PROPERTIES AND CHANGES

RUSTING

The ability of a substance to rust is a chemical property that involves a substance reacting slowly with oxygen. The process is called rusting.

MELTING POINT

The temperature at which a solid can change to a liquid. The temperature at which a pure substance melts is unchanging under constant conditions. Therefore: The melting point of a pure substance can be used as a physical property for identification. Ex: ice melts to form liquid water

A CHEMICAL PROPERTY OF ONE SUBSTANCE

USUALLY INVOLVES IT ABILITY TO REACT (COMBINE) OR NOT REACT WITH ANOTHER SPECIFIC SUBSTANCES.

ICE MELTS TO FORM LIQUID

WATER AT 0 DEGREES CELSIUS (32DEGREES F)

MELTING

WHEN A SUBSTANCES CHANGES FROM A SOLID TO LIQUID

sublimation.

When a solid changes directly to a gas, the process is called

Evidence ofPhysical Change

When a substance changes in size or shape (cutting, tearing, dissolving, stretching, or wrinkling), its composition remains the same. Ex: shredding paper, dissolving sugar in water, stretching a rubber band, wadding up a piece of paper, or denting a piece of metal

Formation of a precipitate:

When two solutions are combined, they may form a solid substance. This solid is called a precipitate and indicates that a chemical change has occurred. The precipitate may be in the form of very small particles, appearing as cloudiness in the solution or as a solid which settles to the bottom of the container.

IS THE ABSENCE OF COLOR A PHYSICAL PROPERTY

YES

PHYSICAL CHANGES

___________ DO NOT change the composition of a substance, only the physical properties Change in which the identity of the substance does NOT change

Physical property of matter

any property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter Examples color shape taste state density

CHEMICAL CHANGE

Chemical changes result in the formation of ONE OR MORE NEW substances with new chemical and physical properties. Transforms one type of matter into another kind, which may have different properties.

What are two physical properties that can help you identify a substance?

...

NAME EXAMPLES OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

1. ABILITY TO BURN---BURNING 2. ABILITY TO RUST--RUSTING

EVAPORATION

A SUBSTANCE CHANGES FROM A LIQUID TO A GAS

SUBLIMATION

A SUBSTANCE CHANGES FROM A SOLID DIRECTLY TO A GAS

FREEZES

A SUBSTANCES CHANGES FROM A LIQUID TO A SOLID

ELASTICITY

ABILITY TO BE STRETCHED OR COMPRESSED THEN RETURNED TO ORIGINAL SIZE

DUCTILITY

ABILITY TO BEND WITHOUT BREAKING

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Characteristics of matter that can be seen through direct observation such as density, melting point, and boiling point

PROPERTIES OF MATTER CAN BE...

Properties of matter can be physical or chemical and can be used to identify substances.

Properties of matter

Properties of matter can be physical or chemical and can be used to identify substances.

ABILITY TO RUST

Reacts with oxygen to produce rust

REACTIVITY WITH VINEGAR

Reacts with vinegar to produce new substances

BOILING POINT

TEMPERATURE AT WHICH LIQUID TURNS TO A GAS

BRITTLENESS

TENDANCY TO CRACK OR BREAK

FLAMMABILITY

THE ABILITY TO BURN

BURNING

The ability of a substance to burn is a chemical property that involves a substance reacting quickly with oxygen to produce light and heat. The process is called burning.

EVIDENCE OF CHEMICAL CHANGE

Color Change: When a substance changes color, the chemical composition of the substance may have changed Ex: rusting iron, bleaching clothes, browning apples, burning marshmallows It is possible to have a color change without a chemical change. Ex: adding food coloring to water

COLOR

Color can be used to help identify a substance, along with other properties. By itself, color is not a significant identifier of a substance. Absence of color is also a physical property

DENSITY

Density is a property that describes the relationship between the mass of a substance and its volume. Substances that are denser contain more matter in a given volume. The density of a substance will stay the same no matter how large or small the sample of the substance. Ex: Lead is a very heavy, dense metal; much greater density than aluminum, a light metal *Mass per unit volume

WHAT ARE THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

MELTING POINT, BOILING POINT, DENSITY, COLOR

SUBSTANCES THAT ARE DENSER CONTAIN

MORE MATTER IN A GIVEN VOLUME

WHAT CAN BE USED TO IDENTIFY SUBSTANCES

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

EVAPORATING, MELTING, FREEZING, AND SUBLIMATION ARE EXAMPLES OF...

PHYSICAL CHANGES IN WHICH MATTER CHANGES FROM ONE STATE TO ANOTHER

TRANSPARANCY

PROPERTY OF LETTING LIGHT THROUGH SOMETHING

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

any property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance, in other words, to undergo a change in composition because of its ability to react or not react with another specific substance. Examples reactivity with oxygen: burning or rusting Characteristic of matter that can only be observed when one substance changes into a difference substance, such as iron into rust