Principles of Management chapter 9

Zoe is a low-level employee who is friends with several co-workers, does not worry about paying the rent or buying food, and knows that her position in the company is necessary and that her managers do not want her to leave. Considering this, which of the following notes would she most likely place in her company's suggestion box? A. Provide more autonomy for employees to use their skills in a creative way. B. Crack the glass ceiling by promoting more women to upper management jobs. C. Increase the pay for all employees by 10 percent. D. Sponsor more social activities to improve teamwork

B. Crack the glass ceiling by promoting more women to upper management jobs.

At Long Shot, Inc., the CEO, Jorge, wants to increase the overall number of golf clubs produced each year without increasing the size of the work force. Producing a golf club requires many steps in an assembly line process. Given this process, which of the following payment systems would Jorge most likely use? A. one that pays individual assembly line employees a percentage based on golf club sales B. one that pays all of the employees on the assembly line a percentage of each golf club sale C. one that pays all of the employees on the assembly line for each golf club they complete as a team D. one that pays each individual employee based on their individual contribution to each golf club made

C. one that pays all of the employees on the assembly line for each golf club they complete as a team

Which of the following motivators is the most basic need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs? A. safety B. belongingness C. physiological D. esteem

C. physiological

The theory that describes how outcomes such as pay should be distributed in proportion to inputs is ________ theory.

equity

Vasil, an engineer, gets paid more than his colleague, Milosz. Vasil has more years on the job than Milosz and works more hours. Vasil thinks he and Milosz are paid fairly, but Milosz thinks that he should be paid the same as Vasil because his degree is from a better university and he is more creative. Vasil is experiencing

equity and Milosz is experiencing underpayment inequity.

The justice, impartiality, and fairness to which all organizational members are entitled are collectively referred to as

equity.

According to expectancy theory, high motivation will occur when

expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are high.

An example of an employee's input with an organization is

experience.

Lotte is highly intrinsically and prosocially motivated and to a lesser degree extrinsically motivated. As a result, she enjoys her work as a fashion designer for Clothes Plus, Inc., because she uses

her creativity to design clothes for needy families while receiving lower pay than designers working for top fashion houses.

When managers of an organization treat their subordinates with dignity and respect and are polite and courteous, the interpersonal justice is

high and motivation is high.

In general, motivation of employees in an organization is high with ________ informational justice.

high interpersonal justice and high

George knows that Sue is extrinsically motivated. To increase her motivation, George would most likely

increase Sue's salary.

An employee's perception of the extent to which performance at a given level will result in outcomes the employee desires is known as

instrumentality.

Professor Artem offers his students $10 if they can run around the classroom building in two minutes. Ahmad, his student, believes that even if he does this, Professor Artem would not really give him the money. Ahmad's lack of motivation can be explained by

instrumentality.

Barbara is the dean of the College of Business. She enjoys the pace of her work and the feeling of accomplishment she gets when she is able to initiate a new program to help students. She also appreciates her attractive salary, which allows her to travel abroad on her vacations. Barbara is

intrinsically and extrinsically motivated.

Sonya, the manager of a restaurant, has just hired three servers. As part of their training program, she wants them to first learn by watching another, current server act out his job. Based on what you know about social learning theory, Sonya should

make sure the server acting as a model emphasizes the large tips given for attentive service.

At Space Solutions, Ltd., William works on valence by

making sure his employees will value the opportunity of working with less supervision.

In Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, needs that are related to the nature of the work itself and the degree of challenge contained in the work are known as ________ needs.

motivator

Donnie changed his behavior from a dysfunctional to a functional one, and his manager then removed an undesired outcome. This is known as

negative reinforcement.

How employees learn to perform behaviors that lead to desired consequences and avoid behaviors that lead to undesired consequences is described in ________ theory.

operant conditioning

When managers provide employees with highly valent outcomes, it is likely to result in

reduced turnover.

An outcome that satisfies motivator needs is

responsibility.

Enzois intrinsically motivated, so he is motivated by

responsibility.

Liam, a manager, strongly believes that rewarding an employee can cause motivation. Also, he believes that the employee's thoughts and beliefs about the work and the organization influence the employee's learning and motivation. Which learning theory supports Liam's understanding of motivation?

social

At turk Electronics, Ltd., a manager decides to combine individual and organization merit plans by giving bonuses

to each employee if they produce a certain number of circuits and a pay raise based on reaching an overall sales goal.