Protein Synthesis
What is a codon? Anticodon?
1. Codon: three base sequence on the mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid 2. Anticodon: set of three bases in tRNA that match the codon on the mRNA
List the three ways RNA is different from DNA? Be sure to describe BOTH RNA and DNA for full credit.
1. Ribose sugar, DNA has deoxyribose sugar. 2. RNA is a single strand and DNA is a double strand 3. Uracil pairs with adenine. In DNA, thymine pairs with adenine.
What role do codons and anticodons play in heredity?
4. Codons are the three nucleotide sequence on the mRNA strand that identifies a unique amino acid. The anticodons are the complementary nucleotides on the tRNA that ensure the correct amino acid is delivered at the correct time. By working together, the codons and anticodons ensure that proteins, the substance responsible for producing traits, are assembled correctly
How many amino acids are coded for in the following DNA strand? ATTAGCCAGATTACA
5
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
: messenger RNA, carries instructions from DNA in nucleus to ribosome in cytoplasm
The sequence of amino acids in a protein is determined by information carried in what molecule?
DNA
Describe the flow of information for making a protein from the nucleus to the actual protein.
From the DNA to the mRNA then the tRNA and then the amino acids then the Protein
What would the complimentary strand of DNA be for the nucleotide sequence, ATTAGCCAGATTACA
TAATCGGTCTAATGT
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
To deliver the amino to deliver the amino acids. Picks up the amino acids and then delivers them to the ribosome. tRNA ensures the correct amino acid is delivered at the correct time by matching anticodons to mRNA strands.
how is transcription different from translation?
Transcription is making a temporary copy of gene; flow of information from DNA to mRNA and translation is the process of converting the instructions in an mRNA strand to an amino acid chain; flow of information from mRNA to amino acid chain. (protein)
What would the RNA strand look like if were transcribed from the DNA sequence, ATTAGCCAGATTACA?
UAAUCGGUCUAAUGU
tRNA molecule pick up amino acids in the cytoplasm. Where do the amino acids come from?
food
Where do ATP used in protein synthesis come from?
used to build a peptide bond
