Preventions final Exam

explain the management of shock

1. Start EMS 2. keep airway open 3. control bleeding 4. elevate legs 5. maintain body temp

5 red flags indicating serious emergency

1. airway obstruction 2. respiratory failure 3. severe shock 4. excessive bleeding 5. loss of conscious

Identify five strategies for reducing the risk of dehydration during physical activity

1. drink cold liquids 2. avoid caffeine and alcohol 3. have unlimited fluids replenish lost fluids 24 oz per 1lb body weight

5 key areas used to develop a history of an injury

1. primary complaint 2. mechanism of injury 3. characteristics of symptoms 4. medical history 5. length of injury

PEARL assesses what symptoms

1. pupils centered 2. pupils same size 3. pupils round 4. do pupils constrict when light is introduced

what information should be engraved inside football helmet

1. purchase date 2. tracking number 3. reconditioning history 4. certifications

questions physicians must consider in order to deem clearance for participation

1. will condition increase risk of injury 2. can player continue with medication, rehab 3. can individual participate in other activities

normal pulse rate in children is

120 to 140 BPM

normal blood pressure for a female adult is

120/80

Impairments in performance are noted when an athlete loses:

2 - 3% body weight

face guards on football helmets must be no less than

2 bars

In a manual muscle test, a finding of complete range of motion against gravity with no overload is graded

3/5

A tendon begins to develop tears when it is stretched approximately ___% beyond normal length.

5-8

the ideal completion time for PPE is

6 weeks prior to the start of practice sessions

Organization responsible for awarding ATC credential

Board of certification

An individual is lying with the legs in extension and the elbows, wrists, and fingers in flexion. Which of the following best describes this position?

Decortication

Extensibility is the ability of a muscle to be stretched and to return to normal length after either lengthening or shortening

False

In superficial frostbite, the skin feels hard.

False

Passive movement involves joint motion performed voluntarily by the individual through muscular contraction.

False

organization that sets standards for the manufacturing of football helmets

NOCSAE

the level of competency that must be demonstrated by an individual educated in and practicing in a given profession

Standard of Care

Who regulates professions to protect the public from harm by unqualified individuals

States

Miliaria rubra usually occurs in areas like the axilla and groin

T

A wrong done by an individual for which the injured party seeks a remedy for damages suffered is called a

Tort

Drop foot can be a sign of myotome involvement of a low back injury

True

Women begin to sweat at higher skin and core temperatures and produce less sweat than men at comparable heat-exercise loads; however, they show a heat tolerance equivalent to that of men.

True

the most important tool of the PPE is the

medical history

Which of the following is not a metabolic cause of syncope

migraine headache

committing an act that is ones responsibility to perform, but following wrong procedures

misfeasance

Regurgitation is associated with

mitral valve prolapse and acquired valvular heart disease

hypo mobile individuals are more susceptible to

muscle strains

Excessive cholesterol buildup that blocks a coronary artery increases the risk of

myocardial infarction

condition when the rays of light entering the eyes are brought to focus in front of the retina

myopia

The motor component of a nerve root is tested using a

myotome

failing to perform ones legal duty of care

negligence

The bones' cells that form new bone tissue are called

osteoblasts

Which of the following best describes stage 2 tendinitis?

pain during activity that does not restrict activity

An abnormal sensation characterized by numbness, tingling, or a burning sensation is called

paresthesia

Sudden death is most often precipitated by

physical activity

refers to a temporary dilation of blood vessels resulting in draining of blood from the head with pooling of blood in abdomen

psychogenic

Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of shock?

rapid and strong pulse

The most important factor for determining the effectiveness of evaporative heat loss is:

relative humidity

orthotic designed to provide dynamic balance of foot

semirigid

derives from severe, usually bacterial, infection

septic

A force that acts parallel or tangent to a plane passing through the object is called:

shear force

A slow, bounding pulse could be indicative of

skull fracture

what shoe should a runner wear who has high rigid arches

soft midsoles, curved lasts, low hind foot stability

hypertension contributes to

strokes

While stretching for an overthrown ball, a first baseman strained an adductor muscle. What type of force would have produced this injury?

tensile

An individual affirms a subjective understanding of the risks of participation in the activity

assumption of risk

When asking about the characteristics of symptoms, determine

a. onset, limitations, location, severity, duration

Somatic pain arises from

a. skin, ligaments, muscles, bones, and joints

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by

abnormal thickening of the left ventricle wall

sickle cell trait is most commonly seen with

african Americans

term used to describe unequal pupils

aniscoria

The L4 myotome is tested with

ankle dorsiflexion

Individuals with Marfan's syndrome usually die from

aortic rupture

The plantar fascia is an example of a(n):

aponeurosis

The common mechanism of injury for a muscle contusion is

compression

Absorption of heat through the feet by standing on a hot artificial turf is an example of heat exchange termed:

conduction

Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that primarily affects

connective tissue

areas of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve

dermatome

location of the heart on the right side of chest

dextrocardia

type of injury as a result from a low-velocity, high mass force

diffuse

disadvantage of thermal set mouth guards

does not cover upper and lower dental arches

possible causes include hemorrhage, dehydration, and multiple trauma

hypovolemic

The discoloration or swelling outside a joint in the surrounding soft tissue is termed

ecchymosis

The escape of fluid from the blood vessels into the joint cavity is called

effusion

Cardiac output is determined by heart rate, blood volume, pulmonary rate, and venous return.

false

Comminuted fractures are often produced by excessive torsional and bending loads.

false

During the acute inflammatory phase, heparin is released into the injured area and acts as an anticoagulant, which results in increased swelling.

false

When the ozone level is moderate, individuals with respiratory conditions should stay indoors.

false

systolic pressure is the residual pressure that exists in the arteries when the heart is at rest

false

disqualifying condition for sport participation

fever

Immature connective tissue cells are termed

fibroblasts

In assessing ligamentous laxity, a soft end feel indicates

grade 2 injury

An incomplete fracture cause by bending and torsional loads is a

greenstick fracture

An athlete is not sweating, appears red or flushed, and has hot, dry skin. What condition might the athlete be experiencing?

heat stroke

Diets and in salt can lessen the effects of altitude.

high in carbohydrates, low

Decreased tactile sensation is termed

hypoesthesia

In sports participation, anemia contributes to each of the following EXCEPT

increase in aerobic capacity

Palpation of crepitus over a tendon or bursa could indicate

inflammation

Rubor, calor, tumor, dolor, and loss of function are symptoms of:

inflammation

Which of the following is contraindicated for individuals with Marfan's syndrome?

isometric exercises

Myocarditis is characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells into the myocardium, leading to an abnormally enlarged

left ventricle

most effective regulatory means of protecting public

licensure

iron-deficiency is seen predominantly in

lows with a low percentage of body fat

What two factors determine whether an injury occurs when a force is sustained by tissues

magnitude of forces and tissue's material properties

Which of the following forms of syncope does not suggest a serious disorder?

those occurring with heat

The primary objective of fluid replacement when exercising in hot weather is

to maintain plasma volume

Although the most rapid bone growth occurs prior to adulthood, bones continue to grow in diameter throughout most of the life span.

true

Carbon monoxide interferes with the ability of hemoglobin to transport oxygen to the cellular level.

true

Force acting along the long axis of a structure is termed tensile force

true

If tissues undergo abnormally high tensile stress before scar formation is complete, the newly forming tissue can be elongated and much stronger than the original tissue.

true

Individuals with sickle cell trait should avoid activity in extremely hot, humid weather.

true

Shock and dehydration can cause hypotension.

true

White coat syndrome is a term used to describe hypertension due to anxiety

true

visual acuity is best tested using a shelled chart

true

The beginning of the acute inflammatory phase is marked by

vasoconstriction

athlete has anemia, what vitamin should they take

vitamin C