Prep-U Chapter 13

Which is the most common cause of symptomatic hypomagnesemia?

Alcoholism

Which intervention is most appropriate for a client with an arterial blood gas (ABG) of pH 7.5, a partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) of 26 mm Hg, oxygen (O2) saturation of 96%, bicarbonate (HCO3-) of 24 mEq/L, and a PaO2 of 94 mm Hg?

Instruct the client to breathe into a paper bag.

The nurse is caring for four clients on a medical unit. The nurse is most correct to review which client's laboratory reports first for an electrolyte imbalance?

A 52-year-old with diarrhea

A nurse correctly identifies a urine specimen with a pH of 4.3 as being which type of solution?

Acidic

To confirm an acid-base imbalance, it is necessary to assess which findings from a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results? Select all that apply.

-pH -HCO3 -PaCO2

Which is considered an isotonic solution?

0.9% normal saline

Which is an insensible mechanism of fluid loss?

Breathing

A patient complains of tingling in the fingers as well as feeling depressed. The nurse assesses positive Trousseau's and Chvostek's signs. Which decreased laboratory results does the nurse observe when the patient's laboratory work has returned?

Calcium

Which findings indicate that a client has developed water intoxication secondary to treatment for diabetes insipidus?

Confusion and seizures

What foods can the nurse recommend for the patient with hypokalemia?

Fruits such as bananas and apricots

An elderly client takes 40 mg of Lasix twice a day. Which electrolyte imbalance is the most serious adverse effect of diuretic use?

Hypokalemia

Which is a correct route of administration for potassium?

Oral

The calcium concentration in the blood is regulated by which mechanism?

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Which electrolyte is a major cation in body fluid?

Potassium

A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client admitted with pneumonia: pH, 7.51; PaCO2, 28 mm Hg; PaO2, 70 mm Hg; and HCO3--, 24 mEq/L. What do these values indicate?

Respiratory alkalosis

A patient with diabetes insipidus presents to the emergency room for treatment of dehydration. The nurse knows to review serum laboratory results for which of the diagnostic indicators?

Sodium level of 150 mEq/L

Treatment of FVE involves dietary restriction of sodium. Which of the following food choices would be part of a low-sodium diet, mild restriction (2 to 3 g/day)?

Three ounces of light or dark meat chicken, 1 cup of spaghetti and a garden salad

A patient is diagnosed with hypocalcemia. The nurse advises the patient and his family to immediately report the most characteristic manifestation. What is the most characteristic manifestation?

Tingling or twitching sensation in the fingers

A nurse is reviewing a report of a client's routine urinalysis. Which value requires further investigation?

Urine pH of 3.0

Which of the following may be the first sign of respiratory acidosis in anesthetized patients?

Ventricular fibrillation

A client is taking spironolactone to control hypertension. The client's serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. What is the nurse's priority during assessment?

electrocardiogram (ECG) results

When evaluating arterial blood gases (ABGs), which value is consistent with metabolic alkalosis?

pH 7.48