Principles of Integrated Pest Management

Of all Insects only _____% are pests*

1%

How can you avoid contamination of ground water?

1. Use as directed. 2. Do not dispose in storm sewer 3. Use non chemical methods - crop rotation, the use of resistant cultivars, and the use of less persistent pesticides. 4. Conservation buffers trap & absorb pesticides b/f entry into groundwater or river/streams

What are some non chemical control methods to IPM?*

Biological control Natural control elements Host resistance (chemical, variety strength, vigorous growth) Cultural control (rotate crops, cultivate soil, vary harvest timing, plant trap crops, adjust row width, pruning, thinking, fertilization) Mechanical control (Traps, screens, barriers, light, heat, refrigeration) Sanitation - remove pest and their source of food/shelter Solarization - till soil, cover with clear plastic, 1-2 months (top 2" of soil); heat kills pests, weeds

What are the principles of beneficial insects to reduce pesticide use? (3)

Biological control measures predators (ladybugs) parasites (flies & wasps) pathogens (bacteria, fungi, virus)

What are the 3 signal words on a chemical label in order of low to high toxicity?

Caution, warning, danger

Natural control elements of Pest Management? (5)

Climate Natural enemies Graphic barriers Food & water supply Shelter

(C) pesticide labeling

Concentrate

Dry Pesticide Labeling

D - dust B - baits G - granules P - pellets WP - wetable powder SP - soluble powder M - microencapsulated DF pr WDG - dry flowable Fumigants

Name & explain single words & symbols on Pesticide*

Danger-Poison (skull/crossbones) - can kill a human in low doses Danger - eye/skin damage Warning - intermediate toxicity severe injury at greater exposure Caution - low toxicity less likely to cause injury

List some information on a pesticide label*

Directions for use ACTIVE v. Inactive ingredients 1. Where to use 2. How to use 3. When to use 4. How often to use 5. Other restrictions (off label use) 6. Pest affected or controlled 7. Storage & disposal

What are the 4 components of and IPM system?

Early Detection! Pest Identification Monitoring Control Guidlines Methods of Prevention & Control

(EC) pesticide labeling

Emulsifiable concentrate

(F) or (L) pesticide labeling

Flowable or Liquid flowable

IPM - The LABLE IS THE LAW. What does that mean?*

Follow it exactly or you break the law; commercial license can be removed.

How to dispose of excess pesticide?

Give to a friend Give to an extension agent Use kitty litter

When serving homeowners what guide do you use for pesticide recommendations?*

Homeowner Guide to Pest Management

Applied control elements of Pest Management? (6)

Host resistance (chemical, variety strength, vigorous growth) Cultural control (rotate crops, cultivate soil, vary harvest timing, plant trap crops, adjust row width, pruning, thinking, fertilization) Mechanical control (Traps, screens, barriers, light, heat, refrigeration) Sanitation - remove pest and their source of food/shelter Chemical control Biological control - parasites, predators, pathogens, alter insect (sterilize), phermones

Why is Pest Identification important in a IPM program?

Identification creates an easier, cost-effective, successful control of pest. PREVENT, Identification, EARLY DETECTION

What are the steps in pest management?

Identify pest Identify pest life cycle Note location of pest Determine scope of pest infestation (how many plants) Inventory surrounding area Identify Key Hosts Identify existing damage Keep accurate records of findings & controls.

Types of Pesticides (IPM talk)

Inorganic: mineral (copper, sulphur etc...) Naturally derived: made from plants (chrysanthemums) Synthetic organic:man made compounds with organic chemical structures (Wasp sprays) Microbial: active cultures of pesticide bacteria, fungi, nematodes or virus (Bt)

Last resort of IPM is_______ *

Insecticides, fungicides, herbicides etc.

How do natural controls affect pest management?*

Natural controls affect all pest populations and may help or hinder pest control.

Where can you find how much pesticide to use?

On the label: how to mix & at what rate

Types of Herbicides

Pre- Plant Preemergent Post emergent

What are the 3 goals of pest management?

Prevention Suppression Eradication Achieve one or some combination of these

What is the IPM hierarchy?

Prevention - plant something else Cultural - pick up debris, remove seed pods, replace mulch Physical - Crush bugs, remove bugs Biological - Chemical - Neem oil, spray "icides"

Types of Insecticides*

Protectants Contact poison Stomach poison Systemic

What are the advantages to (RTU) pesticides (spray & aerosols)?*

Ready to use (RTU) - ease of use - less exposure - less contamination

What are the benefits of IPM?

Reduces potential for air/ground water contamination Protects non targeted species Reduces reentry interval restrictions Maintains cost effective pest management program IPM informs the process

Cultural controls for IPM*

Right plant right place Appropriate water Resistant plants Amending the soil Remove debris Rotate crops

Preventative IPM strategies

Right plant, Right place Maintain good cultivation practices Scout regularly; know what to look for Utilize traps Plan a landscape with beneficials in mind

SAS v IPM

SAS - see & spray (costly inefficient, detrimental to all good insects/pests IPM - Targeted intervention based on decisions and strategy

Types of Pesticides

Selective Non selective

What is the most common route of pesticide exposure and what is the best way to avoid it?

Skin exposure Wear gloves, protective glasses and clothing Wash thoroughly following

Beneficial insects (10)*

Spiders Mites Stink bugs Assassin bugs Praying Mantids Paper wasps Beetles Midges Damsel bugs Earwigs

Where do you go to get pesticide recommendations as a Master Gardener Extension Volunteer?

The UGA Pest Control Handbook.

True or False: Blossom end rot in tomatoes and other vegetables is the result of a calcium deficiency caused by inconsistent watering.

True

(ULV) pesticide labeling

Ultra Low Volume mixed by machine

Transplant roots are healthy as they are

White or lite brown (not green or dark brown no fuzzy white build up of mold)

IPM hierarchy

chemical treatment is the last resort Prevention is the best resort

What parts of an insect are important to understand?*

how it eats - mouthparts lifecycle what they specialize on how quickly they infest

types of pesticides

insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides

Where should pesticides be stored?

locked cabinet in a well-ventilated utility area or garden shed. Never store pesticides in cabinets with or near food, animal feed, or medical supplies. Store flammable liquids outside your living area and far away from an ignition source such as a furnace, car, grill, or lawn mower