PrepU Ch 23 quiz
Nurses wear personal protective equipment to protect themselves and patients from infectious materials. Which examples accurately represent the proper use of personal protective equipment in a health care agency? (Select all that apply.)
-To remove a gown, nurses should unfasten ties, if at the neck and back, and allow the gown to fall away from shoulders. -During some care activities for an individual patient, nurses may need to change gloves more than once. -Nurses should remove PPE at the doorway or in an anteroom except for the respirator.
Which of the following are names of the transmission-based precautions defined by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)? Select all that apply.
Airborne Precautions Droplet Precautions Contact Precautions
The nurse caring for clients at an outpatient clinic determines which of the following clients is at greatest risk for infection?
An 80-year-old woman Age, race, sex, and heredity all influence susceptibility to infection. Neonates and older adults tend to be most vulnerabe to infection, so the 80-year-old woman is the client most at risk for infection.
Which of the following patients presents the most significant risk factors for the development of Clostridium difficile infection?
An 81-year-old patient who has been receiving multiple antibiotics for the treatment of sepsis
Which of the following masks should the nurse don when caring for a client with tuberculosis?
Filtered respirator
Which of the following pieces of personal protective equipment should be removed first?
gloves
Which of the following practices is a correct application of infection control practices?
A nurse performs handwashing each time she removes a pair of gloves
Surgical asepsis is defined as
Absence of all microorganisms Surgical asepsis refers to sterile technique and indicates procedures used to eliminate any microorganisms.
When a nurse picks up a client's contaminated tissue without gloves and fails to wash his hands sufficiently, the nurse provides for the client's organisms to be spread by which type of transmission?
Contact Direct contact involves body surface-to-body surface contact, causing the physical transfer of organisms between an infected or colonized host and a susceptible host Taylor, C., et al. Fundamentals of Nursing, 8th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2015, pp. 534-535
You have completed an intervention with a patient. There is no visible soiling on your hands. Which of the following techniques is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) for hand hygiene?
Decontaminate hands using an alcohol-based hand rub.
A nurse is taking care of a client with tuberculosis who has developed resistance to the ordered antibiotic. Which type of client is most likely at increased risk for infection?
Elderly Long-term care residents and elderly hospitalized clients are at increased risk for antibiotic-resistant infections. Pneumonia, influenza, urinary tract and skin infections, and TB are common in older people, especially residents of long-term care facilities. These infectious diseases are not commonly seen in young adults, children, or pregnant women admitted to health care facilities.
Upon review of a patient's microbiology culture results, the nurse recognizes which organism as indicative of normal flora?
Escherichia coli in the intestinal tract
Which nursing action is a component of medical asepsis?
Handwashing after removing gloves
To eliminate needlesticks as potential hazards to nurses, the nurse should
Immediately deposit uncapped needles into puncture-proof plastic container
The nurse working with the hospital's infection control team is attempting to decrease the transmission of health care-associated pathogens. Which of the following will be most effective?
Incentivizing health care workers to utilize hand hygiene Most health care-associated pathogens are transmitted via the contaminated hands of health care workers. Therefore, the most effective strategies for decreasing transmission are those that educate or encourage health care workers to utilize effective hand hygiene.
A nurse changing the linens of a patient bed is exposed to urine and performs hand hygiene. Which of the following is a guideline for performing this skill properly following this patient encounter?
Keep hands lower than elbows to allow water to flow toward fingertips.
The nurse caring for a client after hip surgery enters the room to take the client's vital signs. Which precaution(s) should the nurse use? (Select ALL that apply.)
Non-sterile gloves Hand hygiene When taking vital signs on a client after surgery, the nurse should practice hand hygiene. There is no need to use a gown or mask unless the client is diagnosed or suspected to have a transmittable infection. Since it is an aseptic versus sterile procedure, the nurse should use non-sterile gloves.
The nurse is completing a sterile dressing change on a confused client. During the procedure, the client reaches down and touches the contents of the open dressing kit. What should the nurse do?
Open a new sterile dressing kit
A nurse is caring for a client undergoing heart transplant surgery. Which handwashing technique is most effective for the nurse to use when caring for this client?
Perform surgical hand scrub using detergent. The nurse should wash her hands with the surgical hand scrub using detergent when caring for a client undergoing open-heart surgery. Washing hands with soap or detergent is used to remove soil and transient microorganisms. The hand antisepsis technique using antimicrobial soap, is used when caring for immunocompromised clients and all newborns. Alcohol-based rubs should be used in situations that do not involve surgery.
You are caring for a patient who has active tuberculosis (TB) and is in Airborne Precautions. The primary care provider orders a computed tomography (CT) examination of the chest. Which of the following actions by you is appropriate?
Place a surgical mask on the patient and transport to the CT department at the specified time.
A nurse has collected the blood, urine, and stool specimens of a client with meningococcal meningitis. Which of the following precautions should the nurse take when transporting the specimens?
Place the specimens into a plastic biohazard bag. Specimens should be placed in sealed plastic bags to prevent their becoming contaminated or causing the transmission of infective microorganisms. Paper bags are not used for this purpose and it is not customary to swab the outside of specimen containers. Standard precautions should be implemented, but this does not necessitate the use of a gown in all cases.
An infection-control nurse is discussing needlestick injuries with a group of newly hired nurses. The infection control nurse informs the group that most needlestick injuries result from which of the following?
Recapping a needle
The nurse suspecting that a client has an infected surgical wound should assess for which of the following? (Select ALL that apply.)
Redness Swelling Pain Exudate
Which of the following is an accurate guideline for the use of PPE?
Replace gloves if they are visibly soiled.
A client has an inguinal hernia repair and later develops a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. What is the most important factor to prevent this infection?
Surgical asepsis
The nurse planning to insert an indwelling urinary catheter into a client should utilize which of the following techniques?
Surgical asepsis Surgical asepsis, also known as sterile technique, is utilized to keep objects and areas free from microorganisms when performing surgery and procedures such as inserting an indwelling urinary catheter or IV catheter. Medical asepsis reduces the number and transfer of pathogens. Universal precautions and contact precautions help to decrease the risk of transmitting infection.
The nurses on a busy surgical ward use hand hygiene when caring for postsurgical patients. Which action represents the appropriate use of hand hygiene?
The nurse keeps fingernails less than ¼ inch long.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which nursing intervention promotes infection control based on the QSEN competency of safety?
The nurse places the patient in a private room with monitored negative air pressure When a client is diagnosed with tuberculosis it is important for the nurse to remember that the client should be placed in a private room with monitored negative air pressure. The client should not be placed in a room with the door open. The nurse must wear the appropriate respirator when caring for the client, but visitors must wear masks. Simply being 3 feet away will not keep the visitor from being exposed to the client. The nurse would use airborne precautions, not droplet precautions when caring for a client diagnosed with tuberculosis. pg551
The nurse conducting a hand hygiene in-service determines that the participants need additional education when they state that the use of an alcohol-based handrub is appropriate in which of the following situations?
When hands are visibly soiled
For which of the following patients would the use of Standard Precautions alone be appropriate?
An incontinent patient in a nursing home who has diarrhea Standard Precautions apply to blood and all body fluids, secretions, and excretions, except sweat. Transmission-Based Precautions are used in addition to Standard Precautions for patients hospitalized with suspected infection by pathogens that can be transmitted by airborne, droplet, or contact routes, such as is the case in answers A, B, and D.
The nurse is setting up a sterile field to perform a catheterization when the patient touches the end of the sterile field. What would be the nurse's next appropriate action?
Discard the sterile field and the supplies and start over.
A nurse is explaining the different procedures used to break the chain of infection to a nursing student. In which of the following links in the chain of infection should a nurse provide special attention to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts?
Exit route In the exit route, the nurse should provide special attention to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts and to body fluids. The vehicle of transmission involves careful nursing care that eliminates the transmission of pathogens between people. Port of entry involves nursing procedures that help to prevent pathogens from being allowed to enter a client's system. Susceptible host involves nursing actions that are aimed at increasing the client's resistance to disease.
A lead nurse is removing her personal protective equipment after dressing the infected wounds of a client. Which of the following is the highest priority nursing action?
Handwashing before leaving the client's room. The most important nursing action is to perform a thorough handwashing before leaving the client's room and before touching any other client, personnel, environmental surface, or client care items. Regardless of which garments they wear, nurses follow an orderly sequence for removing them. The procedure involves making contact between two contaminated surfaces or two clean surfaces. Nurses remove the garments that are most contaminated first, preserving the clean uniform underneath.
A nurse is in charge of patient care for a patient who has MRSA. Which of the following is an accurate guideline for using Transmission-Based Precautions when caring for this patient?
Wear gloves whenever entering the patient's room Contact precautions are used for patients who are infected or colonized by a microorganism that spreads by direct or indirect contact, such as MRSA, VRE, or VISA. Gloves should be worn when entering the patient's room. Use of negative air pressure and respiratory protection are appropriate with Airborne Precautions. Keeping visitors 3 feet away from the patient is a Droplet Precaution.