PS Physics Unit 3: Energy

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kinetic energy =

1/2 x mass x velocity²

a glass of milk

CPE

a piece of celery

CPE

gasoline

CPE

pogo stick on impact

EPE

stretched rubber band

EPE???

Law of Conservation of Energy—

Energy may change from one form to another, but the total of energy never changes.

a rock at the edge of a cliff

GPE

a basketball passing through the hoop

GPE and KE

a person climbing a ladder

GPE and KE

water in a water fall

GPE and KE

______ is a unit of measure of all forms of energy.

Joule

a moving skateboard

KE

bicycle stopped at the top of a hill

KE? or GPE?

mass

a factor that affects both gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy

Unit used to measure the amount of energy that people get from food

calorie

The energy of food and other fuels is ________ potential energy.

chemical

The energy stored in foods and fuels is ______ potential energy.

chemical

The energy stored in the bonds between atoms is _______ potential energy

chemical

Fuels store energy in the form of ______ _______

chemical energy

Increasing the speed of an object ____ its potential energy.

does not affect

Type of energy transformed into thermal energy in a toaster

electrical

____ is the ability to cause change

energy

law of conservation of energy

energy may change forms, but it cannot be created or destroyed

kinetic energy

energy of a spinning bicycle wheel

chemical potential energy

energy stored in a battery

speed

factor that affects kinetic energy but not gravitational potential energy

A rock at the edge of a 200 m high cliff has more potential energy than an equal sized rock at the edge of a 600 m high cliff.

false

According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can be created or destroyed.

false

Energy in the form of motion is potential energy.

false

Energy that is stored is kinetic energy.

false

energy is measured in Newtons.

false

Which of the following is not used to calculate kinetic energy?

height

If the energy of the swing decreases, then the energy of some other object must ________ by an equal amount.

increase

Type of energy that is greatest at the bottom of a swing's path

kinetic

Two baseballs have the same mass. The ball that is closer to the ground has_______ gravitational potential energy than the other ball does.

less

Type of energy transformed into chemical energy by plants

light

potential energy =

mass x gravity x height

Type of reaction in which mass is transformed into energy

nuclear

Example—As a swing moves back and forth, its energy continually converts from ________ to kinetic and back

potential

Mechanical energy is the total kinetic and ____ energies in a system.

potential

The ____ energy of an object increases with its height.

potential

The _________ energy of an object depends on its mass and weight.

potential

Type of energy that is greatest at the top of a swing's path

potential

When an object falls, some of _______ energy changes to _______ energy.

potential---- kinetic

The kinetic energy of an object increases as its ____ increases.

speed

Which of the following is not used to calculate potential energy?

speed

Joule

the SI unit of energy

energy

the ability to cause change

kinetic

the kind of energy an object has because of its motion

Friction converts some of the mechanical energy into _____ energy.

thermal

mechanical energy

total amount of kinetic and potential energy in a system

work

transfer of energy through motion

A book and a feather sitting next to each other on a shelf have different potential energies.

true

Anything that causes change must have energy.

true

Energy may change from one form to another, but the total amount of energy never changes.

true

Kinetic energy is energy in the form of motion.

true

Mechanical energy is the total amount of potential and kinetic energy in a system.

true

gravitational potential energy

energy stored in a rock on a mountainside

elastic potential energy

energy stored in a rubber band

potential energy

energy that is stored

Energy conversions—energy changing from one _____ to another

form

Two trucks have the same velocity but different mass. The truck with the greater mass has _____ kinetic energy than the other truck does.

more

potential

the kind of energy an object has due to position

A 19 kg bicycle carring a 84 kg girl is traveling at a speed of 4 m/s. What is the kinetic energy of the girl and bicycle?

824 J

A 89 kg boy is sitting 1 m from the ground in a tree. What is his gravitational potential energy?

872 J

The law of _________ of energy states that the total amount of energy in the universe remains the same.

conservation

chemical

the kind of energy that is stored in foods

gravitational

the kind of potential energy an object above Earth's surface has

elastic

the kind of potential energy that is stored in something that can stretch

Elastic potential energy

Energy stored by things that stretch

height

a factor that affects gravitationial potential energy but not kinetic energy

Force that acts between two sticks when they are rubbed together

friction


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