Prenatal Development

Lorna notices that her fetus has begun to kick and move. Her physician tells her that she can hear a heartbeat with a stethoscope. Lorna is most likely at what point in her pregnancy? A) 13-16 weeks B) 32-36 weeks C) 17-20 weeks D) 9-12 weeks

C) 17-20 weeks

Synapses are formed following the development of which of the following neural structures? A) Dendrites and Neurons B) Cell bodies and Dendrites C) Axons and Dendrites D) Cell bodies and axons

C) Axons and Dendrites

Which of the following is the best example of the expressiviity of genes? A) Manuel's tendency to be emotional is determined by recessive genes he received from both his parents B) Clara's blood type is AB because her mother was heterozygous for type B and her father was heterozygous for type A. C) Linda received a dominant gene for freckles from her father, but Linda's freckles are smaller, lighter, and more widely scattered than those of her father. D) Michelle and Michael are twins and they exhibit similar behaviors.

C) Linda received a dominant gene for freckles from her father, but Linda's freckles are smaller, lighter and more widely scattered than those of her father.

Janae and Sean are siblings who come from a family with a history of anxiety. Janae is somewhat anxious but generally takes things in stride. Sean, however, is always concerned about his health, his job, and his family even when there is no reason. Which of the following concepts proposed by Michael Rutter best explains the difference between Janae and Sean? A) Epilogical genetics B) Mitochondrial Inheritance C) Multifactorial Inheritance D) Dominant and recessive traits.

C) Multifactorial Inheritance.

Carmelita has smoked an average of one pack of cigarettes per day throughout her pregnancy. how is this likely to affect her fetus? A) The infant is likely to be born with physical disabilities B) The research is unclear as to the effect of smoking on fetuses C) The infant may weight less than normal at birth D) The infant with have an elevated risk for mental retardation and deafness.

C) The infant may weight less than normal at birth

Which of the following is associated with maternal malnutrition? A) The delayed expression of adaptive reflexes B) A decreased risk of delivering a low birth weight infant C) The development of mental illnesses in adulthood D) Brain abnormalities in which both the weight and volume of the brain are enlarged.

C) the development of mental illnesses in adulthood.

What is organogenesis? A) The process by which the cells will form the placenta, amnion, and umbilical cord begin to differentiate and form the beginnings of these structures. B) The process by which the basic structures of an embryo's sex organs (uterus, ovaries, penis, testes) are sufficiently formed to allow sex determination. C) The process by which the basic structures of the embryo's organs, organs systems, and body parts are completed.

C) the process by which the basic structures of the embryo's organs, organ systems and body parts are completed.

Which stage begins when implantation is complete and continues throughout organogenesis? A) Embryonic Stage B) Teratogenic Stage C) Germinal Stage D) Fetal Stage

A) Embryonic Stage.

Which of the following correctly lists the stages of prenatal development in order of progression? A) Germinal, Embryonic, Fetal B) Fetal, Embryonic, Germinal C) Embryonic, Fetal, Germinal D) Zygotic, Germinal, Embryonic.

A) Germinal, Embryonic, Fetal

What is the term used to describe an individual's whole set of observable characteristics? A) Phenotype B) Omnitype C) Genotype

A) Phenotype

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn from the Cat in the Hat studies? A) That newborn infants respond to sounds that they heard during the last trimester of development B) That newborn infants prefer the sound of their mothers' voice over that of strangers C) That developing fetuses are able to hear, but they can not distinguish between differing sounds D) That developing fetuses are unable to hear.

A) That newborn infants respond to sounds that they heard during the last trimester of development.

A blastocyst is floating inside of Daria's uterus. In what stage is Daria's pregnancy? A) Germinal B) Embryonic C) Fetal D) Zygotic

A) germinal

Your friend is taking Accutane for her adult acne. She comes to you and says that she things she is pregnant. What is the best advice that you can give her? A) It is best to see her doctors as soon as possible to determine whether or not the drug is safe B) Not to worry as Accutane has been proved safe for pregnant women C) As long as she is getting adequate nutrition and taking prenatal vitamins, she shouldn't worry about drug effects on the fetus. D) Accutane is likely to cause skin disorders in her fetus, so she should stop taking it.

A) it is best to see her doctor as soon as possible to determine whether or not the drug is safe.

When does the developing fetus begin to respond to sound? A) 22-26 weeks B) 13-16 weeks C) 36-40 weeks D) 6-10 weeks

B) 13-16 weeks

What does current research say about smoking during pregnancy? A) Nicotine is powerfully addictive, and smoking mothers risks giving birth to an addicted neonate who would experience respiratory distress, asthma, or emphysema B) Pregnant women should quit smoking because infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy weigh an average of one-half pound less at birth. C) Nicotine has been liked to mental retardation in infants whose mothers smoked during their entire pregnancy. D) Infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy have higher rates of heart defects and lung defects.

B) Pregnant women should quit smoking because infants whose mothers smoked during pregnancy weigh an average of one-half pound less at birth.

Which of the following is associated with maternal malnutrition? A) The delayed expression of adaptive reflexes. B) The development of mental illnesses in adulthood. C) Brain adnormalities in which both the weight and volume of the brain are enlarged. D) A decreased risk of delivering a low birth weight infant.

B) The development of mental illnesses in adulthood.

Which of the following best describes neuronal proliferation? A) The rapid formation of nerves in the brain and spinal cord which take place during the first trimester. B) The rapid increase in the formation of neurons which takes place between 10 and 18 weeks of gestation C) The rapid increase in the formation of neurons which takes place between 8 and 12 weeks of gestation D) The spreading of peripheral nerves from the central nervous system which takes place between 10 and 18 weeks of gestation

B) The rapid increase in the formation of neurons which takes place between 10 and 18 weeks of gestation

Nadia is exposed to high levels of radiation during the 6th, 7th, and 8th weeks of gestation. Which of the following organ structures in the fetus are most likely to show adnormalities? A) Only the brain and spinal cord B) Virtually all organ systems are vulnerable during this time. C) The heart and lungs D) the palate of the mouth and the ears.

B) Virtually all organ systems are vulnerable during this time.

Mrs. Lincoln is receiving information and advice about prenatal care from her health care team. With regard to alcohol, what advice will they most likely give her? A) Limit drinking to two drinks per week B) Drink only in moderation C) Avoid liquors such as whiskey and bourbon, but beer and wine in moderation are acceptable D) Avoid alcohol entirely

D) Avoid alcohol entirely

The embryonic stage of gestation covers what time period? A) The first trimester. B) the first month C) The first 3-8 months D) The first 3-8 weeks

D) The first 3-8 weeks.