PSY 150 4

Your aunt, who has several bad habits, recently found out she is pregnant. What is the best advice you can give her?

Quit drinking immediately.

Immediately after birth, Giada's son Maxwell was able to display the rooting reflex. Which of the following behaviors did Giada observe Maxwell doing?

When the corner of his mouth was stroked, Maxwell turned to search for food.

Elizabeth is going to decorate her newborn's room and wants the baby to be able to see the decorations. Which of the following should she use to decorate?

a wall hanging with a large black-and-white checked fabric

Baby George's mother leaves him sitting in the grocery cart as she goes around the corner searching for cake mix. George screams as she leaves, reaches for her when she returns, but then pushes her away. George's behavior is most consistent with a(n) ________ attachment style.

ambivalent

Mary and Eric are outside playing one day when Eric looks up and asks, "What's that big bright ball in the sky?" Mary replies that it is the sun. That night, Eric looks out his bedroom window and sees a big, bright ball in the sky. "Look, Mary, it is the sun!" he exclaims. This example shows that Eric has used ________ for his new knowledge.

assimilation

Zandra's mother brings her 2-year-old daughter to a new dentist. Zandra's mother leaves the room and Zandra is momentarily alone with the dental hygienist, whom Zandra smiles at and plays with. When Zandra's mother returns, Zandra barely glances up and continues to play patty-cake with the dental hygienist. Zandra would most likely be classified as having a(n) ________ attachment.

avoidant

Helen keeps her new baby boy well fed and clean. However, she does not want to spoil him, so she does not hold him or touch him too much. After reading about Harry Harlow's research, Helen now knows that

babies need to be touched and held to develop normally.

Kara explains to her roommate why Harry Harlow's experiments were so important to explaining an infant's socio-emotional development. Kara correctly says that his results demonstrate that

comforting touch is more important than food, particularly when an infant is stressed.

Jerome is busy developing in his mother's womb. Jerome will begin developing lungs during the ________ period.

embryonic

Peggy's parents are amazed at how much their daughter has changed. Over the past year, she became interested in doing chemistry experiments. Peggy predicts what will happen when she combines two chemicals together and then observes the results to see whether her hypothesis was correct. Peggy is most likely in the ________ stage of cognitive development.

formal operational

Nicholas is an infant researcher and wants to use the strange-situation test in his work. Nicholas is most likely interested in seeing

how infants respond to separation and reunion with their caregivers.

Kane and MJ are sitting across from each other drawing pictures of their family room. When asked to draw the family room from MJ's perspective, Kane draws a picture of what he can see himself. Kane is likely in the ________ stage of cognitive development.

preoperational

Damien likes to put all sorts of things, like bugs, dirt, and shoelaces, in his mouth. He also likes his toy train; however, he seems to lose interest in playing with the train whenever his brother hides it. Damien is most likely in the ________ stage of development.

sensorimotor

Your friend Phia is one month pregnant. You tell her to eliminate any exposure to teratogens right now, because they could harm the embryo. When she asks what they could do to the embryo, you say that, right now, the teratogens could cause problems with

structural development of the baby's spine or brain.

McKenzie is new at observing infant behavior in the strange-situation test and is uncertain how to assess baby Stephan's actions. If she guesses that he is securely attached, he most likely

was not afraid of strangers when his mother was in the room with him.