PSY 200: ch 13 -a,b,c,d

People who have a nontwin sibling with schizophrenia have about a _____ chance of developing the disorder.

1 in 10

Frederic's brother has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Frederic is afraid that this means he may also have the disorder. Based on information in the textbook, Frederic can be reassured that only about _____ percent of nontwin siblings risk being diagnosed with schizophrenia.

9

Which fact offers the strongest support for the argument that anorexia nervosa is a culture-bound syndrome?

Anorexia nervosa occurs predominantly in Western or "westernized" countries.

The current, authoritative set of guidelines for diagnosing psychological disorders is found in the:

DSM-5

Like most mental health professionals in North America, Dr. Hassel uses the _____, which is an evidenced-based classification system of mental disorders.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Stacy likes to organize her room. She has a spot for everything and is very particular about where things go. When it is time for her to go to work, she has no problem leaving her room, even though she has the urge to clean her room again when she gets home. A psychologist claims that Stacy doesn't have obsessive-compulsive disorder. Why?

Her obsession of cleanliness doesn't stop her from going to work.

_____ are the absence or reduction of normal behaviors in those with schizophrenia.

Negative symptoms

Albert continues to have nightmares and flashbacks about the time his hotel collapsed during an earthquake. He feels guilty that he survived the collapse when others in the hotel did not. He lies awake at night thinking about it and fearing what he will see when he closes his eyes. With which mental disorder would a therapist diagnose Albert?

PTSD

_____ involves recurring panic attacks that are unexpected and for which there is no apparent cue or trigger.

Panic disorder

Which statement is TRUE for the United States?

Women attempt suicide more often than men do, but men are more often successful at completing suicide.

Johnny's heartbeat suddenly increases, his breath shortens, and he is afraid to leave the house for fear of having a panic attack. He doesn't know why he feels this way, and he cannot pinpoint something in the environment that could have triggered these feelings. Johnny MOST likely has:

a panic disorder.

Glen believes that all people with psychological disorders are dangerous. His belief is an example of:

a social stigma.

Mood disorders are also known as:

affective disorders

A serial killer was seen as an upstanding member of the community, involved in the church by day while secretly killing prostitutes by night. When caught, he remained emotionless while he provided a detailed account of murdering 10 people. He was exhibiting personality characteristics commonly seen in _____ personality disorder.

antisocial

Also known as "_____," this unpleasant emotional state involves physical arousal and feelings of tension, apprehension, and worry.

anxiety

The differentiating feature between a dissociative disorder and a dissociative experience is that in the disorder, the dissociative experiences:

are more extreme and disrupt everyday functioning.

Hikikomori is a syndrome first identified in Japan in the 1970s. How many young Japanese now live with the syndrome?

at least 1,000,000

Liam is often very sullen and severely depressed. Sometimes he will go days without getting out of bed. Yet, every so often, he has a burst of energy lasting a week or two, during which he barely sleeps and often starts major renovation projects, knocking down walls and tearing up floors in order to make over his house into a "masterpiece." Based on his symptoms, what disorder is Liam MOST likely exhibiting?

bipolar disorder

After interviewing Estella, Dr. Albert determined that she has experienced one manic episode, along with substantial psychological distress and great impairment in daily functioning. Dr. Albert assigns her a diagnosis of:

bipolar disorder.

The police brought Elaine to the emergency department after she was seen running down the street in her underwear yelling, "I have the power." Elaine also spent large amounts of money and was rude and reckless over the past five days. In the emergency department, Elaine would not stop talking long enough for the nurse to ask her questions. Elaine is MOST likely suffering from:

bipolar disorder.

According to the textbook, "eating disorders frequently co-occur with other psychiatric disorders." Which concept is MOST relevant to this quote?

comorbidity

Psychological disorders that are found only in a single culture are called "_____ disorders."

culture-bound

Eating disorders are associated with a(n) _____ in the brain activity of the neurotransmitter _____.

decrease; serotonin

Sam is convinced that he can fly. Although he has tried jumping off the garage roof several times but did not fly, he still believes he can fly. This is an example of a(n):

delusion.

Ted will not change his clothes because he believes that there are secret alien police that can catch you only if you are naked. Ted's belief is an example of a(n):

delusion.

Jake has dissociative amnesia and was found wandering in a public park dressed in pajamas. When he was questioned by the police, he could not remember where he was from and what he was planning to do. He is probably experiencing:

dissociative fugue

Walt has dissociative amnesia and is found wandering in a grocery store dressed in pajamas. He is probably experiencing:

dissociative fugue.

Which is NOT an example of something associated with a dissociative disorder?

dissociative histrionics

Which category of mental disorders in the DSM-5 includes bulimia and anorexia nervosa?

eating disorders

Two _____ symptoms of major depressive disorder are feelings of helplessness and worthlessness.

emotional

Hannah's mother died abruptly six months ago. Since then, Hannah has been unable to go to work or classes, and she continues to suffer emotionally. From this description, it is likely that Hannah's response:

exceeds that of the normal mourning process.

Anytime someone is diagnosed with a mental disorder, he or she runs the risk of being labeled, which can lead to the formation of:

expectations from others and from himself or herself.

Last year, Nikki was diagnosed with schizophrenia. One of her symptoms was related to inappropriate emotion. She sometimes lapsed into a "zombie-like" state of apparent apathy known as:

flat affect.

One cluster of personality disorders exhibits dramatic or impulsive behaviors. For example, someone with _____ personality disorder displays shallow, attention-getting emotions and goes to great lengths to gain praise.

histrionic

When someone meets Lanie, one of the first things they notice is that she is very dramatic and impulsive. She is a "drama queen" who displays shallow, attention-getting emotions and will do whatever she can to get people to praise her. Lanie exhibits characteristics typical of _____ personality disorder.

histrionic

The key features characteristic in personality disorders are:

inflexible, maladaptive patterns of functioning.

The difference between normal anxiety and pathological anxiety is that pathological anxiety has three features NOT present in normal anxiety. Pathological anxiety is:

irrational, uncontrollable, and disruptive.

Jaxon has been having difficulties getting out of bed and is not interested in going out with friends or even answering the phone. He has let a number of bills go unpaid, he is sleeping 12 to 14 hours per day, and he cannot concentrate at work. In fact, he frequently calls in sick. Jaxon is MOST likely suffering from a(n) _____ disorder.

major depressive

Refusing to leave the house, refusing to speak, lacking emotion and experiencing lethargy are all _____ of schizophrenia.

negative symptoms

Repeated and uncontrollable irrational thoughts that cause anxiety are _____, and they differ from the repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are performed to reduce the anxiety, which are _____.

obsessions; compulsions

Michael is extremely fearful of germs. He sleeps in a special chamber at night, wears gloves all the time, and will eat only food that he himself can unwrap. His symptoms are MOST characteristic of:

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Ataque de nervios (attack of nerves) in Latin American cultures, is comparable to _____ in Western cultures.

panic attacks

Which is NOT a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder?

paranoia

Despite being a faithful wife, Ms. Smith dreads going home because, if she is even five minutes late, her husband accuses her of having an affair. He insists that he is "not affected" by her behavior, but "knows" that she "hates" him and is interested in other men. Of the personality disorders discussed in the text, which is MOST likely to be Mr. Smith's condition?

paranoid personality disorder

If Jasmine avoids any situation in which help may not be available in case a panic attack strikes, she may be suffering from a(n):

phobia.

A 25-year-old woman has come to the local police precinct to complain that her neighbors are trying to kill her by poisoning her drinking water. She reports also being concerned for her life because the TV anchor on the morning news warned her, "They are coming to get you, Ms. Taylor." The woman appears to be exhibiting the _____ symptoms of schizophrenia.

positive

Franklin was seen laughing inappropriately in the library as if he were responding to internal stimuli. On the bus home, he was crying uncontrollably and suddenly became angered when a fellow passenger offered him a tissue. His excess of inappropriate behavior is known as:

positive symptoms.

Flashbacks, exaggerated startle reactions, intrusive thoughts, and chronic overarousal are all symptoms of _____ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

Years after he barely survived a terrorist attack that killed his wife and two children, Mr. Puskari suffers recurring flashbacks and frequent nightmares of the event. They render him incapable of holding a steady job. Mr. Puskari is showing signs of:

posttraumatic stress disorder.

The severe disturbance in eating behavior known as an eating disorder is a type of:

psychological disorder.

Dr. Alfonso investigates the pattern of development of psychological disorders. Dr. Alonso's field of specialization is known as:

psychopathology.

Ever since childhood, Jaime has been eccentric. She exhibits emotionless disengagement to such a great degree that she would possibly be diagnosed with _____ personality disorder.

schizoid

Ms. Higgins believes that aliens from another planet have removed her stomach and are watching to see how long it takes her to grow another. Ms. Higgins is MOST likely suffering from:

schizophrenia.

The disabling psychological disorder that can include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and abnormal psychomotor behavior is called:

schizophrenia.

Mr. Klein has been diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder because he:

shows emotional indifference and social detachment.

One of the BEST predictors of the onset of an episode of major depressive disorder is exposure to a:

stressful event.

Which disorder is a culture-bound syndrome?

taijin kyofusho

The role of brain structure in schizophrenia has been heavily researched. The findings indicate that one or two differences are often evident in the brains of those with schizophrenia: enlargement of fluid-filled cavities called "_____" and the loss of _____ tissue. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

ventricles; grey matter