. 1/5×2,800 D. 5×2,800

B (1 / 20 = .05, which is = to 5%)

A wholesale nut company makes 10-pound and 25-pound bags of trail mix. For the 10-pound bag, the company uses 3 pounds of raisins, and the rest is nuts. If the proportion of raisins to nuts is the same in the 25-pound bag as in the 10-pound bag, how many pounds of nuts does the company need for the 25-pound bag? A. 7.5 B.17.5 C.18.5 D.22.0

B (7/10=.7) (17.5/25=.7)

Elisa's number: 5,723,683 Troy's number: 2,678,533 Both Elisa and Troy wrote a number, as shown. The digit 7 in Elisa's number represents how many times what the digit 7 represents in Troy's number? A. 10 B. 100 C. 1,000 D. 10,000

Option (A) is correct.

Kyle's father set up a savings account for him with an initial balance of $100. Since then, Kyle has been depositing $28 into the account each week. Kyle represents the amount of money he has saved after x weeks by the expression 28x+100. Which of the following is equivalent to Kyle's expression? A.4(7x+25) B.7(4x+100)7 C.7(4x+25) D.4(7x+100)

Option (A) is correct. The question requires an understanding of algebraic expressions and the ability to manipulate them. Since both 28 and 100 are divisible by 4, 4 is a factor of the expression 28x+10028x+100. To arrive at the equivalent expression given in (A), the distributive property was applied to 28x+10028x+100. In fact, 28x+100=4×7x+4×25=4(7x+25)28x+100=4×7x+4×25=4(7x+25).

Which of the following lists the coefficients and degrees of the terms in the polynomial shown? A.Coefficients: 3, 7, −5−5; Degrees: 5, 3, 0 B.Coefficients: 3, 7, −5−5; Degrees: 5, 3, 1 C.Coefficients: 5, 3, 0; Degrees: 3, 7, −5−5 D.Coefficients: 5, 3, 1; Degrees: 3, 7, −5

Option (A) is correct. The question requires an understanding of algebraic terminology. The coefficients of the terms of a polynomial are the numbers by which the variables are multiplied. The degrees of the terms of a polynomial are the exponents to which the variables are raised. Therefore, the coefficients are 3, 7, and −5−5 and the degrees are 5, 3, and 0.

The community pool has a capacity of 50,000 gallons. It is leaking at a rate of 450 gallons per day. The equation g = 50,000 - 450d can be used to find the number of gallons g remaining in the pool after d days. Which of the following statements is true? A. g is the dependent variable because the volume is dependent on the number of days d. B. g is the independent variable because it is what needs to be found. C. d is the dependent variable because it is being multiplied by the independent rate of 450. D. Dependent and independent variables cannot be determined in this situation because the equation is linear.

Option (A) is correct. The question requires an understanding of dependent and independent variables within various formulas. The input of a function is referred to as the independent variable because the input can be any number. In this instance, the output, referred to as the dependent variable, is the number of gallons g remaining in the pool, because the volume depends on the input variable d, or the number of days since the pool started to leak.

If the perimeter of each of the seven regular hexagons in the figure shown is 18, what is the perimeter of the figure? A. 54 B. 63 C.108 D.126

Option (A) is correct. The question requires an understanding of geometric reasoning. Since each of the small hexagons in the figure is regular, each hexagon's sides are equal in length. Therefore, the length of any one hexagon's side is 18÷618÷6, or 3. The perimeter of the large figure shown is found by multiplying the number of exposed hexagon's sides by the length of one hexagon side. There are 18 exposed sides, and each one is 3 units long. Therefore, the perimeter of the figure is 18×318×3, or 54.

3y+2y What is the value of the algebraic expression shown wheny=5? A. 15 B. 25 C. 60 D. 85

Option (B) is correct. The question requires an understanding of algebraic expressions and the ability to manipulate them. To find the value of the given algebraic expression when y=5y=5, 5 must be substituted for yy in the expression. Therefore, (3x5)+(2x5)=25

The rectangular region shown in Figure 1 is cut along the dotted line and reassembled as shown in Figure 2. Which of the following statements about the area and perimeter of Figure 1 and Figure 2 is true? A.The area of Figure 1 is equal to the area of Figure 2, and the perimeter of Figure 1 is equal to the perimeter of Figure 2. B.The area of Figure 1 is equal to the area of Figure 2, and the perimeter of Figure 2 is greater than the perimeter of Figure 1. C.The area of Figure 1 is greater than the area of Figure 2, and the perimeter of Figure 1 is greater than the perimeter of Figure 2. D.The area of Figure 1 is greater than the area of Figure 2, and the perimeter of Figure 1 is equal to the perimeter of Figure 2.

Option (B) is correct. The question requires an understanding of area and perimeter. Since the two figures are composed of exactly the same subparts, their areas are equal. Figure 2 features the hypotenuses of the two triangles, each of which contributes additional length to the perimeter of Figure 2.

Which of the following has the greatest value? A. 5 thousands B. 53 hundreds C. 506 tens D.5,100 ones

Option (B) is correct. The question requires an understanding of place value. By writing each of the answer choices as a numeral, you can compare the four numbers and decide which is the greatest. 5 thousands is the same as 5 times 1,000, or 5,000. 53 hundreds is the same as 53 times 100, or 5,300. 506 tens is the same as 506 times 10, or 5,060. 5,100 ones is the same as 5,100 times 1, or 5,100. 53 hundreds is the greatest of the numbers given.

x y -1 1 0 0 Adam says that the function rule is y=−xy=-x, Belinda says that the function rule is y=−x2y=-x2, and Chandra says that the function rule is y=−x2−2xy=-x2-2x. Which of the three equations could be the function rule for the table? A. Adam's only B. Adam's and Chandra's only C. Belinda's and Chandra's only D. Adam's, Belinda's, and Chandra's

Option (B) is correct. The question requires an understanding of the concept of function and its definition. A function is a rule that establishes a relationship between two quantities: the input and the output. To find out whether or not Adam's function could be the rule for the given table, it is necessary to substitute each pair of values, (0,0)0,0 and (−1,1)-1,1, into y=−xy=-x to verify whether or not the substitution gives the correct output. This process must be repeated for both Belinda's function and for Chandra's function. It is easy to see that (0,0)0,0 satisfies all three rules.Since 1=−(−1)1=--1, the pair (−1,1)-1,1 satisfies Adam's function rule.Since 1 =−(−1)2−2(−1)=−1+2=1=--12-2-1=-1+2=1, the pair (−1,1)-1,1 also satisfies Chandra's function rule. The pair (−1,1)-1,1 does not satisfy Belinda's rule, since 1≠−(−1)2=−11≠--12=-1.

In which quadrant is the point (−8,2) located? A.Quadrant I B.Quadrant II C.Quadrant III D.Quadrant IV

Option (B) is correct. The question requires an understanding of the coordinate plane. Since points in the second quadrant have a negative x-coordinate and a positive y-coordinate, the point with coordinates (−8,2) is located in quadrant II.

A two-dimensional net of a certain three-dimensional figure includes five faces, nine edges, and six vertices. Which of the following three-dimensional figures is represented by the net? A. Triangular pyramid B. Triangular prism C. Rectangular pyramid D. Rectangular prism

Option (B) is correct. The question requires an understanding of three-dimensional geometry. Triangular pyramids and rectangular prisms have four and six faces, respectively. Triangular prisms have five faces: two are triangles, and three are quadrilaterals. Rectangular pyramids also have five faces: one is a rectangle, and four are triangles. Triangular prisms have nine edges, while rectangular pyramids only have eight edges.

If one cup of soup costs 2 dollars, which of the following represents the number of cups of soup that can be purchased with d dollars? A. 2d2d B. d/2 C.d100×2d100×2 D.100×d2

Option (B) is correct. This question requires an understanding of algebraic representations. The number of dollars spent divided by the number of dollars per cup of soup gives the number of cups of soup purchased. Therefore, the number of cups of soup that can be purchased with d dollars is d/2

Which of the following is demonstrated by the figure shown? 1/1 1/2 1/3 1/4 A.When the numerator stays the same and the denominator increases, the fraction increases. B.When the numerator stays the same and the denominator increases, the fraction decreases. C.When the denominator stays the same and the numerator increases, the fraction increases. D.When the denominator stays the same and the numerator increases, the fraction decreases.

Option (B) is correct.The question requires an understanding of fractions and how to use geometrical representations to compare fractions. All of the fractions shown are unit fractions; that is, fractions in which the numerator is 1. The models accompanying each of the four given fractions are called tape models. In a tape model, the length of the tape represents one whole. This whole can then be divided into pieces of equal lengths, and the length of each piece represents a unit fraction. The way in which the models are organized and displayed shows that the length that represents the fractional part of the whole becomes shorter as the whole is subdivided into more parts of equal length. This is a pictorial representation that demonstrates that if the numerator of a set of fractions is fixed and does not change, the size of the number represented by the fractions will decrease as the denominators are increased.

Which of the following is equal to 5(100)?5(100)? A. 0 B. 1 C. 5 D.50

Option (C) is correct. (10 to the power of 0 = 1)

1 52 2 79 3 44 4 110 5 90 6 68 7 125 8 96 9 88 Bobby runs a small store. The total number of customers who shopped at the store during each of nine consecutive weeks is recorded in the chart shown. If the number of customers who shopped at the store during the tenth week were included in the data, the mean and median of the data would change but the range would not change. Which of the following could be the number of customers who shopped at the store during the tenth week? A. 39 B. 41 C. 73 D.132

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of basic statistical concepts. The range is obtained by subtracting the smallest value, 44, from the largest value, 125. In order to modify the mean and median but not the range, the number of customers that shopped at the store during the tenth week must be greater or equal to 44 and less than or equal to 125.

Bill went to sleep at 9:57 P.M. and awoke the next morning at 6:28 A.M. For how many hours and minutes did he sleep? A.9 hours and 31 minutes B.9 hours and 25 minutes C.8 hours and 31 minutes D.8 hours and 25 minutes

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of calculating with standard units of time. Bill slept for 3 minutes from 9:57 P.M. until 10:00 P.M. and for 2 hours from 10:00 P.M. until 12:00 A.M. (midnight). Then he slept another 6 hours and 28 minutes until 6:28 A.M. This adds up to 8 hours and 31 minutes.

Which of the following is the product of two even numbers and an odd number, each of which is greater than 1 ? A.15 B.16 C.20 D.21

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of factors of natural numbers. The question requires a determination of the number that has two even factors and one odd factor. The even numbers need not be unique. In (C), 20=2×2×520=2×2×5; 20 can be written as the product of 2, 2, and 5, so 20 can be written as the product of two even numbers and one odd number. In (A), 15=3×515=3×5, and in (D), 21=3×721=3×7; 15 and 21 do not have any even factors. In (B), 16=2×2×2×216=2×2×2×2; 16 does not have any odd factors.

Which of the following graphs in the xy-plane could be used to solve graphically the inequality x−2<−2(x+1)x−2<−2(x+1) and shows the solution to the inequality?

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of inequalities and the ability to solve them graphically. The given inequality is equivalent to x−2<−2x−2x−2<−2x−2, which is equivalent to 3x<03x<0, which yields x<0x<0. A way to solve the given inequality graphically is to consider the equations y=x−2y=x−2 and y=−2(x+1)y=−2(x+1). The graphs of the two equations in the xy-coordinate plane are lines. The solution to the inequality is the set of points (a,0)(a,0) on the x-axis for which the point (a,a−2)(a,⁢a−2) is "below" the point (a,−2(a+1))(a,−2(a+1)); that is, when the graph of the line y=x−2y=x−2 is "below" the graph of the line y=−2(x+1)y=−2(x+1).

If the geometric sequence below continues to increase in the same way, what is the next number in the sequence? 2, 6, 18, 54, 162, ... A.243 B.324 C.486 D.729

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of patterns and the ability to find and use a pattern rule. A geometric sequence is a sequence for which the ratio between consecutive terms is constant. The generic rule for a geometric sequence can be written as an=a1(r)n−1an=a1(r)n−1, for n≥1n≥1, where a1a1is the initial term and r is the ratio. In this case the initial term is 2 and the ratio is 3, so the sequence rule can be expressed as an=2(3)n−1an=2(3)n−1, for n≥1n≥1. Another way of representing the same sequence is a1=2a1=2 and an=3an−1an=3an−1, for n≥2n≥2. The next number in the sequence is then a6=3a5=3×162=486a6=3a5=3×162=486.

The Statue of Liberty casts a shadow that is 37 meters long at the same time that a nearby vertical 5-meter pole casts a shadow that is 2 meters long. Based on shadow height, the height, in meters, of the Statue of Liberty must be within which of the following ranges? A.115 meters to 120 meters B.105 meters to 110 meters C. 90 meters to 95 meters D. 60 meters to 65 meters

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of proportions. The ratio between the height of the Statue of Liberty and the length of its shadow is equal to the ratio between the height of the pole and the length of its shadow. The proportion will look like this (where L represents the height of the Statue of Liberty): L37=52L37=52. Multiplying both sides by 37 and then simplifying both sides of the equation gives you L=92.5 mL=92.5 m. Note that other proportions can be set up, such as statue height (L) divided by pole height (5 meters) equals statue shadow length (37 meters) divided by pole shadow length (2 meters). This will also give the correct result. (5/2 x L/37; cross multiply and divide to get 92.5)

If 125+4x=7y125+4x=7y, what is x in terms of y ? A.x=4(7y−125)x=4(7y−125) B.x=4(7y+125)x=4(7y+125) C.x=(7y−125)÷4x=(7y−125)÷4 D.x=(7y+125)÷4

Option (C) is correct. The question requires an understanding of solving an equation for a given variable. To find x in terms of y, the equation 125+4x=7y125+4x=7y must be transformed so that the variable x is isolated, or by itself, on one side of the equal sign. Subtracting 125 from both sides of 125+4x=7y125+4x=7y yields 4x=7y−1254x=7y−125. Dividing both sides of 4x=7y−1254x=7y−125 by 4 yields x=(7y−125)÷4x=(7y−125)÷4. The variable x is now expressed in terms of y.

Wai tossed a fair coin 9 times with an outcome of H H T T T T H H H, where H means heads and T means tails. What is the probability that the next toss will be T ? A.0.2 B.0.4 C.0.5 D.1.0

Option (C) is correct. This question requires an understanding of basic probability. If a coin is fair, the probability of tossing heads is the same as the probability of tossing tails. There are only two possible outcomes, so the probability of tossing tails is 1212. The number 1212 can also be written as 0.5. Please note that since each toss of the coin is an independent event, which means that the previous results do not affect the current toss of the coin, each time the coin is tossed, the probabilities of H or T would always be the same, 0.5.

The Clearbrook Wildcats basketball team scored an average of 77 points in four games. In the first three games, the team scored 70, 76, and 82 points. How many points did they score in their last game? A.70 B.76 C.77 D.80

Option (D) is correct. The question requires an understanding of average (or arithmetic mean) and the ability to set up and solve several computations. An average of 77 points in four games means that they scored a total of 77 times 4, or 308 points. Since the scores for the first three games are given as 70, 76, and 82 points, it is necessary to add these up (228 points) and subtract from the four-game total of 308 points. This leaves 80 points for the last game's score.

2, 3, a3, a4, a5, ... The first two terms of the sequence shown are 2 and 3. Each subsequent term, beginning with the third, is found by adding the two preceding terms and multiplying the sum by −2-2. What is the value of a5a5, the fifth term of the sequence? A. -14 B. -12 C. -10 D. -8

Option (D) is correct. The question requires an understanding of following a rule to continue a sequence of numbers. The first term is 2, the second term is 3, and the third term is found by adding 2 and 3 and multiplying the result by −2-2. So the third term is −10-10. The fourth term is found by adding 3 and −10-10 and multiplying the sum by −2-2. The fourth term is, therefore −7-7 times −2-2, or 14. The fifth term is found by adding −10-10 and 14 and multiplying the sum by −2-2. The fifth term is, therefore, 4 times −2-2, or −8-8.

Sara went to the store to buy some clothes. She bought six shirts, half as many pairs of pants as shirts, and a fourth as many sweaters as shirts. How many pieces of clothing did Sara buy? Which of the following statements about the solution to the word problem shown must be true? A. Because of the real-world context, the solution must belong to the set of all rational positive numbers; therefore, the solution is acceptable. B. Because of the real-world context, the solution must belong to the set of all rational positive numbers; therefore, the solution is not acceptable. C. Because of the real-world context, the solution must belong to the set of all natural numbers; therefore, the solution is acceptable. D. Because of the real-world context, the solution must belong to the set of all natural numbers; therefore, the solution is not acceptable.

Option (D) is correct. The question requires an understanding of how to evaluate the reasonableness of a solution to a contextual word problem. The solution to the given word problem must belong to the set of all natural numbers because the unit is pieces of clothing, which is a positive and discrete unit. According to the word problem, Sara bought 6 shirts, 3 pairs of pants, and 112112 sweaters, totaling 10121012 pieces of clothing. The solution is, therefore, not acceptable since it is not a natural number.

Which of the following expresses 3/16 as a percent? A. 0.1875% B. 1.875% C. 5.33% D. 18.75%

Option (D) is correct. The question requires an understanding of percent and percentages. To convert a fraction to a percent, it is necessary to multiply the fraction by 100 and add a percent symbol. Since 316×100=18.75316×100=18.75, 316316 is equivalent to 18.75%. (3/16x100=18.75)

In the number 567,894, what is the value of the digit 6 ? A.Sixty B.Ten thousand C.Six thousand D.Sixty thousand

Option (D) is correct. The question requires an understanding of place value systems. Reading the number from left to right, the digit 4 is in the ones position and has a value of 4. The digit 9 is in the tens position and has a value of 90. The digit 8 is in the hundreds position and has a value of 800. The digit 7 is in the thousands position and has a value of 7,000. The digit 6 is in the ten-thousands position and has a value of 60,000.

Which of the following could be used to describe the polygon shown? A. Regular and convex B. Regular and concave C. Irregular and convex D. Irregular and concave

Option (D) is correct. The question requires an understanding of polygons and their properties. The polygon can be described as irregular because its sides are of different lengths, and the polygon can be described as concave because it is possible to connect two vertices of the polygon with a segment that is not contained in the interior of the polygon.

Which of the following are equivalent to dividing 288 by 24 ? Select all that apply. A. (288 ÷ 4) ÷ 6 B. 2(144 ÷ 24) C. (144 ÷12) + (144 ÷ 12) D. (240 ÷ 24) + (48 ÷ 24)

Options (A), (B), and (D) are correct. (288/24=12) do all of the equations and mark all of them that equal 12. Don't forget pemdas.

In the figure shown, quadrilateral ABFG is a square and quadrilateral FCDE is a rectangle. Which of the following statements must be true about the figure? Select all that apply. A. G lies on the x-axis. B. C lies on the y-axis. C. A is in the first quadrant. D. D is in the fourth quadrant. E. The area of the polygon ABCDEFG is 27 square units. F. The perimeter of the polygon ABCDEFG is 25 units.

Options (A), (D), and (E) are correct. The question requires an understanding of the coordinate plane and area of polygons. Since the x-axis is the horizontal axis, point G lies on the x-axis and has coordinates (-3, 0). The points in the fourth quadrant have a positive x-coordinate and a negative y-coordinate. Since point D has coordinates (4, -3), point D is in the fourth quadrant. The polygon is made of a square, a right triangle, and a rectangle. The length of the side of the square is 3 units; therefore, the area of the square is 9 square units. The lengths of the sides of the right triangle are 3 and 4 units, respectively; therefore, the area of the right triangle is 6 square units. The lengths of the sides of the rectangle are also 3 and 4 units, respectively; therefore, the area of the rectangle is 12 square units. Finally, the area of the polygon is the sum of the areas of its parts; that is, 9 + 6 + 12, or 27 square units.

Which of the following statements can be inferred from the graph shown? Select all that apply. A. For each country shown, exports to the United States increased each year from the previous year. B. The country that had the greatest yearly exports to the United States for each of the years shown had a three-year export total between $11 billion and $12 billion. C.The exports from Country A to the United States more than doubled from 1995 to 1997.

Options (B) and (C) are correct. The question requires an understanding of bar graphs and the ability to read and interpret them. The scale is in billions of dollars and rises in increments of $0.5 billion.The exports from Country C decreased a small amount from 1995 to 1996, so the statement in (A) cannot be inferred from the graph. The statements in (B) and (C) can be inferred, since Country B had the greatest yearly exports, for a three-year total of about $11.5 billion. Also, the exports from Country A more than doubled, going from $2 billion to just over $4 billion.

Tom's company has to ship 1,944 boxes of shoes. If a truck can hold 450 boxes, how many trucks does he need to ship all the boxes?

The correct answer is 5. 1944/450=4.32

Which of the following numbers is least? A.0.103 B.0.1041 C.0.1005 D.0.11

c

chicken chicken spaghetti chicken pizza pizza tacos chicken pizza pizza pizza tacos spaghetti tacos spaghetti tacos tacos spaghetti tacos tacos A teacher asked 20 students to name their favorite school lunch. The students' responses are shown in the table. The teacher then asked the students to organize and display the data in a bar graph. Which bar graph correctly displays the data? A. B. C. D.

c

xxf(x)fx100602445183012 Some values of the linear functionffare given in the table shown. What is the value off(100)f100? A. 30 B. 36 C. 40 D. 48

c (find difference between all x and all y pattern)