PSYC 201 modules 3,4,5 & 11
The occipital lobes are to ________ as the temporal lobes are to ________. A. seeing; hearing B. seeing; sensing touch C. speaking; hearing D. hearing; sensing movement
A
The part of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing is called the A. medulla. B. amygdala. C. cerebellum. D. thalamus.
A
The release of epinephrine into the bloodstream is most likely to A. increase blood sugar. B. stimulate digestion. C. lower blood pressure. D. decrease perspiration.
A
The release of hormones by the adrenal glands is most likely to trigger A. the fight-or-flight response. B. depression. C. a refractory period. D. the pain reflex.
A
Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell? A. thalamus B. hippocampus C. amygdala D. pons
A
Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? A. thalamus B. medulla C. cerebellum D. amygdala
A
Which limbic system structure regulates thirst and body temperature? A. hypothalamus B. medulla C. hippocampus D. amygdala
A
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in controlling the facial muscle movements necessary for speaking? A. frontal B. parietal C. occipital D. temporal
A
Severing a cat's reticular formation from higher brain regions causes the cat to A. experience convulsive seizures. B. lapse into a coma. C. cower in fear. D. become violently aggressive.
B
The cerebral cortex is the covering layer of the A. brainstem. B. cerebrum. C. hippocampus. D. corpus callosum.
B
Although James lost some manual dexterity following brain damage from a stroke, the development of new neural pathways enabled him to regain most of his lost agility. This best illustrates the value of A. plasticity. B. lateralization. C. brain fissures. D. neurogenesis.
A
Because a growing tumor caused damage to his brain, Joseph had to be placed on a ventilator in order to maintain his breathing. The tumor most likely damaged Joseph's A. brainstem. B. hippocampus. C. hypothalamus. D. amygdala.
A
Compared with environmentally impoverished rats, those rats housed in enriched environments experienced a dramatic increase in the number of their A. synapses. B. schemas. C. epigenetic marks. D. critical periods.
A
Following massive damage to his frontal lobes, Phineas Gage was most strikingly debilitated by A. irritability. B. muscle spasms. C. memory loss. D. auditory hallucinations.
A
Lacking any exposure to language before adolescence, a person will never master any language because of the ________ of unemployed neural connections. A. pruning B. conservation C. plasticity D. habituation
A
Mr. Anderson suffers from Parkinson's disease and his shaking arm movements are so severe that he has difficulty feeding or dressing himself without help. His symptoms are most likely to be linked with an undersupply of the neurotransmitter A. dopamine. B. oxytocin. C. cortisol. D. serotonin.
A
Phineas Gage underwent a dramatic personality change after a tamping iron inflicted massive damage to his ________ lobes. A. frontal B. parietal C. temporal D. occipital
A
S. M. is a patient who has been called "the woman with no fear," even of being threatened with a gun. Her fearlessness is best attributed to damage to her A. amygdala. B. hypothalamus. C. pons. D. cerebellum.
A
The brain devotes more tissue within the ________ for body areas requiring the most precise movement control such as the fingers. A. motor cortex B. occipital lobes C. corpus callosum D. hippocampus
A
The limbic system's hippocampus A. helps process explicit memories for storage. B. regulates hunger and thirst. C. coordinates body movement and balance. D. plays a central role in fear and rage.
A
The most extensive regions of the brain are involved in higher mental functions such as memory and reasoning. These regions are called the A. association areas. B. somatosensory cortex. C. corpus callosum. D. hippocampus.
A
Alana suffered a brain disease that destroyed major portions of her temporal lobes. Alana is most likely to suffer some loss of A. pain sensations. B. auditory perception. C. hunger and thirst. D. muscular coordination.
B
An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to A. Alzheimer's disease. B. depression. C. Parkinson's disease. D. schizophrenia.
B
Deaf people who use sign language typically A. demonstrate greater mathematical competence than hearing persons. B. process language in their left cerebral hemisphere. C. have a smaller corpus callosum than hearing persons. D. have better communication skills than hearing persons.
B
Hormones are the chemical messengers of the A. autonomic nervous system. B. endocrine system. C. somatic nervous system. D. central nervous system.
B
Madison is experiencing symptoms of paralysis after eating food contaminated by botulin. Her paralysis is most likely to be relieved by a drug that functions as a(n) A. serotonin antagonist. B. ACh agonist. C. serotonin agonist. D. ACh antagonist.
B
Olds and Milner found that a rat kept returning to a location where it had been stimulated by an electrode placed within its A. cerebellum. B. hypothalamus. C. pons. D. reticular formation.
B
Opiate drugs occupy the same receptor sites as A. serotonin. B. endorphins. C. epinephrine. D. dopamine.
B
Our pleasurable "chills" response to a favorite piece of music is facilitated by the release of the neurotransmitter A. GABA. B. dopamine. C. cortisol. D. ACh.
B
The corpus callosum is a wide band of axon fibers that A. transfers neural impulses from the somatosensory cortex to the motor cortex. B. transmits information between the cerebral hemispheres. C. enables the left hemisphere to control the right side of the body. D. sends information from the left half of your field of vision to your right cerebral hemisphere.
B
The function of dendrites is to A. coordinate the activation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. B. receive incoming signals from other neurons. C. control pain through the release of opiate-like chemicals into the brain. D. release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons.
B
The limbic system structure that regulates hunger is called the A. amygdala. B. hypothalamus. C. hippocampus. D. thalamus.
B
The myelin sheath helps to increase the ________ of neural impulses. A. threshold B. speed C. frequency D. intensity
B
The somatosensory cortex is most critical for our sense of A. sight. B. touch. C. hearing. D. smell.
B
The surgical removal of a large tumor from Dane's occipital lobe resulted in extensive loss of brain tissue. Dane is most likely to suffer some loss of A. muscular coordination. B. visual perception. C. pain sensations. D. speaking ability.
B
Those who survive a hippocampal brain tumor in childhood are likely to have difficulty ________ in adulthood. A. maintaining body balance while walking B. remembering new information C. experiencing feelings of fear D. getting adequate sleep
B
Which neural center in the limbic system plays an important role in emotions such as fear and rage? A. thalamus B. amygdala C. hypothalamus D. nucleus accumbens
B
Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your A. amygdala. B. cerebral cortex. C. somatosensory cortex. D. motor cortex.
B
A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the A. agonist. B. refractory period. C. action potential. D. synapse.
C
A tendency for the brain's left and right hemispheres to serve different functions is called A. neurogenesis. B. hemispherectomy. C. lateralization. D. plasticity.
C
Brain scans indicate that well-practiced pianists have a larger-than-usual auditory cortex area that encodes piano sounds. This best illustrates the impact of A. brain fissures. B. lateralization. C. plasticity. D. neurogenesis.
C
During open-brain surgery, Adam's left ankle twitched whenever the surgeon electrically stimulated a specific area within Adam's A. left frontal lobe. B. left parietal lobe. C. right frontal lobe. D. right parietal lobe.
C
If you lose a foot, the somatosensory cortex that received its input will begin to pick up signals from the formerly adjoined leg. This best illustrates the value of A. lateralization. B. hemispherectomy. C. plasticity. D. neurogenesis.
C
In transmitting sensory information to the brain, an electrical signal travels from the ________ of a single neuron. A. axon to the dendrites to the cell body B. dendrites to the axon to the cell body C. dendrites to the cell body to the axon D. axon to the cell body to the dendrites
C
James Olds and Peter Milner located reward centers in the brain structure known as the A. amygdala. B. medulla. C. hypothalamus. D. cerebellum.
C
Janelle experiences difficulty sleeping and is seeking medical help for her lengthy episodes of depression and loss of energy. Effective prescription drugs for treating these symptoms would most likely be designed to increase the availability of the neurotransmitter A. GABA. B. dopamine. C. serotonin. D. ACh.
C
Janessa suffered a stroke that destroyed a specific part of her limbic system. Although she remembers events prior to her illness, she is unable to form new memories of her daily experiences. Janessa has most likely suffered damage to the A. amygdala. B. hypothalamus. C. hippocampus. D. thalamus.
C
Jason lost his sense of taste because a tumor caused damage to a structure located on top of his brainstem. This structure is known as the A. hippocampus. B. medulla. C. thalamus. D. amygdala.
C
Neurons are best described as A. positively charged sodium and potassium ions. B. bundled axon cables that connect the CNS with muscles, glands, and sense organs. C. nerve cells that function as the building blocks of the nervous system. D. chemical molecules that cross the synaptic gap.
C
The brain's development of new neural connections in response to experience is said to demonstrate what is known as A. conservation. B. imprinting. C. plasticity. D. assimilation.
C
The process of forming new neurons within the brain is called A. lateralization. B. hemispherectomy. C. neurogenesis. D. plasticity.
C
The visual cortex is located in the A. temporal lobes. B. association areas. C. occipital lobes. D. parietal lobes.
C
A loss of physical coordination and balance is most likely to result from damage to the A. amygdala. B. hypothalamus. C. hippocampus. D. cerebellum.
D
A picture of a dog is briefly flashed in the left visual field of a split-brain patient. At the same time a picture of a boy is flashed in the right visual field. In identifying what she saw, the patient would be most likely to A. use her left hand to point to a picture of a boy. B. use her left hand to point to a picture of a dog. C. verbally report that she saw a dog. D. verbally report that she saw a boy.
D
A stimulating environment is most likely to facilitate the development of a child's A. egocentrism. B. insecure attachment. C. stranger anxiety. D. neural connections.
D
After suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner. She has probably suffered damage to her A. hypothalamus. B. hippocampus. C. amygdala. D. cerebellum.
D
An axon is A. a molecule that blocks neurotransmitter receptor sites. B. a layer of fatty tissue that encases the fibers of many neurons. C. a cell that serves as the basic building block of the nervous system. D. the extension of a neuron that carries messages away from the cell body.
D
Drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin will thereby increase the concentration of serotonin molecules in the A. glial cells. B. axon terminals. C. endocrine glands. D. synaptic gaps.
D
For children from impoverished environments, stimulating educational experiences during early childhood are most likely to A. facilitate the development of epigenetic effects. B. have no discernible effect on subsequent academic performance. C. decrease their emotional attachment to their parents. D. prevent the degeneration of activated connections between neurons.
D
Mr. Averro's symptoms of confusion and memory loss have led his physicians to conclude that he suffers from Alzheimer's disease. His symptoms are most likely to be linked with a deterioration of brain cells that produce the neurotransmitter A. dopamine. B. epinephrine. C. endorphins. D. acetylcholine.
D
Research has suggested that a reward deficiency syndrome may contribute to A. schizophrenia. B. insomnia. C. Parkinson's disease. D. substance use disorders.
D
Schizophrenia is most closely linked to an oversupply of the neurotransmitter A. serotonin. B. epinephrine. C. acetylcholine. D. dopamine.
D
Stimulation of the reticular formation will cause a A. hungry cat to stop eating. B. violent cat to become passive. C. thirsty cat to drink. D. sleeping cat to awaken.
D
The ability to simultaneously copy different figures with the right and left hand is most characteristic of those whose ________ has been cut. A. hippocampus B. somatosensory cortex C. motor cortex D. corpus callosum
D
The auditory hallucinations experienced by people with schizophrenia are most closely linked with the activation of areas in their A. somatosensory cortex. B. parietal lobes. C. motor cortex. D. temporal lobes.
D
The body's natural production of endorphins is likely to be A. increased by heroin use and increased by vigorous exercise. B. decreased by heroin use and decreased by vigorous exercise. C. increased by heroin use and decreased by vigorous exercise. D. decreased by heroin use and increased by vigorous exercise.
D
The capacity of a brain area to develop new neural pathways as it adjusts to damage is known as A. the split brain. B. lateralization. C. neurogenesis. D. plasticity.
D
The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased when the axon is encased by a(n) A. synaptic vesicle. B. glial cell. C. endorphin. D. myelin sheath.
D
The vast majority of neurons in the body's information system are A. sensory neurons. B. glial cells. C. motor neurons. D. interneurons.
D
When Stoyka was a child, a brain disease required the surgical removal of her left cerebral hemisphere. Stoyka is now a successful college student who lives a normal life. Her success best illustrates the importance of A. brain fissures. B. MRI scans. C. neurogenesis. D. plasticity.
D
When a person speaks, brain waves and bloodflow are especially likely to reveal increased activity in the A. hippocampus. B. right hemisphere. C. cerebellum. D. left hemisphere.
D
Which nerve network traveling through the brainstem plays an important role in controlling arousal? A. cerebellum B. medulla C. hypothalamus D. reticular formation
D
Which portion of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in making plans and formulating moral judgments? A. occipital lobes B. temporal lobes C. parietal lobes D. frontal lobes
D
