PSY101 Quiz 1

In a discussion with your professor, she tells you that she believes that the focus of psychological study should be to break the conscious experience into its basic elements. Which of the following historical schools of thought is your professor's idea MOST indicative of?

structuralism

Zuli want to be a professional psychologist. What type of degree must Zuli earn to work as a professional psychologist?

Doctorate

The individual most closely associated with the recent development of positive psychology is

Martin Seligman

In everyday life people usually think of a behavior as having _____, while in contrast psychology views behavior as having _____.

a single cause; multiple causes

Critical thinking refers to

analysis of problems in terms of scientific principles, making decisions based on formal and informal logic, thinking that includes consideration of conflicting interpretations. (all the above)

The school of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems is called ________ psychology.

applied

Although functionalism faded away as a theoretical force in psychology, historians credit it with two important contributions to the discipline that include the development of

behaviorism and applied psychology

The psychologist who would be MOST likely to study rats in a laboratory setting would be a

behaviorist

The most widely practiced specialization in applied psychology is _____ psychology.

clinical

Which core psychological research area is primarily devoted to the study of such topics as memory, problem-solving, and thinking?

cognitive

Which pair of terms reflects the observation that "psychology returned to its roots" in the latter part of the 20th century?

cognitive perspective and biological perspective

The research area that made up the core of psychology in the first fifty years of its existence goes by the collective name of

experimental psychology

Dr. Johnson is a psychotherapist who believes that therapists need to take account of their clients' drive for personal growth. She also believes that humans and other animals are fundamentally different and focuses on an optimistic view of human motivation. She is a(n) _____ psychologist.

humanistic

Over the last 50 years membership in the American Psychological Association has

increased dramatically

In criticizing the structuralists' reliance on the method of introspection, William James argued that two people could view the same stimulus quite differently. James's argument illustrates which of the textbook's unifying themes?

our experience of the world is highly subjective

During the last few decades people have become more aware of the sexual abuse of children by adults, and psychologists have devoted more research attention to the long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse. These observations BEST reflect which unifying theme in psychology?

psychology evolves in a socio-historical context

Which of the following is NOT included in the text's definition of psychology?

psychology primarily studies the unconscious mind

Which of the following is good advice for getting more out of class lectures?

read the relevant pages in the text before the lecture

Dr. Vasquez has found that many Asians feel uncomfortable with the expression of emotions and disclosure of personal information. As a consequence, Dr. Vasquez has made several suggestions for ways in which psychological counseling might be modified to benefit people from Asian backgrounds. Based on this information, you could infer that Dr. Vasquez investigates

the role of cultural factors in psychological processes.

A system of interrelated ideas used to explain a set of observations is called a(n)

theory