Psy 1100 Ch 12

In 2018, the average age when U.S. women gave birth for the first time was approximately

27

What percentage of adults describe themselves as securely attached?

60%-80%

More than ______ percent of women in the United States have a best friend.

90

When considering attachment and adult socioemotional development, which of the following statements is true?

Attachment in adults is linked to the quality of attachment as a child.

Which of the following are recent trends with respect to cohabitation?

Couples are less likely than before to see cohabitation as leading to marriage. Cohabitation rates have been increasing.

Frequency of sexual activity is one of the strongest predictors of how long a marriage will last.

False

Getting married early is most likely to result in a successful long-term marriage.

False

The term love is reserved for the feelings of those in a committed and romantic relationship.

False

True or false: A transgender identity of being born female but identifying with being male is much more common than the reverse.

False

The research of John _____ is the most extensive assessment of marriage relationships available.

Gottman

Who is known for studying married couples and analyzing what makes marriages work?

John Gottman

Which of the following are appropriate strategies for divorced adults?

Make decisions carefully. Use your strengths and resources to cope with difficulties. Think of divorce as a chance to personally grow.

According to Deborah Tannen, which of the following are true of men's and women's communication patterns?

Men prefer report talk to rapport talk. Men's lack of interest in rapport talk bothers many women. Women enjoy rapport talk more than report talk.

Which of the following is true about marriage in the United States?

More than three-quarters of U.S. adults 25 years and older have been married at some point in their lives.

Which of the following statements are supported by research on online dating?

One challenge is that many people misrepresent themselves on dating sites. The majority of Americans now view it as an acceptable way to meet people.

______ is the language of conversation; it is a way of establishing connections and negotiating relationships.

Rapport talk

According to OECD (2019), which of the following countries has the highest divorce rate in the world?

Russia

As individuals move into emerging adulthood, which of the following is true about their romantic relationships?

Short-term relationships are more common.

Adults who have an anxious attachment style exhibit which of the following behaviors?

They are less trusting. They are more emotional. They are jealous and possessive. They demand closeness.

Which of the following is true of transgender individuals?

They are more likely than their non-transgender peers to experience depression.

Which of the following are true of transgender individuals?

They frequently encounter discrimination. They may have any sexual orientation.

In 2016, there were more U.S. women giving birth in their thirties than in their twenties.

True

In the United States, cohabitating arrangement tend to be short-lived.

True

True or false: In early adulthood an individual has to balance intimacy and identity.

True

True or false: Premarital education programs have been shown to significantly reduce the odds of a marriage ending in divorce.

True

True or false: Today, personal fulfillment, both inside and outside marriage, has become a goal that competes with marital stability.

True

True or false: Transgender individuals can be straight, gay, lesbian, or bisexual.

True

Which of the following are typical gender differences in adult friendships?

Women have a greater number of close friends. Women engage in more self-disclosure.

Which of the following are benefits of remaining single in emerging adulthood?

ability to develop personal resources to meet goals opportunities to try new activities and places

Which type of love occurs when someone desires to have the other person near and has deep, caring feelings for the person?

affectionate

Individuals with a(n) ______ attachment style demand closeness, are less trusting, and are more emotional, jealous, and possessive in their relationships.

anxious

Which of the following attachment styles has been linked to addiction to social networking sites in college?

anxious

Individuals with a(n) ______ attachment style tend to distance themselves from their partners.

avoidant

When individuals are hesitant about getting involved in romantic relationships and when in a relationship, they distance themselves from their partner, they are exhibiting which type of attachment style?

avoidant attachment

When methods of parenting are passed on from one generation to the next,

both desirable and undesirable practices are perpetuated.

As compared to U.S. romantic relationships, which of the following is stronger in Chinese romantic relationships?

commitment

Affectionate love is also called ______ love and occurs when someone desires to have the other person near.

companionate

Which of the following are typically emphasized in relationship education programs for adolescents and emerging adults?

conflict resolution strategies communication skills

Couples that are high in what personality trait tend to have more satisfying marriages?

conscientiousness

If passion, intimacy, and commitment are all strong, the result is ______, which is the fullest type of love.

consummate

What is one of the most common psychological characteristics of divorced adults?

difficulty trusting a new romantic partner

The effects of relationship education programs are, on average, stronger for participants who are

disadvantaged.

Alcoholism, psychological problems, domestic violence, infidelity, and lack of household labor division are reasons for marital

divorce

As compared to most other countries, the United States has more of which of the following?

divorces short-term cohabiting remarriages marriages

The recent decades have seen a ______ in the percentage of unmarried adults.

dramatic rise

If divorce is going to occur it usually takes place _____ (early/late) in a marriage

early

Which two of the following characteristics would best predict marriage longevity?

education ethnicity

Which of the following are trends that influence the next generation's ability to form and sustain positive marriages?

effect of the media on marital attitudes and behavior individualism lack of understanding of the meaning of marriage

Securely attached adults are more likely to:

enjoy sex within a committed relationship.

If passion and commitment are present but intimacy is not, such as when one person worships another from a distance, which of the following is present according to Sternberg?

fatuous love

Single adults face several challenges including which of the following?

finding a niche in a marriage-oriented society confronting loneliness in their lives confronting social prejudices forming intimate relationships with other adults

As compared to most other countries, adult lifestyles and relationships in the United States are best characterized as:

fluid

According to marriage experts, what are two aspects of a successful marriage that function as self-repair processes?

forgiveness commitment

As compared to marriages earlier in the twentieth century, today's marriages are more

fragile and intense.

Most people learn parenting practices

from their own parents.

According to current research, experiences early in life are

important determinants in what an individual will be like later in adulthood.

In the United States, same-sex marriage is legal

in all states.

In recent years, the number of Americans who never marry has

increased

Divorce among the remarried is

increasing

In relationships, self-disclosure and the sharing of private thoughts are hallmarks of intense closeness, or _____.

intimacy

Juggling the competing demands of which three of the following becomes a central task as adolescents move into adulthood?

intimacy independence identity

One recurring theme in most types of love is

intimacy.

According to researchers, when is the best age to get married?

it is unknown

The adult male pattern of friendship often involves ______ while sharing useful information.

keeping one's distance

A study of young adults predicted that marriage is considered more important in their life than which of the following?

leisure activities careers parenting

In general, men are less likely than women to succeed at following which marriage principle put forth by Gottman?

letting your partner influence you

What relationships are characterized by both elevated levels of support and higher levels of control and jealousy?

long-term adolescent relationships

What term did Gottman use to describe spouses' personal insights into each other's worlds?

love maps

Research on cohabitation has shown that the correlation between cohabiting and marriage stability

may be due to the values that cause people to cohabit in the first place.

Which of the following is a major problem with online romantic relationships?

misrepresentation

If we measure an individual's self-concept at the age of 20, and then again at the age of 30, we will probably find Blank______ if we measured the individual's self-concept at the age of 10 and then again at the age of 30.

more stability than

In collectivist cultures, intimacy is often more diffused in romantic relationships because

people have more connections outside the relationship.

Friendship ______ development throughout the life span.

plays an important role in

Research shows that insecure attachment in adulthood is associated with which of the following?

risky sexual behavior increased risk of suicidal ideation

What type of love is also called passionate love and has strong components of sexuality and infatuation?

romantic

Which of the following has the strongest correlation with marital satisfaction?

satisfaction with sex life

Research has found that following the transition from dating to cohabitation, relationships are characterized by less

satisfaction.

Individuals with a(n) _____ attachment pattern have positive views of relationships, find it easy to get close to others, and are not overly concerned with or stressed out about their romantic relationships.

secure

Someone with which type of attachment style would be the least likely to be overly concerned with or stressed out about their romantic relationships?

secure attachment style

Troy indicates being quite secure in his marital relationship. This feeling of security would indicate Troy was probably ______ a attached infant.

securely

Cohabitation refers to living together in a ______ relationship without being married.

sexual

Romantic love has strong components of ______ and infatuation.

sexuality

On average, dual-earner same-sex couples are more likely to ______, compared to dual-earner opposite-sex couples.

share household responsibilities

Intimacy always includes which of the following components?

sharing of private thoughts self-disclosure

Research on premarital education suggests that it ______.

should take place 6-12 months before the wedding is linked to higher marital satisfaction

In a study of never married men, which of the following was the most important factor they were looking for in a potential spouse?

similar ideas about having and raising children

Which two of the following would be most likely to be in a marriage for more than 20 years?

someone with a bachelor's degree an Asian American woman

After a divorce, women are more likely than men to:

suffer financial hardship perceive the divorce as a chance for a new start

Of the following countries, which has the lowest percentage of single adults?

the United States

Because of the nuances and complexities involved in the variety of gender identities and expressions that are different from the gender identity that was assigned at birth, experts have recently argued that a better overarching umbrella term ______might be used.

trans

The term ______ is used to describe individuals whose gender identity is different from the one assigned to them at birth

transgender

Which of the following characterize relationships of securely attached adults?

trust commitment longevity

Most divorces occur

within the fifth to tenth years of marriage.

Who is more likely to seek a divorce?

women

Which of the following factors contribute to a higher incidence of divorce?

youthful marriage having no religious affiliation low income