Psyc 101 Exam 5

About what percentage of interviewed subjects from the United States between the ages of 15 and 54 reported experienceing a psychological disorder at some point during their lives? 1. 15% 2. 25% 3. 35% 4. 50%

50%

Which of the following illustrates creative nonadherence? 1. Reginald fails to understand his physician's health recommendations. 2. Jesse visits a new doctor when his old one goes on vacation. 3. Karyn switches from one cough medicine to another. 4. Molly doubles her dosage, thinking she will heal more quickly.

4. Molly doubles her dosage, thinking she will heal more quickly.

One night, Ahmad, a usually quiet and withdrawn young man from Malaysia, went into a wild outburst in which he severely injured another individual. This disorder is known as: 1. amok. 2. koro. 3. ataque de nervios. 4. brain fag.

1. amok.

Physicians who communicate well with their patients have _____ than physicians who are poor communicators. 1. better compliance with medical advice 2. more fearful attention from patients 3. higher total incomes 4. greater objectivity in making diagnoses

1. better compliance with medical advice

Health-related advertisements that use negative message framing specifically emphasize 1. fear 2. reactance 3. culture 4. change

1. fear

A Native American client is interviewed by a psychologist. The client stares at the floor, and answers questions politely, but during the entire consultation, he looks away continually, never meeting the doctor's eye. The psychologist should infer that 1. the client exhibits paranoid symptoms 2. the client is not willing to cooperate with the therapeutic process 3. the client is depressed and has low self-esteem 4. in the client's culture eye contact might have a different social function

1. in the client's culture eye contact might have a different social function

Shannon is a person who psychologists would say is high on subjective well-being. She is likely to have which of the following characteristics? 1. low sense of control 2. preference to be alone 3. a pessimistic outlook 4. high self-esteem

4. high self-esteem

Sensing that her doctors and family were trying to control her medical decision making, Juanita decided to defy her doctors' recommendations by checking herself out of the hospital. Juanita is experiencing 1. repression 2. the boomerang effect 3. denial 4. reactance

4. reactance

A 12-year-old girl complains of a fear that she might harm herself, but later says she fears the ghost of her grandfather. It is found that her father is from the United States and her mother is from Tonga, in the South Pacific, and maintains close ties with the cultural traditions of her country which include a fear to ghosts. A therapist treating her probably should 1. involve her cultural values and beliefs in the treatment 2. do nothing, because there is no real disorder involved 3. reject her claims and convince her that ghosts do not exist 4. reject her claims and medicate her with antipsychotic drugs

1. involve her cultural values and beliefs in the treatment

Every __________ person you meet in the United States is likely to suffer, at some point during his or her life, from a psychological disorder. 1. second 2. 10th 3. single 4. 100th

1. second

Happy people tend to have a(n) 1. set of positive illusions about themselves 2. external locus of control 3. accurate perception of their reality 4. low subjective well-being

1. set of positive illusions about themselves

Cross-cultural surveys show that from one culture to another the incidence of major depression 1. varies significantly 2. varies little 3. varies moderately 4. does not vary

1. varies significantly

Physicians are highly educated, with high social prestige and power. How does this affect doctor-patient communications? 1. The patient may tend to interrupt the doctor while he or she talks. 2. The patient may be intimidated and reluctant to talk. 3. The patient will talk at great length about the ailment, to the extent that the physician must cut him or her short. 4. The patient will be inclined to look up medical terms before the office visit so that he or she can impress the doctor.

2. The patient may be intimidated and reluctant to talk.

Of the following which is possibly not a cause of concern for considering professional help 1. chronic fear of elevators 2. bizarre fantasies 3. recurrent suicidal thoughts 4. overwhelmingly high stress

2. bizarre fantasies

The two most common psychological disorders in contemporary America are, in order: 1. alcohol dependence and panic disorder 2. depression and alcohol dependence 3. anxiety disorder and schizophrenia 4. depression and panic disorder

2. depression and alcohol dependence

Subjective well-being is a measure of how _______ people feel. 1. avoidant 2. happy 3. pessimistic 4. helpless

2. happy

It is likely that people in early societies believed that ____________ caused abnormal behavior 1. biological factors 2. supernatural forces 3. socialization patterns 4. genetic predispositions

2. supernatural forces

Preventing and treating psychological disorders is especially challenging in a society such as ours, which has a culturally diverse population. Which of the following is NOT a constructive way of dealing with this challenge? 1. Therapists from many different backgrounds need to receive training so that people who wish to do so can be treated by a therapist who shares their cultural background 2. Therapists need to recognize that some disorders that affect people from other cultures may not exist in Western culture at all 3. Clients should be treated by therapists who represent the dominant culture so that they can best adapt to their new environment 4. Intervention programs need to take into account the cultural norms and values of the group being served

3. Clients should be treated by therapists who represent the dominant culture so that they can best adapt to their new environment

According to the World Health Organization, psychological disorders 1. are inexistent in less developed countries 2. are prevalent only in the United States 3. are prevalent in all countries in the world 4. are inexistent in developed countries

3. are prevalent in all countries in the world

An intense craving for human flesh and the fear that one will turn into a cannibal, were characteristics of Wendigo psychosis, among Algonquian Indian, but the disorder has probably disappeared with urbanization. Wendigo psychosis illustrates the fact that 1. psychological disorders were common in native American cultures 2. it should not be considered a psychological disorder as it does not appear in the DSM-IV 3. culture has an important role in the development of psychological disorders 4. psychological disorders disappear with urbanization

3. culture has an important role in the development of psychological disorders

The directors of a women's health cooperative are attempting to encourage their members to have mammograms, which can help detect breast cancer. Based on research on message framing, the best advertisement for this purpose would use which slogan? 1. Have a mammogram today! 2. Breast cancer can kill! 3. Get a mammogram or you might get cancer! 4. Mammograms save lives!

4. Mammograms save lives!

Researchers have found that optimism is associated with which of the following psychological characteristics? 1. creative nonadherence 2. emotion-focused coping 3. Type A behavior pattern 4. subjective well-being

4. subjective well-being

Based on the limited amount of information provided, of the following individuals, who is most likely to develop an eating disorder? 1. Cadli, an African female who is 23 2. Xui Li, a Chinese female who is 23 3. Doug, an American male who is 19 4. Amy, an American female who is 16

Amy, an American female who is 16

Of all the major adult disorders included in the DSM categorization, only four are found across all cultures of the world. Which of the following is not one? 1. schizophrenia 2. antisocial personality disorder 3. bipolar disorder 4. anxiety disorder

antisocial personality disorder

Which of the following is the less common? 1. disorders involving panic. 2. posttraumatic stress disorder. 3. drug dependence. 4. schizophrenia.

schizophrenia

Koro is a condition found in Southeast Asian males who develop an intense panic that: 1. they will develop heaviness or heat in the head that will lead to depression and anxiety 2. the penis is about to withdraw into the abdomen. 3. they will suddenly be overtaken by trembling, crying, uncontrollable screams 4. characterizes a normally quiet person who severely injures another in a wild outburst.

the penis is about to withdraw into the abdomen.