Primavera World History A Unit 3: Renaissance and Reformation

How did the Renaissance movement affect artistic innovations? Select all that apply.

Artwork evolved from flat and cartoonish to realistic and detailed, including shadowing and perspective. Artists studied anatomy to better understand human form and create lifelike paintings.

Which accurately describe ideological differences between Catholicism and humanism during the Renaissance? Select all that apply.

Catholicism promoted a central government, whereas humanism promoted a representative democracy. Catholicism considered the Church the foremost authority on nature, whereas humanism recognized science as a way to understand nature.

Which accurately describe the theology of the Catholic Church during the Middle Ages? Select all that apply.

Catholics could rise to the kingdom of heaven by faithfully following the seven sacraments. The price of sin was penance, through which sinners repented and atoned for their misdeeds.

What best describes the outcome of the Spanish Inquisition?

Christian armies defeated Muslims and took control of Spain.

Who was a dominant force in the humanist movement and took issue with much of the Catholic Church's doctrine that had no scriptural basis?

Desiderius Erasmus

Which accurately describes an impact of scientific innovation during the Renaissance?

Gutenberg's printing press enabled the flow of knowledge and literacy throughout Europe.

Who was a Swiss theologian and humanist philosopher that rejected the principle of transubstantiation and believed in the supreme authority of the Bible rather than the clergy?

Huldrych Zwingli

Which accurately describes the origins and principles of the humanist philosophy?

Humanism originated in Italy and spread through Europe, promoting lost Greco-Roman ideals.

Which option best describes a difference between the ideas of humanists and those of the Catholic Church during the Renaissance?

Humanists believed in a revival of Greek and Roman educational practices for the masses, whereas the Catholic Church kept education exclusive for monks.

Which 14th-century theologian and reformer spoke out against the principle of transubstantiation?

John Wycliffe

What were the outcomes of King Henry VIII breaking away from Rome and forming the Church of England? Select all that apply.

King Henry VIII became both the monarch of England and the head of the church. King Henry VIII ordered that Catholic monasteries be seized and their lands sold or given to supportive nobles. King Henry VIII selected the bishops and received the tax revenues from the churches.

What was King Henry VIII's outward motivation for breaking away from the Roman Catholic Church and instituting the Church of England?

King Henry VIII wanted a marriage annulment, which the pope denied, and subsequently decided to form the Church of England.

Which Renaissance artist painted the Mona Lisa and Last Supper?

Leonardo da Vinci

How did the Renaissance and humanism affect educational opportunities in Europe? Select all that apply.

Libraries sprang up in major population centers during the Renaissance, increasing education opportunities. The publishing and distribution of books increased during the Renaissance, which made knowledge more widely available.

Who was Martin Luther and what was his significance in the western world during the 16th century?

Martin Luther was an Augustinian monk who became a prominent figure during the Protestant Reformation by writing the 95 Theses which described the abuses of the Catholic Church.

Which best describes a cause of the schism between the Roman Catholic and Protestant branches of Christianity?

Martin Luther's 95 Theses criticized the practices of the Roman Catholic Church, including the selling of indulgences, in a public forum.

Which groups did Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain target and persecute during the Spanish Inquisition? Select all that apply.

Muslims

Which groups did Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain target and persecute during the Spanish Inquisition? Select all that apply.

Muslims Jews Protestants

How did the publication of Martin Luther's 95 Theses affect European understanding of government? Select all that apply.

Protestant churches established local governing bodies or councils. Martin Luther's proclamation of forming a relationship with God led to the petition of monarchs and to self-governance.

Which reasons accurately reflect why Protestants left England for the New World? Select all that apply.

Puritans settled in Massachusetts and parts of New England in search of religious liberties. Pilgrims landed and settled in Massachusetts Bay to practice their religion without persecution.

What was an outcome of the Council of Trent?

The Council of Trent condemned the selling of indulgences.

Which accurately compares the theology that dominated during the Middle Ages with the philosophy that came to prominence during the Renaissance? Select all that apply.

The Middle Ages followed feudalist ideals with a structured hierarchical society, whereas the Renaissance shifted to humanist ideals. The Middle Ages followed Roman Catholic traditions, whereas the Renaissance was inspired by the revival of Greek and Roman teachings.

How did the establishment of the Church of England change government?

The head of state and the head of the church were the same person.

Which accurately describes a scientific innovation of the Renaissance and its impact?

The mariner's compass aided navigation and eventual discovery of the Americas.

What was the reasoning and result of the Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre?

Under Pope Gregory XIII order, Catholics slaughtered thousands of French Huguenots who were considered heretics.

Read the summary. The Renaissance positively impacted education in Europe (1). During the Renaissance educational methods changed from passive rote recitation to active analysis (2). Advancements in education spread literacy and led to new innovations and knowledge (3). In addition, education changed from primarily secular topics to religious education taught by the Catholic Church (4). Which option correctly critiques the accuracy of the summary?

While parts (1), (2), and (3) are accurate, part (4) needs revision.

What was the Protestant Reformation?

a religious movement to reform the Catholic Church that resulted in new Christian denominations

Which term is best defined as a religious opinion that goes against Church doctrine or established views?

heresy

Which term is defined as the worship of religious images?

idolatry

Which inventions were developed during the Renaissance? Select all that apply.

the telescope the microscope the printing press

Read the sentence. A religious belief that says bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ during Holy Communion is defined as _[blank]_. Which option most accurately completes the sentence?

transubstantiation