Prep U Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing Chapter 22: Neurodevelopmental Disorders

When a client repeatedly vocalizes an obscene phrase and imitates the motions of a staff member, the nurse documents that the client is most likely exhibiting symptoms of what disorder?

Tourette's syndrome

After educating a group of students on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the instructor determines that additional education is required when the group identifies which as a typical characteristic?

Language difficulty

The mental health nurse assesses for the most common mental health disorder found in children when asking which question?

"Do you ever get scolded at school for not sitting still?

A child with an existing diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder shows signs and symptoms of depression. Which would most likely be prescribed?

Selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SSNRI)

When performing a spiritual assessment on a child, the nurse and child discuss church attendance and practices that are most important to the child. Which domain is the nurse addressing when doing this assessment?

Social

Which type of intervention may be helpful for children who are bullies?

Social skills training

Which is a disturbance of the normal fluency and time patterning of speech?

Stuttering

The nurse expects the child with expressive language disorder is likely to present with which nursing assessment finding?

The child has difficulty forming complete sentences.

A 6-year-old client who has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder would be expected to display which behavior?

The client spends time alone and shows little interest in making friends.

The parents of a 2-year-old child complain to the nurse that their child is always dismantling toys, scribbling on the walls, and running all around the place and that it is very difficult to control the child's behavior. What is the most appropriate response from the nurse?

"At this child's age, these behaviors are expected."

A nurse tells the child and caregiver that the nurse will interview each of them separately. The caregiver questions why this needs to occur. What is the nurse's best response?

"Both interviews provide unique and meaningful information."

A nurse is assessing a 7-year-old child in a school. The nurse suspects that the child has an insecure relationship with the parents. Which statement said by the child would have led the nurse to this conclusion?

"Please don't tell my mom anything we've talked about."

A child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prescribed methylphenidate. The parent reports that the child is having trouble sleeping. When assessing this report, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to ask?

"When does the child take the last dose of medication?"

A nurse has been asked to identify children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a school. Which children should the nurse identify as having ADHD? Select all that apply.

A child who makes excessive noise by tapping the desk A child who does not follow instructions in class

A nurse is using limit setting with a child hospitalized for a psychiatric disorder. Which statement made by the nurse would reflect appropriate limit setting? Select all that apply.

1. "Swearing is not allowed here on the unit." 2. "You will lose television privileges for 24 hours if you ignore a unit rule." 3. "When you feel like swearing come and talk to me."

A nurse is developing the plan of care for a 6-year-old child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). The nurse identifies interventions to address which behavior issues? Select all that apply.

1. Refusal to acknowledge others' right to select group activities 2. Thoughtless habit of not waiting for a turn 3. Frequent acting out during class "quiet time" 4. Temper tantrums when asked to clean up the child's room

Assessment of an 8-year-old client reveals communication difficulties and an inability to manage age-appropriate tasks. The child undergoes standardized testing. An intelligent quotient (IQ) of which would support a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

65

Below average intellectual functioning is initially diagnosed when an intelligence quotient (IQ) is below which level?

70

When describing intellectual disability to a group of parents, a nurse would identify which intelligent quotient (or less) as the usual threshold?

70

The parent of an 8-year-old client was concerned that the child may have an intellectual disability. The parent reports that the child has difficulty communicating. Which finding would confirm a diagnosis of intellectual disability?

An intelligence quotient (IQ) of 70 or below

Which medication classification is used in the treatment of tic disorders?

Antipsychotics

After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacotherapy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the instructor determines that the education was successful when they identify which agent as the first line choice?

Atomoxetine

When working with children with neurodevelopmental disorders, which would be appropriate?

Building on the child's strength

A nurse is assessing a child who had an episode of passing feces in the classroom. The child has no other disabilities. The nurse concludes that the child had intentional encopresis. Which other condition is the child likely to have?

Conduct disorder

Which term describes the use of socially unacceptable words, which are frequently obscene?

Coprolalia

Nurses who work in a pediatric psychiatric-mental health facility should do what?

Develop self-awareness of issues that remind them of their own childhood and adolescence.

The nurse working with pediatric clients knows the importance of checking for developmental delays, which not only slow the child's progress but also are often associated with what?

Development of poor self-esteem

A nurse is assessing an 8-year-old child. The child is unable to dress the self and is not able to manipulate toys, such as building blocks. The child stutters while talking. The child does not have impaired motor coordination. What is the most likely diagnosis of the child?

Developmental coordination disorder

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old client who was sexually abused at 7 years old. The nurse knows that children who are sexually abused are at increased risk for which condition?

Dissociative disorders

A nurse is assessing a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. When assessing the child's communication, which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Echolalia Delayed language skills

Which aspect of managing a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may often be overlooked in the treatment plan?

Effects on siblings

The nurse is assessing a child with autism spectrum disorder. After reading the medical history, the nurse finds that the child engages in stereotypical motor behavior. Which observation of the child made by the nurse might be indicative of stereotypical motor behavior?

Flapping hands repeatedly

A nurse is studying the brain images of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In these images, the nurse would find abnormalities related to which area of the brain?

Frontal lobe

The parents of a toddler are distraught that the toddler has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. When providing care for the child and the parents, the nurse understands that autism spectrum disorder is thought to be caused by what?

Genetic factors

After teaching a group of nursing students about intellectual disability, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which as the most common etiology?

Genetic syndromes

A child is taking methylphenidate for treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which side effect much be monitored in this child?

Growth delays

A child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been prescribed dextroamphetamine. For what effects should the nurse tell the parents to monitor the child? Select all that apply.

Insomnia Weight loss Appetite suppression

An adolescent client says the client has become bored with the video game that has been used as a reward for positive behavior. Which is the most effective intervention for this client?

Let the client choose another reward that would be more fun.

Which medication is the most effective treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Methylphenidate

Which is an inattentive behavior seen in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Missing details

The nurse is counseling a family whose child has autism. When describing this condition, which would the nurse most likely include?

Onset before child is 2.5 years old

A nurse is assessing a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Which assessment finding is the nurse likely to see in this child? Select all that apply.

Overactivity Impulsiveness

The nurse is teaching a client's parents about managing the child's tic disorder. The nurse explains that it is extremely important for the child to get plenty of rest. What is the primary reason for the nurse to provide this education? Choose the best answer.

Physical stress and fatigue can increase symptoms in tic disorder.

The nurse understands the importance of developing rapport with family members before the evaluation when caring for children with psychiatric disorders. The main reason for doing this is what?

Reducing anxiety

A nursing student is aware that which accounts for more deaths, illnesses, and disabilities across the life span than any other preventable condition?

Substance abuse disorders

The parents of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) bring the child for a follow-up visit. During the visit, they tell the nurse that the child receives the first dose of methylphenidate at about 7:30 a.m. every morning before leaving for school. The teacher and school nurse have noticed a return in the child's overactivity and distractibility just before lunch. The child's second dose is scheduled for about 12 p.m. Which might the nurse suggest as a possible solution to control the child's symptoms a bit more effectively?

Switch to a longer-acting preparation.

A 7-year-old client experiences tics, which have become increasingly frequent in recent months. How should the nurse educate the client's teacher to respond to the tics?

Teach the client's classmates that the tics are not something that the client can control.

A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which findings does the nurse expect to find on assessment? Select all that apply.

The child avoids eye contact. The child does not relate to parents. The child becomes upset with minor changes in routine.

A nurse is working with a child undergoing behavioral modification therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse finds that the child is thin. What could be the most likely reason for this observation?

The child cannot sit through meals.

The nurse is assessing a child with tic disorder. The nurse documents in the assessment sheet that the child exhibits coprolalia. What might be be interpreted from this?

The child continuously repeats socially unacceptable words.

A nurse is caring for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The child is given medication and behavioral modification therapy to treat the condition. Which outcome achieved within 3 days would indicate successful therapy?

The child is able to complete assignments or tasks with assistance.

A nurse is speaking to the peers of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse finds that these children do not like the child and do not want to include the child during play. What are the likely reasons for the children feeling this way? Select all that apply.

The child is not cooperative while playing. The child constantly interrupts while playing. The child doesn't follow the rules of the game.

A nurse is assessing a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). For every question asked by the nurse, the child answers, "I don't know." What is the most likely reason for the child to respond in this way?

The child is not paying attention to the nurse's questions.

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with involuntary enuresis about methods to manage the condition. Which intervention does the nurse recommend to the parents?

The child should use pads with a warning bell.

A nurse is caring for a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The nurse asks the child to draw pictures of the child and family members. What is the most likely rationale for this intervention?

To help the child self-express

Which are nursing actions that support active listening? Select all that apply.

Use appropriate vocabulary Use reflective comments