PSY252 Final

When Daniel Offer and his colleagues studied the self-images of adolescents in the United States, Australia, Bangladesh, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Taiwan, and West Germany, at least _____ percent of the adolescents displayed a healthy self-imgae. a) 25 b) 48 c) 60 d) 73

D) 73

HDL is often referred to as ____ cholesterol. a) "good" b) "simple" c) "bad" d) "compound"

a) "good"

A consensus is developing that the key changes in identity are more likely to take place at ____. a) 18 to 25 years b) 15 to 17 years c) 12 to 15 years d) 9 to 12 years

a) 18 to 25 years

In 2010, _____ percent of single, divorced, or widowed women 65 years and older lived in poverty. a) 19 b) 8 c) 22 d) 44

a) 19

At which age do infants have the highest risk of dying from SIDS? a) 2 to 4 months b) 5 to 6 months c) 7 to 9 months d) 10 to 12 months of age

a) 2 to 4 months

In the University of Michigan Monitoring the Future Study, ___ percent of high school seniors said they had been in a vehicle with a drugged or drinking driver in the past two weeks. a) 30 B) 70 c) 20 d) 40

a) 30

In the US, in 2007, burial, ____ percent of corpses were disposed of by cremation a)34 b) 66 c) 50 d) 90

a) 34

In a survey conducted by AARP, ____ percent of the divorced women said they initiated the divorce compared with only ____ percent of the divorced men. a) 66; 41 b) 35; 55 c) 27; 35 d) 72; 38

a) 66;41

An estimated ____ percent of survivors experience normal or uncomplicated grief reactions that include sadness and even disbelief or considerable anguish a) 80 to 90 b) 70 to 80 c) 60 to 70 d) 50 to 60

a) 80 to 90

In 2010, _____ percent of older adults in the US were living in poverty. a) 9 b) 12 c) 23 d) 24

a) 9

Who is the founder of the present field of cognitive development? a) Jean Piaget b) Lawrence Kohlberg c) Albert Bandura d) Erik Erikson

a) Jean Piaget

Cholesterol comes in two forms ____ and HDL a) LDL b) BDL c) GAL d) QUL

a) LDL

An ____ states such preferences as whether life-sustaining procedures should or should not be used to prolong the life of an individual when death is imminent. a) advance directive b) choice in dying c) oral will d) representation agreement

a) advance directive

Prejudice against others because of their age, especially prejudice against older adults, is known as ____ a) ageism b) adultism c) racism d) adultcentrism

a) ageism

One study explored links between health behavior and life satisfaction in more than 17,000 individuals 17 to 30 years of age in 21 countries. The young adults life satisfaction was NOT found to be positively related to ____. a) alcohol consumption b) limiting fat intake c) using sun protection d) eating fruits

a) alcohol consumption

Brain death occurs when: a) all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time. b) a person remains unconscious for a specified period of time c) the lower regions of the brain stop functioning d) the body loses the ability to breath on its own

a) all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time

Recent studies confirmed that ____ individuals showed strong ambivalence toward a romantic partner. a) attachment-anxious b) securely attached c) attachment-avoidant d) attachment-disorganized

a) attachment-anxious

Most of us reach our peak physical performance: a) before the age of 30, often between the ages of 19 and 26. b) often between the ages of 15 and 22 c) before the age of 20 d) before the age of 22, often between the ages of 14 and 19

a) before the age of 30, often between the ages of 19 and 26.

A survey across a range of 21 developed and developing countries revealed that a majority of adults in their sixties and seventies reported: a) being in control of their lives b) experiencing a severe lack of self-control c) having very low self-esteem d) having a high level of negative emotions

a) being in control of their lives

Most adolescents from ethnic minority groups develop a ____ identity. a) bicultural b) bilingual c) mixed-cultural d) monocultural

a) bicultural

Which of the following has been found to be true about binge drinking? a) binge drinking has declined among high school seniors since 1980. b) binge drinking has increased for students in the eighth grade in recent years c) binge drinking has increased for students in the tenth grade in recent years d) females engage in more binge drinking than males

a) binge drinking has declined among high school seniors since 1980.

Which of the following is true about cigarette smoking? a) children of smokers are at special risk for respiratory and middle-ear disease b) more people smoke today than in the past c) a small percentage of all living adults who have ever smoked have quit d) most adult smokers are unwilling to quit because they are unaware of the dangers of cigarette smoking

a) children of smokers are at special risk for respiratory and middle ear diseases

The majority of sibling relationships in adulthood are ____. a) close b) neutral c) apathetic d) distant

a) close

The term Baltes uses to describe the "hardware" of the mind, meaning the neurophysiological architecture of the brain through evolution, is: a) cognitive mechanics b) cognitive perceptions c) cognitive pragmatics d) crystallized intelligence

a) cognitive mechanics

_____ reflects an individuals personal investment in identity. a) commitment b) collaboration c) calling d) conscientiousness

a) commitment

According to the study by Lloyd Johnston and his colleagues at the Institute of Social Research at the University of Michigan monitoring the drug use of America's high school seniors in a wide range of public and private high schools, the percentage of illicit drug use: a) declined in the late 1990s b) was highest during the early 1990s c) has been at the same level since 1990 d) increased significantly between

a) declined in the late 1990s

According to Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, which of the following is the first stage of dying? a) denial and isolation b) bargaining c) acceptance d) depression

a) denial and isolation

Which of the following is the main treatment for Parkinson in the earlier stages? a) dopamine agonists b) L-dopa c) cholinerase inhibitors d) acetylcholine

a) dopamine agonists

Emerging adults have ___ chronic health problems, and they have ____ colds and respiratory problems than when they wer children. a) few; fewer b) several; far more c) many; fewer d) hardly any; significantly higher

a) few; fewer

____ percent of women 75 years and older live alone a) fifty b) thirty c) seventy d) seventy-five

a) fifty

Identity ___ is the status of individuals who have made a commitment but not experienced a crisis. a) foreclosure b) moratorium c) achievement d) diffusion

a) foreclosure

In the ___ style of grandparenting, the grandparent perform what was considered to be a proper and prescribed role; these grandparents show a strong interest in their grandchildren but are careful not to give child-rearing advice. a) formal b) remote c) fun-seeking d) distant

a) formal

According to Piaget, the _____ stage of cognitive development characterizes adults as well adolescents. a) formal operational b) concrete operational c) sensorimotor d) preoperational

a) formal operational

In the sixth grade, early-maturing girls show____ with their figures than do late-maturing girls, but by the tenth grade late-maturing girls are more ____. a) greater satisfaction:satsified b) less confidence; conflicted c) greater preoccupation: preoccupied d) more unhappiness; unhappy

a) greater satisfication; satisfied

Cohorts refer to: a) groups of individuals born in the same year or time period. b) groups of individuals who have the same socioeconomic status c) individuals of the same gender d) individuals who are working in the same field

a) groups of individuals born in the same year or time period.

Most psychologists emphasize that ___ is the best strategy in discussing death with children. a) honesty b) evasion c) lying d) distraction

a) honesty

According to Erikson, the _____ stage of development involves reflecting on the past and either piecing together a positive review or concluding that one's life has not been well spent. a) integrity vs. despair b) autonomy vs. shame c) industry vs. inferiority d) generativity vs. stagnation

a) integrity vs. despair

In general, maintenance of ties with the deceased is an accepted practice in: a) Japan b) the hopi of arizona c) bali d) US

a) japan

A study of more than 1,000 college students by currier, holland and neinmeyer found that _____ was an important factor in their grieving of a violent loss by accident, homicide, or suicide. a) making sense b) denial and isolation c) bargaining d) perceived control

a) making sense

With regard to the timing of remarriage, in the United States: a) men tend to remarry sooner than women do b) women tend to remarry sooner than men do. c) men with lower incomes are more likely to remarry than their counterparts who have high incomes d) men and women have an equal liklihood of remarrying.

a) men tend to remarry sooner than women do.

According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, the trajectory of motivation for knowledge-related goals declines during: a) middle and late adulthood b) adolescence and early adulthood c) early childhood d) infancy

a) middle and late adulthood

In the United States, between 1980 and 2004 the percentage of Latinos and Asian Americans ___ in the workplace. a) more than doubled b) remained the same c) more than tripled d) dramatically declined

a) more than doubled

In the tanala culture of madagascar, death is believed to be caused by: a) natural forces b) magic and demons c) ill-will of others in the community d) an avenging spirit

a) natural forces

Which of the following is another name for romantic love? a) passionate love b) affectionate love c) companionate love d) consummate love

a) passionate love

The Seattle Longitudinal Study concluded that middle age is a time of: a) peak performance for verbal ability b) great decline for inductive reasoning c) moderate decline for spatial abilities d) increased mathematical abilities

a) peak performance for verbal ability

The early stages of love have more ___ love ingredients. a) romantic b) companionate c) passionate d) consummate

a) romantic

Hospice are more likely to serve people with ____ than those with other life threatening conditions a) terminal cancer b) AIDS c) cardiovascular disease d) genetic disorders

a) terminal cancer

According to E. Mavis Hetherington's research, the largest group of divorced people falls into the category of: a) the good enoughs b) the enhancers c) the seekers d) the defeated

a) the good enoughs

Adult daughters are ____ times more likely than are adult sons to give parents assistance with daily living activities. a) three b) five c) two d) four

a) three

Exercise can reduce the risk of all of the following conditions EXCEPT: a) type one diabetes b) stroke c) osteoporosis d) breast cancer

a) type one diabetes

In a survey conducted by AARP, the primary reason middle-aged and older women cited for wanted a divorce was: a) verbal, physical, or emotional abuse. b) alcohol or drug abuse c) cheating d) no obvious problems; they just fell out of love

a) verbal, physical, or emotional abuse

____, which is closely linked to short-term memory, is like a place for doing mental jobs and allows children and adults to manipulate and assemble information when making decisions, solving problems, and comprehending written and spoken language. a) working memory b) episodic memory c) working cognition d) source memory

a) working memory

____ learning is a form of education that promotes social responsibility and service to the community. a) service b) social c) collaborative d) cooperative

a)service

Sometimes euthanasia is called: a) "honor killing" b) "mercy killing" c) "quick death" d) "violent death"

b) "mercy killing"

Anorexia nervosa is about ____likely to occur in females than males. a) twice more b) 10 times more c) half as d) three times more

b) 10 times more

Late bloomers comprise apporxiamtely 10 percent ___ who say that they have had no experience with romantic relationships. a) 14 to 16 year olds b) 17 to 19 year olds c) 12 to 13 year olds d) 15 to 16 year olds

b) 17 to 19 year olds

Binge drinking peaks at about: a) 16 to 18 years b) 21 to 22 years c) 17 to 19 yeras d) 24 to 26 years

b) 21 to 22 years

A recent belgian study by Van Wesemael and others found that approximately ____ percent of the requests for euthanasia were granted a) 20 b) 60 c) 70 d) 30

b) 60

In the US, in 2007, ____ percent of corpses were disposed of by burial. a) 90 b) 66 c) 50 d) 25

b) 66

Currently the average duration of marriage in the United States is just over ___ years. a) 5 b) 9 c) 15 d) 23

b) 9

The type of white blood cell that is more likely to be present in low-stress circumstances are referred to as ___. a) plasma cells b) NK cells c) lymphocytes d) monocytes

b) NK cells

Almost half of the grandchildren who move in with grandparents are raised by: a) both grandparents b) a single grandmother c) a single grandfather d) both paternal and maternal grandparents

b) a single grandmother

According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, the trajectory of motivation for knowledge related goals peak in: a) middle and late adulthood b) adolescence and early adulthood c) early childhood d) infancy

b) adolescence and early adulthood

According to Kubler-ross, during the _____ stage of dying the realization of loss is great and those who symbolize life, energy, and competent functioning are especially salient targets of one dying person's resentment and jealousy a) bargaining b) anger c) depression d) acceptance

b) anger

As discussed in Chapter 1, apart from chronological age, individuals may have all of the following age categorizations EXCEPT: a) biological age b) anthropological age c) psychological age d) social age

b) anthropologoical age

According to Levinson, the changes to middle-adulthood requires that the adult male come to grips with four major conflicts. Which of the following is NOT one of these major conflicts? a) being young versus being old b) being attractive versus being unattractive c) being masculine versus being feminine d) being destructive versus being constructive

b) being attractive versus being unattractive

Factors at age 50 that were linked with being in the "happy-well" group at age 75 to 80 years of age included all of the following EXCEPT: a) being well-educated b) being wealthy c) having a stable marriage d) being forgiving

b) being wealthy

_____ illness often follows a pattern of an acute period that may require hospitalization, followed by a longer period of remission, and then repetitions of this pattern. a) acute b) chronic c) terminal d) debilitating

b) chronic

In the last half of the twentieth century and the first several years of the twenty-first century, U.S. high school dropout rates: a) increased b) declined c) remained unchanged d) plateuaed

b) declined

Since the early 1990s, the goal of maintaining a stable marriage has: a) become even more important than ever b) decreased in its level of relative importance c) replaced self-fulfillment as the most important life goal.

b) decreased in its level of relative importance

_____ can be used to avoid the destructive impact of shock by delaying the necessity of dealing with one's death a) acceptance b) denial c) anger d) depression

b) denial

Stages of adulthood in the Gusii culture of Kenya are defined by: a) a persons age b) events in a persons life c) the evaluations of the elders within a culture d) the type of midlife crisis the person experiences

b) events in a persons life

Which of the following statements about the timing and variations in puberty is true? a) children in European countries mature up to a year earlier than their American counterparts. b) For girls, menarche is considered within the normal range if it appears between the ages of 9 and 15. c) Genes have little to do with when and how puberty develops d) Non-Latino white girls experience puberty earlier than African American girls

b) for girls, menarche is considered within the normal range if it appears between the ages of 9 and 15.

The ___ issue raises questions about whether the young should be required to pay for the old. a) ageist culture b) generational equity c) social justice d) economic equity

b) generation equity

Identity development: a) is a single, neat process b) gets done in bits and pieces c) happens cataclysmically d) involves making decisions once and for all

b) gets done in bits and pieces

A study of tenth- graders revealed that: a) the number of romantic experiences reported had no link with levels of social acceptance experienced by adolescents b) having more romantic experience was linked to a higher level of substance use and delinquency c) co-rumination and romantic involvement predicted a decrease in depressive symtpoms d) having no experience of romantic relationships is a consistent predictor of depression and deviant behavior

b) having more romantic experience was linked to a higher level of substance use and delinquency.

Which of the following health issues is observed to occur at an above average rate to older African-Americans? a) diabetes mellitus b) high blood pressure c) lymphatic sarcoma d) arthritis

b) high blood pressure

Why is LDL referred to as "bad" cholesterol? a) it increases the risk of breast cancer b) high levels of LDL cause atherosclerosis c) it accelerates the process of aging d) low levels of LDL cause atherosclerosis

b) high levels of LDL cause atherosclerosis

Cohort effects are differences based on: a) gender b) historical contexts c) genetic traits d) cultural aspects

b) historical contexts

Researchers have extended the life of a human cell by: a) removing the cap of the DNA molecule b) injecting it with telomerase c) rearranging the DNA sequences d) splicing the 18th and 19th chromosome.

b) injecting it with telomerase

According to studies, which of the following is one of the most common sexual problems of older women? a) lack of foreplay b) lack of sexual interest c) partner non-cooperation d) reduced muscular movements

b) lack of sexual interest

The average adult in middle adulthood ___ height and ____ weight. a) loses; loses b) loses; gains c) gains; gains d) gains; loses

b) loses; gains

A girls first menstruation is called ____. a) adrenarche b) menarche c) spermarche d) gonadarche

b) menarche

According to Lachman, researchers have found that on average a sense of personal control peaks in ____ and then declines. a) early adulthood b) midlife c) adolescence d) late adulthood

b) midlife

In the Berkeley Longitudinal Study some years ago, early-matruing boys perceived themselves ___ than did their late-maturing counter parts. When the late-Maturing boys were in the their thirties, however, they had developed a ___ than the early-maturing boys had. a) as an anomaly; stronger feeling of inadequacy b) more positively; stronger sense of identity c) as misfits; a more negative self-image d) more negatively; deeper sense of regret

b) more positively; stronger sense of identity

One study by Sharp and others revealed that ____ was related to superior cognitive functioning and IQ across the life span. a) agreeableness b) openness c) extraversion d) neuroticism

b) openness

The type of care that is designed to reduce pain and suffering and help individuals die with dignity is known as: a) curative care b) palliative care c) terminal care d) compassionate care

b) palliative care

An intermittent, recurrent wish or need to recover the deceases person is known as ____ a) grief b) pining c) mourning d) obsession

b) pining

Middle-aged Americans agree that a major component of their well-being involves: a) physical health b) positive relationships c) recovery from midlife crisis d) better financial situation

b) positive relationships

Deborah Tannen analyzed the talk of men and women and found that compared with women, men prefer to engage in ___ talk. a) rapport b) report c) money d) informational

b) report

In Jewish tradition, the 30-day period following the burial including shivah is known as ____. a) rendering b) sheloshim c) aninut d) avelut

b) sheloshim

According to a recent study, college students from low-SES backgrounds ____ when compared to their higher-SES counterparts. a) engaged in higher levels of physical activity b) showed unhealthy weight control c) ate more fruits and vegetables d) ate less fast food

b) showed unhealthy weight control

Nicotine is a____. a) depressant b) stimulant c) narcotic d) sedative

b) stimulant

Which of the following is the third-leading cause of death in 10 to 19 year olds today in the United States? a) Homicide b) suicide c) MVA d) infectious diseases

b) suicide

In inverviews with 12 to 22 year old about finding their purpose in life, William Damon found that: a) most expressed no aspirations and in some instances said they didn't see any reason to have aspirations b) the largest percentage had engaged in some potentially purposeful activities but still did not have a real commitment or any reasonal plans for reaching their goals c) most have a clear vision of where they want to go in life, what they want to achieve, and why d) most of those who had engaged in service learning or career counseling had a commitment and reasonable plans for reaching their goals

b) the largest percentage had engaged in some potentially purposeful activities but still did not have a real commitment or any reasonable plans for reaching their goals.

Data from 2009 indicate that in the U.S. for the first time in history: a) adults began to cohabit instead of entering into marriages. b) the proportion of individuals 25 to 34 years who have never been married exceeded those who were married. c) the percentage of cohabiting adults began to decline. d) the proportion of individuals 25 to 34 years who are or have been married exceeded those who have never been never married.

b) the proportion of individuals 25 to 34 years who have never been married exceeded those who were married.

The majority of older adults living alone are widowed, encompassing ____ times as many women as men. a) two b) three c) four d) five

b) three

Which of the following is an example of a nonfatal chronic disorder? a) stroke b) bursitis c) cancer d) cardiovascular disease

b)bursitis

On average, today's workers in the US will spend _____ to ____ of their lives in retirement. a) 1 to 5 percent b) 5 to 10 percent c) 10 to 15 percent d) 15 to 20 percent

c) 10 to 15 percent

On average, body fat accounts for about ___ of body weight in middle age. a) 5 percent b) 10 percent c) 20 percent d) 15 percent

c) 20 percent

Which of the following is a drug that is used in the treatment of Parkinsons disease? a) ACE inhibitors b) cholinerase inhibitors c) L-dopa d) serotonin

c) L-dopa

A relationship marked by intimacy and commitment but low or lacking in passion is called ____, a pattern often found among couples who have been married for many years. a) romantic love b) consummate love c) affectionate love d) fatuous love

c) affectionate love

in 1900, most people died: a) in a hospital, cared for by medical staff b) in a nursing home c) at home, cared for by their family d) at a hospice

c) at home, cared for by their family

It is observed that respect for older adults is greater in ____ cultures than in ____ cultures. a) socialistic; capitalistic b) spiritualistic; competitive c) collectivistic; indiviualistic d) religious; materalistic

c) collectivistic; indivualistic

John Horn maintains that in middle adulthood, ___ intellligence continues to increase. a) fluid b) semantic c) cyrstallized d) multiple

c) crystallized

According to Helson's Mills College study, women who did not commit themselves to one of the lifestyle patterns (family-oriented, career-oriented, and those who followed niether path); a) were more prone to depression than those who followed one of those b) had a history of insecure attachment in childhood c) faced fewer challenges and did not develop as fully as the other women d) were more prone to experience marital dissatisfaction than other women

c) faced fewer challenges and did not develop as fully as the other women

According to Jean Piaget, around age 11, the fourth stage of cognitive development, the _____ stage, begins. a) concrete operational b) postoperational c) formal operational d) passive operational

c) formal operational

In a recent study by Cox and others, ____ was strongly linked to middle-aged adults positive social engagement in contects such as family life and community activities. a) stagnation b) self-concept c) generativity d) self-absoprtion

c) generativity

The ____ portions of the brain often die sooner than the ___ portions a) lower; higher b) lower; middle c) higher; lower d) middle; lower

c) higher; lower

_____ is a program committed to making the end of life as free from pain, anxiety, and depression as possible a) asylum b) hospital stay c) hospice d) compassionate care

c) hospice

Adolescents who do not successfully resolve their identity crisis suffer from what Erikson calls ___. a) identity diffusion b) unresolved identity c) identity confusion d) identity moratorium

c) identity confusion

Currently in the US, 90 percent of hospice care is provided a) in special units in hospitals b) in nursing homes c) in the patients homes d) in free-standing hospice facilities in the community

c) in he patients home

Which of the following statements about he trends in juvenile delinquency in the U.S. is not true? a) about half of the delinquency caseloads in 2005 involve females. b) is less likely to persist into emerging adulthood. c) is associated with more mental health problems d) is not associated with relationship problems, unlike late-onset antisocial behavior

c) is associated with more mental health problems

Most psychologists believe that it is best for dying individuals to: a) be unaware of their condition b) limit their interaction with others c) know that they are dying d) distance themselves from family and friends

c) know that they are dying

Gayle's divorce was final last year. During the first year after the divorce, Gayle spent every evening after work in a singles bar. She had several casual affairs. Gayle can be characterized as an: a) enhancer b) good-enough c) libertine d) competent loner

c) libertine

____ refers to a legal document that reflects the patients advance care planning. a) last request b) dying will c) living will d) easy death order

c) living will

Which of the following are mainly driving the increased media use by adolescents? a) newspapers b) desktop computers c) mobile media d) internet cafes

c) mobile media

Cigarette smoking among U.S. adolescents: a) peaked in 2005 and has gradually declined since then. b) has been increasing every year. c) peaked in 1996 and has gradually declined since then. d) has not seen a decline.

c) peaked in 1996 and has gradually declined since then.

According to Rober J. Sternberg's triarchic theory of love, ___ relates to the emotional feelings of warmth, closeness, and sharing in a relationship. a) attachment b) affectionate c) romantic d) consummate

c) romantic

The ____ are characterized by individuals were motivated to find new mates as soon as possible after their divorce. a) good enoughs b) enhancers c) seekers d) defeated

c) seekers

___ theory describes how people can produce new resources and allocate them effectively to the tasks they want to master a) activity b) selective optimization with compensation c) selection, optimization, and compensation d) remuneration, selection, and enhancement

c) selection, optimization, and compensation

The weight you maintain when you make no effort to gain or loswe weight is called your: a) ideal weight b) basal weight c) set point d) extreme point

c) set point

Obesity is ___ prevalent among women with low incomes than among with high incomes. a) far less b) marginally less c) several times more d) marginally more

c) several times more

This concept, recently described by Phylis Moen, reflects ingrained cultural beliefs that engaging in hard work for long hours through adulthood will produce a path to status, security, and happiness. a) the american dream b) the mythical career c) the career mystique d) the goldon handshake

c) the career mystique

Perceptual speed shows considerable decline in late adulthood and is strongly linked with declines in ____. a) selective attention b) semantics memory c) working memory d) divided attention

c) working memory

The concept of ___ emphasizes that changes in cognitive activity patterns might result in disuse and consequent atrophy of cognitive skills. a) multiple intelligence b) mindfulness c) terminal decline d) "use it or lose it"

d) "use it or lose it"

At ____ years of age, romantic relations are characterized by strong emotional bonds more closely resembling those in adult romantic relationships. a) 12 to 15 b) 11 to 13 c) 14 to 16 d) 17 to 19

d) 17 to 19

In Harrington and smiths study of patients with advanced cancer, only _____ of doctors told patients how long they were likely to live. a) 12 percent b) 8 percent c) 57 percent d) 37 percent

d) 37 percent

When people gain weight, the number of their ___ cells increases. a) epithelial b) nervous c) muscle d) adipose

d) adipose

In the ____ stage of dying, the dying person s question is, "why me?" a) acceptance b) denial c) bargaining d) anger

d) anger

Hardening of the arteries is known as ___. a) arteriosclerosis b) osteoporosis c) cardiosclerosis d) atherosclerosis

d) atherosclerosis

____ is a term that is used to describe the midlife transition in which fertility declines. a) puberty b) mearche c) spermarche d) climacteric

d) climacteric

____ are the culture-based "software programs" of the mind. a) cognitive functions b) cognitive perceptions c) cognitive mechanics d) cognitive pragmatics

d) cognitive pragmatics

Living together in a sexual relationship without being married is known as ____. a) consensual validation b) attachment c) coparenting d) cohabitation

d) cohabitation

The women's health initiative study of widowhood was a 3 year longitudinal study designed to examine the all of the aspects of widows except: a) physical health b) mental health c) health outcomes d) community relations

d) community relations

Hospice advocates underscore that it is possible to: a) limit the administration of pain medication and prevent addiction b) try new treatments for many incurable diseases c) find the cure for any dying individual d) control pain for almost any dying individual

d) control pain for almost any dying individual

____ is defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives. a) commitment b) calling c) conscientiousness d) crisis

d) crisis

Through controversial, it is indicated that self-esteem: a) increases in adolescence b) remains constant in adolescence c) shows no gender difference in adolescents d) declines in adolescent girls

d) declines in adolescent girls

As longitudinal study revealed taht the 15 percent most inhibited boys and girls at 4 to 6 years of age were rated as inhibited by their parents and; a) became assertive as adults b) experienced more social support later in life c) entered a stable job track earlier in adulthood d) delayed having a stable partnership

d) delayed having a stable partnership

A recent study revealed that college students from low-SES backgrounds ___ than their higher-SES counterparts. a) ate less fast food b) ate more fruits and vegetables c) controlled their weight better d) engaged in lower levels of physical activity

d) engaged in lower levels of physical activity

The oldest-old today are mostly: a) male b) instiutionalized c) married d) female

d) female

a recent meta-analysis of 128 studies found that through reminiscence therapy, clients attained a: a) lower sense of intimacy b) lower sense of generatively c) higher sense of despair d) higher sense of integrity

d) higher sense of integrity

Which of the following statements about identity development is true? a) synthesizing the identity components is a single, neat process in normal individuals. b) decisions about identity may take time, but once they are made, they are set for life c) identity development occurs in a single, one-step process. d) identity encompasses an individual's personality characteristics

d) identity encompasses an individuals' personality characteristics

Early-onset antisocial behavior: a) has lesser negative developmental outcomes than late-onset antisocial behavior b) is less likely to persist into emerging adulthood c) is associated with more mental health problems d) is not associated with relationship problems, unlike late -onse antisocial behavior

d) is not associated with relationship problmes, unlike late-onset antisocial behavior

According to the socioemotional selectivity theory, individuals are motivated by two types of goals- emotional and: a) spiritual b) practical c) relational d) knowledge related

d) knowledge related

In the gond culture of INdia, death is believed to be caused by: a) natural forces b) an angry supreme being c) the ill will of others in the community d) magic and demons

d) magic and demons

A person with ____ does not feel well, loses stamina easily, has poor appetite, and is listless and unmotivated. a) obsessive compulsive disorder b) schizophrenia c) dementia d) major depression

d) major depression

According to research by Rossi, which of the following were found to have the closest relationships during their adult years? a) fathers and sons b) mothers and sons c) fathers and daughters d) mothers and daughters

d) mothers and daughters

____ are excessively self-centered and self- congratulatory, viewing their own needs and desires as paramount. a) pessimists b) egotists c) pragmatists d) narcissists

d) narcissists

Approximately ____ of the total health bill of the US is for the care of adults 65 and over, who comprise only 12 percent of the population a) one-fifth b) one-fourth c) half d) one-third

d) one-third

A meta-analysis revealed that ___ was linked to pursuing entrepreneurial goals such as starting a new business, and to success in those pursuits. a) agreeableness b) neuroticism c) extraversion d) openness

d) opennes

Active euthanasia is legal in the state of: a) california b) florida c) new york d) oregon

d) oregon

____ invovles an extensive loss of bone tissue a) arteriosclerosis b) diabetes c) arthritis d) oseopororosis

d) osteoporsis

This type of grief that involves enduring despair that is still unresolved over an extended period of time has been labeled _____ disorder by holly prigerson and her colleagues a) depressive grief b) extended grief c) abnormal grief d) prolonged grief

d) prolonged grief

____ love has strong components of sexuality and infatuation, and if often predominates in the early part of a love relationship. a)companionate b) affectionate c) consummate d) romantic

d) romantic

A person's knowledge about the world is called ____ memory a) schematic b) functional c) normative d) semantic

d) semantic

The timetable according to which individuals are expected to accomplish life's tasks, such as getting married, having children, or establishing themselves in a career is known as the ____. a) interval measure b) life-event calander c) circadian rhythm d) social clock

d) social clock

Leading researcher Charles Nelson proposed the view that, although adolescents are capable of very strong emotions, their prefrontal cortex has not adequately developed to the point at which they can control these passions. His view reflects the rapidly emerging field of ____, which involves connections between development, the brain, and socioemotional processes. a) socioemotional neuroscience b) biosocial neuroscience c) psychosocial neuroscience d) social developmental neuroscience

d) social developmental neuroscience

Sudden infant death syndrome occurs when an infant. a) suffers sever neurological injuries that eventually result in death b) contracts a virulent salmonella infection c) dies from septic intravenous respiratory failure d) stops breathing, usually during the night, and dies without apparent cause

d) stops breathing, usually during the night, and dies without apparent cause

Results of a New-Zealand longitudinal study that assessed the self-esteem of adolescents at 11, 13, and 15 years of age and adjustment and competence of the same individuals when they are 26 years old, indicated: a) no connection between self-esteem in adolescence and competence as adults b) that well-adjusted, competent adults were just as likely as adults characterized by poorer mental and physical health to have low self-esteem in adolescence c) individuals with low self-esteem in adolescence showed no negative outcomes in adulthood. d) that adults characterized by poorer mental and physical health were more likely to have low self-esteem in adolescence than well-adjusted, competent adults.

d) that adults characterized by poorer mental and physical health were more likely to have low self-esteem in adolsecence than well-adjusted, competent adults.

____ are the most noticeable changes in physical appearance in late adulthood. a) loss of hair and brittle nails b) osteoporosis of the bones c) reduction in height and weight d) wrinkles and age spots

d) wrinkles and age spots

According to the National Youth RIsk Survey, ____ boys exercised the most and ____ girls exercised the least among adolsecents is the U.S. a) Latino; Latina b) African American; non-Latino White c) Latino; African American d) non-Latino White; African American

d)non- Latino White; African American