PrepU Questions- Fluids, Acids, & Bases

How is control over the extracellular concentration of potassium within the human body is exerted?

Aldosterone

Which of the following is not a hypertonic fluid? 3% Saline D5W 10% Dextrose in Water (D10W) 5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer's

D5W

A nurse is providing care to a client with hypocalcemia. The nurse would monitor the client's laboratory test results for which imbalance?

Hyperphosphatemia

When the cell presents with the same concentration on the inside and outside with no shifting of fluids this is called? Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic Osmosis

ISOTONIC

Most common type of catheter for home healthcare patients

PICC's and CVAD's

A decrease in arterial blood pressure will result in the release of?

Renin

D5W solutions are sometimes considered a hypotonic solution as well as an isotonic solution because after the body metabolizes the dextrose the solution acts as a hypotonic solution. TRUE/FALSE

True

After surgery, a client is on IV therapy for the next 4 days. How often should the nurse change the IV tubing for this client?

every 72 hours

The nurse is caring for a client who was found without food or water for 2 days in the desert. What explanation for the need for fluid does the client have?

facilitates cellular metabolism acts as a solvent for electrolytes helps maintain normal body temperature

What type of fluid would a patient with severe hyponatremia most likely be started on? Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic Colloid

hypertonic

_______ solutions cause cell dehydration and help increase fluid in the extracellular space. Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic Osmosis

hypertonic

________ fluids remove water from the extracellular space into the intracellular space. Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic Colloids

hypotonic

When the cell presents with the same concentration on the inside and outside with no shifting of fluids this is called? Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic Osmosis

isotonic

A group of nursing students is reviewing information about body fluid and locations. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as a function of intracellular fluid?

maintenance of cell size

A client who recently had surgery is bleeding. What blood product does the nurse anticipate administering for this client?

platelets

why would a patient be ordered an isotonic fluid

to increase ECF volume. patient has lost ECF from blood loss, dehydration, vomiting, diarrhea, surgery

A nurse is assessing a client and suspects an ECF volume excess. Which finding would the nurse identify as being most significant? weight gain of 0.75 kg in a day increased blood pressure bounding pulse slightly distended neck veins

weight gain of 0.75 kg in a day

Following preparation of the IV solution and tubing, what nursing actions would be performed by the nurse when selecting a site and palpating a vein to start an IV infusion?

-Select an appropriate site and palpate accessible veins. -Direct the ends of the tourniquet away from the site and check that the radial pulse is still present. -If a vein cannot be felt, release the tourniquet and have the client lower the arm below the level of the heart to fill the veins.

A nurse monitoring an IV infusion notes the signs and symptoms of a thrombus. Which nursing interventions would the nurse perform?

-Stop the infusion immediately. -Apply warm compresses as ordered by the primary care provider. -Restart the IV at another site.

A patient is being admitted with dehydration due to nausea and vomiting. Which fluid would you expect the patient to be started on? 0.9% Normal Saline 0.33% saline 0.225% saline 5% Dextrose in 0.9% Saline

0.9% NS

Rate of administration for packed red blood cells?

1 unit over 2-3 hours, no longer than 4 hours

A patient with cerebral edema would most likely be order what type of solution? 3% Saline 0.9% Normal Saline Lactated Ringer's 0.225% Normal Saline

3% saline

A nurse is assessing the central venous pressure of a client who has a fluid imbalance. Which reading would the nurse interpret as suggesting an ECF volume deficit?

3.5 cm H2O

A physician has asked the nurse to use microdrip tubing to administer a prescribed dosage of IV solution to a client. What is the standard drop factor of microdrip tubing?

60 drops/mL

A client is taking a diuretic such as furosemide. When implementing client education, what information should be included?

Decreased K+ levels

Which of the following conditions can lead to cell lyses if not properly monitored? Hypotonicity Hypertonicity Isotonicity None of the options are correct

Hypotonicity

When the nurse is starting an intravenous infusion on a client who will be receiving multiple intravenous antibiotics, which guideline should the nurse follow?

Use distal veins before proximal veins

The process of filtration begins at the

glomerulus

Which of the following patients would not be a candidate for a hypotonic solution? Patient with Diabetic Ketoacidosis Patient with increased intracranial pressure Patient experiencing Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia All of the options are correct

patient with increased ICP

When administering a hypertonic solution the nurse should closely watch for? Signs of dehydration Pulmonary Edema Fluid volume deficient Increased Lactate level

pulmonary edema

A client is prescribed warfarin, an anticoagulant. When educating this client about potential diet and drug interactions, the nurse would caution the client about foods containing which nutrient?

vitamin k