Prevention and use of ppe

All of the following are common ways that bloodborne pathogens are transmitted, EXCEPT?

Airborne particles in schools and offices

All of the following are considered a potentially infectious body fluid or a route of transmission for HIV, EXCEPT?

Airborne transmission

"Universal precautions" is an approach to infection control that is designed to reduce the risk of transmission of microorganisms in hospitals and other health care settings. Which of these statements BEST describes the intent of standard precautions?

All blood, tissue, body fluids, secretions (except sweat), and excretions should be considered potentially infectious and health care workers should use appropriate personal protective equipment and safe work practices when in direct contact with patients or any specimen types.

Standard precautions means that:

All specimens must be handled as if they are hazardous and infectious

The term "Contaminated Sharps" refers to:

Any contaminated object that can penetrate the skin

Which statement about work practice and/or engineering controls is correct?

Avoid eating, drinking, and applying makeup in the lab.

Guidelines recommend that laboratory specimens that can produce infectious aerosols must be processed using which of the following safety precautions?

Biological safety cabinet, lab coat, and gloves

Which of the following is considered an engineering control?

Biosafety cabinet

Which of the following statements about the HBV vaccine is INCORRECT?

Employers may require a fee to administer the vaccine.

Before disposing of a needle in the sharps containers, what should you do?

Engage the needle safety device

A rack of patient specimens has fallen off the counter, spilling several specimens. Which document should be consulted to ensure the area is properly cleaned and decontaminated?

Exposure Control Plan

Health care workers who enter airborne infection isolation rooms should use a N95 disposable mask, as shown on the right. All of the following are required for N95 mask use EXCEPT?

Have a tuberculin skin test

Which of the following infectious agents represent the greatest risk to the laboratory worker?

Hepatitis

Any health care worker who is expected to have contact with patient blood potentially infectious body fluids must be offered a vaccination for:

Hepatitis B

According to the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, how often should work surfaces in the laboratory be decontaminated with an appropriate disinfectant?

If blood or other potentially infectious material has spilled on the work surface

According to the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, when should work surfaces in the laboratory be decontaminated with an appropriate disinfectant?

If blood or other potentially infectious material has spilled on the work surface

Facial masks should be worn in the laboratory:

If mucous membrane contact is anticipated

All of the following examples require biohazard labeling except?

Individual specimen containers

The risk of laboratory-acquired infections with viruses, such as HIV-1, is a critical consideration. All of the following routes are considered modes of transmission with infected blood or other body fluids, EXCEPT?

Inhalation (airborne transmission)

What is the primary target of HBV?

Liver

Which organisms/conditions would be classified as Biosafety Level 3 agents?

Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Coxiella burnetti

Which of the following properly describes the use of needles?

Needle safety devices should always be used.

What percentage solution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is recommended as a routine laboratory disinfectant?

10%

What is the preferred solution for general disinfection of work surfaces in the clinical laboratory?

10% sodium hypochlorite

The agency of the Federal Government responsible for the development of the workplace safety guidelines is:

OSHA

Which of these United States' federal agencies has the responsibility of enforcing the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Which type of healthcare occupational exposure has the greatest risk of HIV transmission?

Percutaneous injury

Which personal protective equipment is mandated by OSHA to be used by healthcare workers when exposed to patients suspected or confirmed to have pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Respiratory protection

Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens can be prevented by which of the following means?

Using engineering controls and personal protective equipment (PPE).

Which of the following procedures is most effective in preventing the spread of infectious diseases in the hospital environment?

Washing hands in between each patient contact and wearing gloves.

Which of the following are considered engineering controls?

Self-sheathing needles

A small spill of blood has occurred that involves broken glass. Into which type of container should this be disposed?

Sharps container

Which of the following are considered engineering controls?

Sharps disposal container

Which one statement about Standard Precautions is most correct?

Standard Precautions means to treat blood, all body fluids, all secretions, all excretions, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes as if they were infectious.

All of the following pose a significant risk of transmitting bloodborne pathogens, EXCEPT?

Sweat

Which of the following body fluids is considered most unlikely to transmit a bloodborne pathogen such as hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus?

Sweat

All of the following are important in a laboratory infection control plan EXCEPT:

System for placing blame

What is the primary target of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)?

T-helper cells

Personal protective equipment is used to decrease risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens for the phlebotomist. When should the phlebotomist use gloves for a venipuncture?

With every venipuncture.