PSY 328 Cognitive Psych. Quiz 7 (Chp 13)

Josiah is trying to decide whether or not to take a new job in a new city. The decision is creating a lot of anxiety in him, which is an example of an

integral immediate emotion

According to your text, the key to solving the Wason four-card problem is

the falsification principle

For which type of syllogism do people exhibit the best performance in judging validity?

Affirming the antecedent

If you are given the information that in order to vote in a presidential election, you must be at least 18 years of age, and that Will voted in the last presidential election, you can logically conclude that Will is at least 18 years old.? This is an example of using _____ reasoning.

Deductive

The finding that people tend to incorrectly conclude that more people die from tornados than from asthma has been explained in terms of the

availability heuristic

Glinda is sure that if her boyfriend proposes, she will feel elation. This is an example of an

expected emotion

Given its definition, expected utility theory is most applicable to deciding whether to

buy first class or coach tickets for a spring break trip

The similarity-coverage model demonstrates the influence of _____ on the strength of inductive arguments.

categorization

If a motorcycle cop believes that young female drivers speed more than other drivers, he will likely notice young female drivers speeding in the fast lane but fail to notice young male or older drivers doing the same. In this case, the police officer?s judgments are biased by the operation of the...

confirmation bias

Making probable conclusions based on evidence involves _____ reasoning.

inductive

Utility refers to?

outcomes that achieve a person's goals

When the ?abstract? version of the Wason four-card problem is compared to a ?concrete? version of the problem (in which beer, soda, and ages are substituted for the letters and numbers),

performance is better for the concrete task

The permission schema is an example of a(n)

pragmatic reasoning schema

Imagine that your friend James has just taken up the habit of smoking cigars because he thinks it makes him look cool. You are concerned about the detrimental effects of smoking on his health, and you raise that concern to him. James gets a bit annoyed with your criticism and says ?George Burns smoked cigars, and he lived to be 100!? You might point out that a major problem with his ?George Burns? argument involves

sample size

Perseveration represents difficulty in

shifting to a new behavior

Omission bias involves

tending to do nothing rather than making a decision that could be interpreted as causing harm.

A syllogism is valid if?

the conclusion follows logically from the two premises