Prep U Ch. 22 Pharmacaology
Which client statement reflects an understanding of typical length of antipsychotic medication therapy?
"I may always have to take this medication."
A black, male client routinely takes haloperidol to manage his psychosis. Recently, he presented to the health care provider's (HCP's) office with signs of tardive dyskinesia, and his HCP modified the drug regimen over time. The client will now take the drug olanzapine and discontinue the haloperidol. What will the nurse tell the client to help decrease his anxiety about the new drug regimen?
"When compared with haloperidol, olanzapine has been associated with fewer extrapyramidal reactions in black clients."
The nurse expects to monitor a client's white blood count weekly when the client is prescribed:
Clozapine
A 28-year-old woman has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. The health care provider has prescribed a typical antipsychotic, haloperidol. Which will the nurse include in the teaching related to the most common adverse effects?
Extrapyramidal symptoms
The nurse is aware that CNS stimulants are prescribed for clients with ADHD because these medications have what effect on behavior and attention?
Improving
A client, prescribed dextroamphetamine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), has developed a common adverse effect of the medication since beginning therapy. Which initial intervention should the client be encouraged to implement?
Increase fiber intake.
A 10-year-old boy is taking dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) daily for ADHD. At each clinic visit, the nurse must assess the child. The priority assessment since he is on this medication would be which?
height and weight.
What assessment finding should lead the nurse to suspect that a client receiving antipsychotic therapy is developing tardive dyskinesia?
Lip smacking
A male client's health care provider orders antipsychotic medications for him. He experiences little or no side effects from the medications and is able to function successfully in both his home and work environments. Six weeks later, he is diagnosed with hepatitis B. He begins to experience adverse reactions to his medications. A possible reason for the adverse reactions might be that, in the presence of liver disease, what may happen?
Metabolism may be slowed and drug elimination half-lives prolonged, with resultant accumulation and increased risk of adverse effects.
A female client relates that she is taking diazepam for a muscle relaxant and modafinil for treatment of narcolepsy. Additionally, she informs you that she takes a contraceptive. As part of client education, the nurse would include:
Modafinil may decrease the effects of her contraceptive, and she may need to use other protection.
A client who was diagnosed with schizophrenia in 1962 was prescribed chlorpromazine. The client has been taking the medication for more than 40 years. What adverse effect will the client most likely experience?
Tardive dyskinesia
A nurse observes rhythmic, involuntary facial movements in a patient who has been administered antipsychotic drugs. The patient also makes chewing movements and, at times, his tongue protrudes. What is the most likely reason for the patient's behavior?
Tardive dyskinesia
A 24-year-old client is being seen in the emergency department because of a high fever and cannot move the right arm. During the history-taking process, The nurse discovers the client is being treated with an antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia. The nurse knows that what may be happening with this client?
The client may be having a neuroleptic malignant syndrome reaction to his antipsychotic medication and needs treatment immediately.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving drug therapy for a psychotic disorder. Which goals should the nurse include in a care plan for the patient following discharge from the hospital?
The patient will take medications as prescribed.
A client is being treated with clozapine. What should the nurse monitor most closely?
White blood cell count
A client with schizophrenia has been taking haloperidol for several years. The care team and the client have collaborated and chosen to transition the client to an atypical antipsychotic in an effort to reduce adverse effects and maximize therapeutic effects. In order to reduce the client's risk of extrapyramidal effects during the transition from haloperidol to an atypical antipsycotic, the care team should implement which intervention?
gradually taper the dose of haloperidol
A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking haloperidol. The patient has orders for a new drug, and the nurse notes that it is highly protein bound. The nurse will plan care based on a(n):
increased risk for toxic effects of haloperidol therapy.
A 13-year-old has been prescribed dextroamphetamine for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) since age 10, achieving significant improvements in behavior and mood. When assessing the child during a scheduled follow-up appointment, the nurse should prioritize what physical assessment to monitor for a potential adverse reaction to the therapy?
measurement of height and body weight
What behavior would cause the nurse to suspect a client is demonstrating an extrapyramidal effect (EPS) of antipsychotic drug therapy? Select all that apply.
repeated, involuntary twisting of the arms near-constant lip smacking inability to stay seated for any length of time
A client has been treated with chlorpromazine for many years. The nurse observes that a client with a long history of chlorpromazine therapy demonstrates lip smacking and appears to be chewing continually. The nurse should recognize that this client is likely experiencing what adverse effect of the medication?
tardive dyskinesia