Problem Set 7

Compression of Olivia's inferior vena cava causes her feet to swell due to which of the following alterations in capillary exchange?

Capillary hydrostatic pressure is increased

Olivia's tachycardia is probably a result of

Inhibition of baroreceptors

What would happen to the myocardium of Caleb's right ventricle as a result of his VSD?

It would become enlarged, or hypertrophied.

If Caleb's defect involved the bundle branches, which part of the ECG would NOT be affected?

P wave

Describe the systemic circuit.

The systemic circuit transports blood through the arteries, capillaries, and veins of the body from the left ventricle to the right atrium.

Paul has a horrible chainsaw accident and cuts several major blood vessels in his head and neck. As a result of this injury, you would expect to observe all of the following except

an increase in cardiac output.

After losing 25 percent of blood volume in a motorcycle accident, which of the following compensatory responses would not occur?

circulatory shock

Which of the following correctly describes what happens to Caleb's heart as a result of his VSD?

decreased stroke volume from the left ventricle

As a result of Caleb's defect, the blood volume entering the pulmonary trunk and arteries decreases.

false

All of the following occur in response to hemorrhage except

increase in blood pressure.

The continual movement of fluid through the interstitial spaces produced by capillary filtration serves all of the following functions except

increases edema.

Edema is not favored when

interstitial fluid movement increases.

What part of Caleb's heart has a defect?

interventricular septum

In which direction is the blood in Caleb's heart moving as a result of his defect?

left ventricle to right ventricle

Which term describes the abnormal sounds produced by Caleb's heart?

murmur

All of the following contributes to turbulent blood flow except

third and fourth heart sounds.

The normal heart sounds are S1 and S2. When do you predict you would hear Caleb's abnormal heart sound?

between S1 and S2

What is the order in which fetal blood would pass through the following structures after leaving the heart?

1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 2

When renin is released from the kidney,

Angiotensin I is activated

The compression of Olivia's inferior vena cava will decrease cardiac output, because

The decrease in venous return will lower stroke volume

Name the immediate and long-term problems related to hemorrhage

The immediate problem related to hemorrhage is maintaining adequate blood pressure and peripheral blood flow. The long-term problems related to hemorrhage is to restore normal blood volume.

During exercise, cardiac output may increase by more than 170% to meet the body's increased O2 demands. This increase in cardiac output increases blood pressure. But the accompanying increase in arterial pressure is relatively small—only about 40%. What limits this increase in blood pressure so that it doesn't reach dangerously high levels during exercise?

Vasodilation causes arterial diameter to increase in the exercising skeletal muscle.