Principles of Management Final

Match the type of culture with its value. Premise 1. Innovative Culture 2. Aggressive Culture 3. Stable Culture 4. Outcome Oriented Culture 5. People Oriented Culture 6. Team Oriented Culture 7. Detail Oriented Culture Response A. Adaptable B. Results Driven C. Competitiveness D. Bureaucratic E. Collaborative F. Precise G. Supportiveness

1. A. Adaptable 2. C. Competitiveness 3. D. Bureaucratic 4. B. Results Driven 5. G. Supportiveness 6. E. Collaborative 7. F. Precise

Match the following task interdependence type to its definition. Premise 1. Pool Interdependence 2. Sequential Interdependence 3. Reciprocal Interdependence 4. Outcome Interdependence Response A. When team members work together on each phase of the task to create superior results. B. When one team member's output becomes another team member's input. C. When team members work independently and combine their efforts to create the team's output. D. When rewards of a team members is dependent on the performance of the members of the team.

1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D

Match the following statements with the proper stage of group development. Premise 1. Forming 2. Storming 3. Norming 4. Performing 5. Adjourning Response A. As a group we need to continually improve by asking ourselves if we are communicating with each other in ways that help us achieve our goals. B. Our group got dissolved when we restructured our organization. C. I am so nervous meeting the members of my group for the first time. D. We are such a cohesive group that we can handle any task given to us. E. I think I should be the group leader since I am smarter than the other members.

1. C 2. E 3. D 4. A 5. B

Match the following statements with the biases they represent. 1. I can't believe John drove his car with flat tires after he drove over some nails. He damaged his rims by doing so. He should have called a tow truck and not drove to the tire shop with flat tires. 2. I feel confident that I am in the top 20% of safe drivers. 3. James is not a smart online shopper. He chose a cheaper online vendor but paid much more for shipping. 4. We stopped looking for survivors after the plane crash. As soon as we saw the plane on fire we assumed that everybody must be dead. A. Frame Bias B. Overconfidence Bias C. Hindsight Bias D. Anchoring Bias

1: C. Hindsight Bias 2: B. Overconfidence Bias 3: A. Frame Bias 4: D. Anchoring Bias

Match the four Decision Making Model to when such models should be used. 1. Rational 2. Bounded Rationality 3. Intuitive 4. Creative A. A decision that must be made very quickly. B. Our old solutions no longer solve our problems C. This problem has been dealt with many time in the past. D. A crucial decision about which country should your business expand to.

1: D. A crucial decision about which country should your business expand to. 2: A. A decision that must be made very quickly. 3: C. This problem has been dealt with many time in the past. 4: B. Our old solutions no longer solve our problems

A top manager for a management consulting firm would: A. Establish a positive organizational culture that encourages employees to be passionate about their clients B. Make sure employees are attired according to the company dress code C. Evaluate the performance of individual consultants D. Monitor expense statements turned in by consultants E. Coordinate activities within and between consultants working in the field and support staff in the office

A. Establish a positive organizational culture that encourages employees to be passionate about their clients

Which of the following statements about functional departmentalization is true? A. Functional departmentalization allows work to be done by highly qualified specialists. B. Functional departmentalization increases costs by increasing duplication. C. Functional departmentalization complicates communication and coordination for departmental managers. D. Functional departmentalization requires the same kinds of functional departments in any company. E. Functional departmentalization is also called free-form specialization.

A. Functional departmentalization allows work to be done by highly qualified specialists.

For options-based planning to work, the organization must ____. A. Have slack resources B. Use cross-functional teams C. Have broad spans of management D. Have tall organizational structures E. Use decentralization

A. Have slack resources

Specific goals are best measured when they are_. A. Quantitative B. Qualitative C. Neither D. Both

A. Quantitative

Organizations with matrix structure create situations that are ripe for experiencing conflict. Why do you think this is so.

Although project managers and department managers would need to communicate more with their employees to complete certain tasks, there is a lot of room for conflict in case of disagreements. In this case, the employee may not know who to listen to and there would be a power struggle between the two managers. Additionally, there may be disagreements between which decisions are a part of which division. This is difficult for the employee because s/he cannot please both managers.

Centralization works best in an unstable environments. A. True B. False

B. False

There are four decisional roles. They are entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and spokesperson. A. True B. False

B. False

While good management is basic to starting and growing a business, once some measure of success has been achieved, good management becomes less important. A. True B. False

B. False

Which skill is needed at a high level for all types of managers? A. Technical skills B. Human skills C. Conceptual skills D. Motivational to manage E. Decisional skills

B. Human skills

Which of the following is a condition that must be met if a firm's resources are to be used to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage? A. Differentiation B. Inimitable resources C. Related diversification D. Unrelated diversification E. A matrix organizational structure

B. Inimitable resources

What is the difference between teams and other types of groups. A. Teams are larger in size. B. Team members are focused on a joint goal or product. C. Teams have compensation on individual outcomes. D. Teams have noncooperation tasks. E. All of the above. F. None of the above.

B. Team members are focused on a joint goal or product.

What is the least important skill for top manager? A. Conceptual skills B. Technical skills C. Human skills D. Motivation to manage

B. Technical skills

To establish a detailed business strategy you need _. A. tangible and intangible resources B. a stable environment C. ineffective competitors D. employee buy in E. all of the above

B. a stable environment

One effective way to manage team members that have a dominating personality that encroaches on the participation or airtime of others is to__ A. have them talk last in all team meetings. B. include a balanced of participation in team meetings. C. talk to them before the meeting and ask them not to talk during team meetings. D. ask other team members to be dominate as well. E. All of the above. F. None of the above.

B. include a balanced of participation in team meetings.

From a competitive standpoint, ____ means that the strategic actions your company takes can probably be matched by your direct competitors. A. market commonalty B. resource similarity C. character of the rivalry D. competitive inertia E. competitive autonomy

B. resource similarity

A sustainable competitive advantage exists for an organization when other companies have tried unsuccessfully to duplicate the advantage and ____. A. those companies have been prohibited from duplicating the advantage by federal law B. those companies have, for the moment, stopped trying to duplicate the advantage C. the organization is able to implement exclusive distribution D. the organization operates in the international marketplace E. the organization has a follower strategic stance

B. those companies have, for the moment, stopped trying to duplicate the advantage

In organizations, groups can be classified into two basic types: A. Large and Small B. Dependent and Independent C. Formal and Informal D. Internal and External E. Groups and Teams

C. Formal and Informal

____ is defined as getting work done through others. A. Planning B. Organizing C. Management D. Strategizing E. Controlling

C. Management

What type of a decision is the following statement:In my company we receive so many harassment complaints that I have instructed my managers that every time they receive a harassment complaint they must immediately report the complaint to the HR department. A. Strategic Decision B. Tactical Decision C. Programmed Decision D. Operational Decision E. Non-programmed Decision

C. Programmed Decision

____ is a primary source of organizational culture during its early years. A. The organization's competitive strategy B. The industry in which the organization operates C. The company's founder D. Suppliers E. Customers

C. The company's founder

Which of the following is one of the six steps in the rational decision-making process? A. Choose a minimally acceptable alternative solution B. Evaluate the effectiveness of the decision C. Weight the criteria D. Introduce the decision to those who will be impacted by it E. Identify customer service gaps

C. Weight the criteria

Organizations maintain desired cultures ____ A. by creating a clear and concise mission statement. B. by having appropriate reward systems. C. by attraction-selection-attrition and on-boarding processes. D. through founders' values, preferences, and industry demands. E. by creating a clear and concise rules and policies.

C. by attraction-selection-attrition and on-boarding processes.

The ____ is the set of key values, beliefs, and attitudes shared by members of an organization. A. industry code of ethics B. internal environment C. organizational culture D. organizational strategy E. organizational vision

C. organizational culture

When a capable organization posses a resource that is valuable and rare, but easy to copy, at best that organization would have a __. A. competitive disadvantage B. competitive parity C. temporary competitive advantage D. sustainable competitive advantage E. None of the above

C. temporary competitive advantage

Why do companies need culture?

Companies that have culture can affect organizational performance. It is important to have a good organizational culture to promote employee well-being, happiness, and how they work. Organizational culture can also be a competitive advantage for some companies as good culture can lead to good performance from employees, whereas bad culture can be detrimental. Additionally, culture also helps manage and dictate employee behavior and can in turn better serve the customers.

Why are Cost Leadership, Differentiation, and Focus strategies refer to as trade-off strategies? because Porter argues that a firm must choose to embrace one strategy or risk not having a strategy at all. A. Because it is difficulty for firms to have all three strategies. B. Because firms must choose to embrace one strategy to be effective. C. Because firms risk not having a strategy at all if they choose all three strategies. D. All of the above E. None of the above.

D. All of the above

A manager engaged in the management function of ____ is monitoring progress toward goal achievement and taking corrective action when needed. A. Planning B. Organizing C. Leading D. Controlling E. Motivating

D. Controlling

Which of the following statements about divisional departmentalization is true? A. Divisional departmentalization allows work to be done by highly qualified specialists. B. Divisional departmentalization decrease costs by increasing duplication. C. Divisional departmentalization forces employees to perform specialized tasks. D. Divisional departmentalization do not work well in turbulent environments. E. In Divisional departmentalization each unique product or service the company is producing will have its own department.

D. Divisional departmentalization do not work well in turbulent environments.

__ is a serious risk in highly cohesive groups. A. Adjourning B. Social loafing C. Collective efficacy D. Groupthink E. Punctuated equilibrium

D. Groupthink

What does "attrition" refer to. A. When employees are attracted to organizations where they will fit in. B. When companies look for people who will fit into their corporate culture. C. The process through which new employees learn the attitudes, knowledge, skills and behaviors required to function effectively within an organization. D. The natural process where the candidates who do not fit in will leave the company. E. The process where new employees who are proactive seek feedback for success. F. All of the above. G. None of the above.

D. The natural process where the candidates who do not fit in will leave the company.

When managers delegate work, three transfers occur. The three transfers are responsibility, authority, and ____. A. utility B. synergy C. reciprocity D. accountability E. empathy

D. accountability

A ____ strategy involves marketing a unique product to a unique narrow-based market. A. cost leadership B. differentiation C. focus cost leadership D. focus differentiation E. None of the above

D. focus differentiation

Groups tend to suffer from symptoms of groupthink when ____ A. they are small and and like eachother B. they are small and don't like eachother C. they are large and don't like eachother D. they are large and like eachother

D. they are large and like eachother

Why do you think diversity in team composition can help teams come up with more creative and effective solutions.

Diversity in team composition can help teams come up with new perspectives that they may not know. Whether these members come from different cultures, neighborhoods, races, genders, and so on, each person can contribute his or her own experiences. When thinking of solutions, the most creative and effective solutions cater to the most people, thus having a diverse group of people allows the ability to be more thorough.

Which of the following is one of the characteristic of cohesive groups. A. They share a sense of purpose. B. They work together on a meaningful task or cause. C. They establish a structured pattern of communication. D. They have a collective identity. E. All of the above. F. None of the above.

E. All of the above

Which of the following would be an example of a visible artifact for an organization that is being merged with a large international firm? A. Personal parking spaces for all salespeople B. A private company dinning room C. Traditional offices D. End-of-year bonuses E. All of the above

E. All of the above

A good way for organizations to develop goal commitment is by ___ A. Making goals public. B. Getting top management to show support for goals. C. Encouraging participation in setting the goal. D. None of the above. E. All of the above.

E. All of the above.

Mechanistic organizations ____ A. are those that resemble a bureaucracy. B. are highly formalized and centralized. C. follow formal channels of communication. D. employees are given specific job descriptions delineating their roles and responsibilities. E. All of the above. F. None of the above.

E. All of the above.

Middle managers typically: A. Plan and allocate resources B. Coordinate and link groups and departments C. Implement changes and strategies generated by top managers D. Monitor the activities of first-line managers who report to them E. Do all of these

E. Do all of these

One of the benefits of planning is how it ____. A. Encourages people to work faster B. Encourages people to try a variety of different ways to do others' jobs C. Reduces employee turnover D. Eliminates all discriminatory practices E. Does none of these

E. Does none of these

Which of the following is one of the sources of resistance to change? A. An unstable environment B. Sustainable status quo C. Discontinuous innovation D. A dynamic organizational culture E. Perceived affect of power and influence in the organization.

E. Perceived affect of power and influence in the organization.

Which of the following is a mechanism used to examine external threats and opportunities facing a firm as well as its internal strengths and weaknesses? A. Organizational scanning B. Corporate strategy C. Business strategy D. Benchmarking E. SWOT analysis

E. SWOT analysis

Corporate Social Responsibility (CRS), mainly takes into consideration the interest of _. A. The share holders B. The customers C. The suppliers D. The employees E. The communities F. All of the above

F. All of the above

Which of the following is part of a healthy organizational culture. A. Equal opportunity for each employee to realize their full potential within the company. B. Strong company leaders with a strong sense of direction and purpose. C. Strong communication with all employees regarding policies and company issues. D. Employee pride and enthusiasm for the organization and the work performed. E. A and C F. All of the above

F. All of the above

Which one of the following is part of a Team Contract. A. Team goals and values. B. Team communication process. C. Team roles and leadership. D. Team performance E. Team decision making process F. All of the above. G. None of the above.

F. All of the above.

Why should organizations consider change of cultural? A. To avoid complacency B. To respond to changing conditions in the environment. C. To remain competitive D. To avoid stagnation. E. None of the above. F. All of the above.

F. All of the above.

Which statement is true about learning organizations. A. In learning organizations, experimenting, learning new things, and reflecting on new knowledge are discouraged. B. Learning organizations are bad at learning from experience. C. Learning organizations actively seeks to acquire knowledge and change behavior. D. Learning organizations vigorously study competitors, market leaders in different industries, clients, and customers. E. A and B F. C and D G. All of the above H. None of the above

F. C and D

Organic organizations___ A. are centralized. B. have high levels of formalization. C. communication lines are very strict. D. employee job descriptions are narrow. E. All of the above F. None of the above.

F. None of the above.

What are the factors responsible for the specific culture that exists in Google?

Google's culture is affected by several factors, such as their value in creating employee happiness. Google hires and maintains the best employees because of everything they offer there, like gourmet foods options and gyms and doctors. They also offer paid paternal leave. Not only do employees have all these benefits, but employees are also encouraged to be innovative and take risks. Each decision is made by a group of people, rather than top down.

What is the objective of internal analysis?

Internal analysis allows companies to meet the demands of their customers. They are able to see what is truly valuable to their customers as well as their own competitive advantage through their resources and capabilities. Through internal analysis, companies no longer focus too heavily on past advantages, but learn to compete using their firm-specific differences combined with the ability to see the changes in the market.

Why do organizations need managers?

Managers are important to organizations because of the different roles they represent for an organization. This ranges from communicating information to other managers to absorbing feedback and ensuring a routine flow of work. These roles are necessary for a company to be as effective and efficient as possible because different managers are able to focus on specific duties, then report to a higher manager.

What clues does the University of La Verne give about its culture?

The University of La Verne gives clues on its culture through its core values: ethical reasoning, diversity and inclusivity, lifelong learning, and civic and community engagement. These are important values to the university, which they uphold through their events, organizations, student government, and faculty and staff.

What is the difference between business strategy and corporate strategy?

The difference between business strategy and corporate strategy is how it relates to the The first, corporate strategy answers strategy questions related to the business or organization. In corporate strategy, businesses are trying to figure out which business is best for them by analyzing their resources, businesses, capabilities, or activities. Business strategy on the other hand is developed after the corporate strategy is determined. It then determines how the business should compete to win against business similar to them.

What do you think brought individuals at GE together to work as a cohesive team?

The individuals at GE were able to work together as a cohesive team because of their pride in their work. They each shared similar goals and were similar themselves as each had to hold a license to work. Additionally, they were given little supervision and were not tasked with traditional non-job related work, such as bathroom cleaning. This gave each of the workers a sense of value, thus they were all happier and worked better at what they specialized in.

What are the pros and cons of Toyota's structure?

The pros of Toyota's structure was its just-in-time method of manufacturing, which allowed the company to have efficiency. Additionally, they were known for their quality and customer service. They would find problems quickly and also go to customer's houses to recall the vehicles. However, the cons of their rigid structure was the hierarchy of seniority which made communication much slower and less efficient. This was also a problem because people who were at a lower level would be fearful to approach their higher-ups with problems as they would face consequences.

Discuss why Treacy and Wiersema maintain that firms can realistically choose only one of the three value disciplines in which to specialize.

Treacy and Wiersema maintain that firms can realistically choose only one of the three value disciplines to specialize in because this way companies can choose one speciality to make their strongest or the best. In this way, they can be market leaders of that discipline. If a company chooses all three, they can only be mediocre in all three and won't be able to achieve the best results.