Prins of Biology I! Test One
Which is a benefit of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
The interaction of the genes from both parents allows genetic variation
Which statement concerning a scientific theory is FALSE?
It is unchangeable
Which process is most directly associated with the theory of evolution?
Populations changing over time
You discover an organism that is eukaryotic, unicellular, and photosynthetic. Based on this evidence, to which group would you assign this organism?
Protists
When tissues organize, what do they form?
An Organ
A falsifiable hypothesis cannot be tested.
False
The scientific name for coffee is Coffea arabica. More specifically, the species name is arabica.
False
What are units of hereditary information?
Genes
Which scenario best describes a double-blind study?
Neither the investigator nor the subjects know who is in the experimental or control groups.
Suppose a particular protein is produced in excess of the cellʼs needs. What kind of mechanism will intervene to stop production?
homeostatic
Which best describes a result of sexual reproduction?
Two sex cells combine to form a fertilized cell.
To which phylum do humans belong?
Chordata
What is a branching diagram that depicts the relationships among organisms based on shared characteristics?
Cladogram
The human body is made up of specialized cells that perform different functions. For example, a neuron is a specialized cell of the nervous system that receives and transmits signals throughout the body. To perform these tasks, the neuron uniquely possesses branched protoplasmic protrusions, called dendrites and axons, which conduct the signals to and from its cell body. This illustrates which of the five major biological themes?
interrelation of structure and function in biological systems
Similar families of organisms are next grouped together in the same:
Order
Which technology has been used to successfully deactivate specific human genes, modify yeasts for biofuel production, and modify agricultural crop?
CRISPR/Cas9
Which is a byproduct of photosynthesis?
Oxygen
Which organizational unit includes the fewest species of organisms?
Population
Information in living organisms is transmitted by which mechanism(s)?
genes, hormones, and neurotransmitters
In deductive reasoning, we begin with ____ and make ____ based on that information.
premises; conclusions
Which sequence represents the pattern of energy flow within an ecosystem?
producers → consumers → decomposers
What is the smallest chemical unit that retains the characteristic properties of a given element?
Atom
Which statement best describes autotrophic organisms?
Autotrophs synthesize macromolecules from CO2, water, and energy.
The two domains of prokaryotes are Bacteria and Fungi.
False
Which is a characteristic of a good hypothesis?
It is falsifiable
All members of the same species occupying the same area at the same time constitute a(n):
Population
What is a subspecialty of systematics and is the science of naming and classifying organisms?
Taxonomy
What is the purpose of the cilia and flagella of cells?
They provide movement for the cell.
During an experiment, what is the purpose of a control group?
To ensure that the results observed in the experimental group is due to the variable being tested
Which stimulus most directly causes the Venus flytrap to catch an insect?
Touch
CRISPR research can decrease the spread of what type of disease?
Zika and other mosquito-borne diseases
What is a distinct characteristic of asexual reproduction?
a cell splitting into identical halves
A DNA molecule is made up of
nucleotides
What are inherited characteristics that enhance an organismʼs ability to survive in its environment?
Adaptations
What would be the ultimate effect on an ecosystem if decomposers were eliminated?
All life would eventually cease due to a lack of available nutrients.
Which statement best describes the cell theory?
All living organisms are composed of basic units called cells.
Consider the statement "biological systems interact." What does this mean?
Biological organisms are interdependent.
What type of molecule carries the hereditary information of an organism?
DNA
Adaptation involves changes in ecosystem rather than in individual organism.
False
An organism that reproduces asexually produces genetically variable offspring.
False
With deductive reasoning, you draw conclusions from specific observations.
False
An organism that is neither prokaryotic nor photosynthetic, and must obtain its nutrients by secreting digestive enzymes into the environment, belongs to which group of organisms?
Fungi
Identify three of the five basic themes in biology: I. The cellular composition of life II. The evolution of life III. The interactions of living systems IV. The mechanisms of disease V. The transmission of information
II, III, V
What statement best describes "biology"?
The science of life
All of the genes present in a population make up its gene pool.
True
Changing your view of reality involves a paradigm shift.
True
Similar orders are placed in the same class.
True
Systems biology is also called integrative biology.
True
What is an end product of cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide
The primary purpose of homeostasis is to:
maintain a constant internal environment
Using the Linnaean system of nomenclature, corn is named Zea mays. What is the specific epithet in this name?
mays
In living organisms, chemical reactions responsible for growth, repair, and nutrition are collectively referred to as:
metabolism
One of the conclusions drawn from Darwinʼs theory of evolution is that:
organisms living today descended from previously existing forms
Which cells do not have a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles?
prokaryotic cells
Suppose we want to examine the effect of a fertilizer on the size of zucchini produced, and therefore, we need to establish the experimental and control groups. The control group for this experiment would be defined under which conditions?
soil, water, sun, and zucchini seeds