PSY

Which of the following is true regarding obtaining informed consent in Dr. Kushner's study?

He needs to obtain informed consent because there is a likelihood of risk in his study.

In considering whether research is ethical, which of the following are balanced against each other?

Risk to participants versus value of the knowledge gained

Which of the following is true of students' views of deception and harm in research studies?

Students can find deception to be stressful.

Dr. Kushner suspects that the people who will most benefit from his study are high school and college students, who are asked to perform cognitive functions in various states of sleep deprivation. Given this information, what type of participants should Dr. Kushner recruit for his study?

Students from a community college

Imagine that Dr. Kushner is a clinical psychologist who volunteers his time at a local prison counseling several inmates. Because of his connections there, he is considering using prisoners as his participants. The institutional review board (IRB) that reviews his committee must have which of the following as a member?

A prisoner advocate

Which of the following is NOT an example of coercion?

A researcher offering three points of extra credit to college students to participate in a study

Imagine that Dr. Kushner is a clinical psychologist who volunteers his time at a local prison counseling several inmates. Because of his connections there, he is considering using prisoners as his participants. Why is this choice potentially problematic?

According to the Belmont Report, prisoners are entitled to special protection.

What is the difference between data that is collected anonymously and data that is collected confidentially?

Confidential research collects participants' names but separates them from the data; anonymous research does not collect participants' names.

Why is it unethical to provide an incentive that is too large to refuse (for example, offering undergraduate students free tuition for a semester for participating in a study)?

It unduly influences people into participating.

Which of the following events did NOT occur in the Tuskegee Study?

Participants in the study were given/infected with the disease.

The belief that the participants in a research study should be representative of the type of people who would also benefit from the findings of the research stems from which principle of the Belmont Report?

The principle of justice

The issue of obtaining informed consent deals with which of the following principles of the Belmont Report?

The principle of respect for persons

In addition to being ethical violations, why are data falsification and fabrication problematic?

They impede scientific progress.

To address the Belmont principle of beneficence, Dr. Kushner would need to ask which of the following questions?

What can I do to decrease the potential harm experienced by my participants?

Ethical decision making should be:

a thoughtful balance