PSYC - 101 Quiz 1 (Chapter 1) *

True

(True or False) Psychoanalysis is the name of theory of personality developed by Sigmund Freud.

False

(True or False) Sociocultural psychologists study those things we refer to as the mind.

False

(True of False) According to the ethical guideline of the American Psychological Association, animals cannot be harmed under any circumstances while conducting research.

Statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research

A hypothesis is a: a) frustrating state of existence; b) statement about something you are interested in; c) formal definition of an independent variable; d) statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research.

Humanistic-existential

The _______________ person is grounded in the work of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. a) humanistic-existential, b) behaviorist; c) functionalist; d) structuralist.

True

True or False Gestalt psychologists claimed that one cannot explain human perceptions, emotions, or thought processes in terms of basic units.

True

(True or False) In the 1940s and 1950s, psychodynamic theory dominated the practice of psychotherapy.

False

(True or False) John B. Watson developed the social-cognitive perspective, arguing for the influence of social factors over cognition.

False

(True or False) Structuralists tended to ask, "How do behavior and mental processes help people adapt to the requirements of their lives?"

False

(True or False) Correlations allow us to determine causality.

False

(True or False) Erik Erikson focused more on unconscious processes and less on conscious choice and self-direction?

False

(True or False) In a study conducted to test the effect of a medicine, one group of participants is given the medicine while another group is not. The latter would be considered an experimental group.

False

(True or False) Jalen wondered how many blueberries are necessary for the perfect tasting pancake. In this example, changing the number of blueberries would be considered the dependent variable.

False

(True or False) Structuralists emphasized the tendency to organize perceptions into wholes and to integrate separate stimuli into meaningful patterns.

Informed consent

A participant's agreement to participate in research after receiving information about the purposes of the study and the nature of the treatments is referred to as _______? a) conditioning; b) debriefing; c) informed consent; d) volunteer bias.

dependent variable

In every experiment, the ______ is what the researcher is trying to determine has changed or not. a) dependent variable b) confounding variable c) correlation coefficient d) stratified sample

stratified sample

Since 15 percent of a university is comprised of Asian-American students, a sample for a for a study was chosen in such a way that it, too, consisted of 15 percent Asian Americans. This kind of sample would be an example of a ___________.? a) random sample; b) static sample; c) crowd sample; d) stratified sample.

They study the role of heredity in behavior and mental processes such as psychological disorders, criminal behavior and thinking.

Which of the following is a typical characteristic of biologically-oriented psychologists? a) they believe that self-awareness, experience, and choice permit us to invent ourselves; b) they study the role of heredity in behavior and mental processes such as psychological disorders, criminal behavior and thinking; c) They investigate the ways we perceive and mentally represent the world, remember the past, plan for the future, solve problems, form judgments, make decisions, and use language. d) They study the role of heredity in behavior and mental processes such as psychological disorders, criminal behavior and thinking.

it looks at how habits can help one cope with common situations

Which of the following is true of functionalism? a) it shows that learning is accomplished only through mechanical repetition; b) it breaks down experience into objective sensations and subjective feelings; c) it looks at how habits help one cope with common situations; d) it considers observable behavior to be a result of positive reinforcement and not negative reinforcement.

Forensic psychologists

Which of the following psychologists might treat psychologically ill offenders, consult with attorneys on matters such as picking a jury, and analyze offender's behavior and mental processes? a) forensic psychologists; b) clinical psychologists; c) personality psychologists; d) experimental psychologists.

Clinical psychologists help clients resolve problems and change self-defeating behavior

Which of the following statements is true about the different types of psychologists? a) counseling psychologists deal exclusively with clients who suffer from serious psychological disorders; b) clinical psychologists help clients resolve problems and change self-defeating behavior. c) school psychologists focus on planning instructional methods for a school system rather than on individual children d) statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research.

It aims to help patients find socially acceptable ways of expressing wishes and gratifying needs.

Which of the following statements is true of psychoanalysis? a) it was founded by B.F. Skinner; b) it believes that observable behavior can be changed only through reinforcement; c) it primarily breaks conscious experience down into objective sensations and subjective feelings. d) It aims to help patients find socially acceptable ways of expressing wishes and gratifying needs.

The experimental method allows psychologists to control the experiences of participants and draws conclusions about the cause and effect.

Which of the following statements is true of the experimental method of research? a) in the experimental method of research, participants in control groups obtain the treatment; b) the experimental method fails to answer questions about cause and effect; c) in the experimental method of research, participants in the experimental groups do not obtain the treatment being tested. d) the experimental method allows psychologists to control the experiences of participants and draws conclusions about the cause and effect.

John B. Watson

Who is founder of Behaviorism? a) William James; b) Sigmund Freud; c) John B. Watson; d) Wilhelm Wundt.

William James

Who is the founder of the school of functionalism? a) B. F. Skinner; b) Wilhelm Wundt; c) William James; d) Kurt Koffka.