psyc 320 quiz 5

A culturally sensitive psychological assessment includes sensitivity to which of the following? A. acculturation and language B. values and worldview C. personal identity D. All of these

All of these

A personality trait A. is relatively enduring. B. is distinguishable. C. varies within and between individuals. D. All of these

All of these

A rating may be affected by A. the rater's background and experience. B. the rater's willingness to expend time and effort. C. the rater's personal reaction to the subject. D. All of these

All of these

The terms response style and response set as typically used in personality assessment encompass A. responding affirmatively to all items. B. responding randomly to all items. C. responding in a bizarre fashion to all items. D. All of these

All of these

Validity scales assist the test user in making judgments related to whether or not a testtaker A. lied when responding to a particular set of items. B. understood the items. C. misunderstood the items. D. All of these

All of these

When considering the appropriateness of administering a particular personality test to members of a particular cultural group, it is important to keep in mind A. how the test was developed. B. how the test is administered. C. how the test is interpreted. D. All of these

All of these

To ensure that a child's responses on a self-report personality measure are an accurate representation of the child, which of the following would be the BEST course of action for a clinician? A. Ask the child's parents and teachers to complete rating scales. B. Consult with a personality researcher about the results. C. Recheck the scores both by hand and by computer. D. Conduct online research for the purpose of finding additional insights relative to the reason the assessment was undertaken.

Ask the child's parents and teachers to complete rating scales

A device that could be characterized as "auditory inkblots" was developed by A. Carl Rogers. B. B. F. Skinner. C. Harry Stack Sullivan. D. Wayne Holtzman.

B. F. Skinner

An example of a personality test that employed empirical criterion keying in its development is the A. 16 PF. B. NEO-PI-R. C. Rorschach. D. MMPI.

MMPI

The stimulus cards of the Rorschach test are A. all achromatic. B. all multicolored. C. all black, white, and red. D. None of these

None of these

When interpretations about personality are derived from analysis of figure drawings A. emphasis is placed on the artistic skill of the drawer. B. the most critical variable is the length of time required to complete the drawing. C. nationally representative standardization samples are frequently used. D. None of these

None of these

Which statement is TRUE regarding projective techniques in general? A. There is a direct and positive correlation between the ambiguity of the stimuli and the amount of information the subject reveals about his or her personality. B. Projective techniques continue to enjoy widespread clinical acceptance despite their questionable psychometric soundness. C. Projection has been shown to be greater for stimulus material that is familiar to the subject. D. Projection on a grand scale has been referred to by clinicians as "IMAX projection."

Projective techniques continue to enjoy widespread clinical acceptance despite their questionable psychometric soundness

Which BEST exemplifies the exhibition of a personality state? A. Sam, who experiences fear and apprehension while watching a scary movie. B. Stacey, who has, ever since she can remember, a profound fear of cats. C. Bill, who has always been defiant and aggressive toward his parents. D. Amy, who was viewed by the court and all her previous cell mates as violent.

Sam, who experiences fear and apprehension while watching a scary movie

In this test, the testtaker's task is filling-in what the people in a cartoon-like stimulus might be saying or thinking. A. The Children's Apperception Test-Human B. The Roberts Apperception Test for Children C. The Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study D. None of these

The Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study

Which of the following is TRUE of behavioral assessment? A. Groups of people are generally observed in order to obtain normative data. B. More traditional psychological tests are routinely administered before and after behavioral assessment. C. The frequency, intensity, or duration of the behavior is typically specified. D. Assessments are preceded by in-depth interviews designed to explore relevant aspects of motivation.

The frequency, intensity, or duration of the behavior is typically specified

Why did projective tests using ambiguous sounds eventually become unpopular with clinicians? A. Advocates for the disabled argued convincingly that these tests were biased against people with disabilities. B. The sounds were considered offensive by some cultural groups. C. Insurance companies refused to reimburse clinicians for administering them. D. The tests did not distinguish between clinical and nonclinical groups.

The tests did not distinguish between clinical and nonclinical groups

Based on several review articles cited in the text, what conclusion can reasonably be made about the Rorschach test and its contribution to psychological assessment? A. Rorschach-based interpretations represent the essence of "scientifically informed psychological assessment." B. Rorschach-based interpretations have little reliability and even less validity. C. There exists a mixture of favorable and unfavorable reviews of the Rorschach's contributions to psychological assessment. D. No single tool of psychological assessment has undermined the credibility of behavioral science more than Hermann Rorschach's test.

There exists a mixture of favorable and unfavorable reviews of the Rorschach's contributions to psychological assessment

Which statement is TRUE regarding the definition of personality? A. Freud's definition of personality is universally accepted. B. Hall and Lindzey's definition of personality is universally accepted. C. The definition of Cohen, Swerdlik, and Sturma is universally accepted. D. There is no universal definition of personality.

There is no universal definition of personality

Which statement is TRUE regarding state anxiety as compared to trait anxiety? A. State anxiety is a more enduring characteristic than trait anxiety. B. Trait anxiety is a more enduring characteristic than state anxiety. C. Neither state anxiety nor trait anxiety is an enduring characteristic. D. State anxiety and trait anxiety are equally enduring characteristics.

Trait anxiety is a more enduring characteristic than state anxiety

The lower test-retest reliability coefficients found to exist for state anxiety when compared with higher test-retest reliability coefficients obtained for trait anxiety support which premise? A. Traits are more enduring personality characteristics than states. B. States are more enduring personality characteristics than traits. C. Exhibition of anxiety is very situation-dependent. D. None of these

Traits are more enduring personality characteristics than states

The use of words as projective stimuli is based on which assumption? A. Words are inherently emotionally charged and therefore a good source of psychological data. B. Associations to words are chance happenings. C. Word associations are the result of the individual's life experiences and personality. D. Word associations exhibit high test-retest reliability.

Word associations are the result of the individual's life experiences and personality

Bill completes a self-report inventory of personality. Generalizing from what you learned in lecture, the best person to ask to complete that same inventory to learn about Bill would be A. a close family member of Bill. B. a classmate or fellow employee of Bill. C. someone who was just introduced to Bill. D. None of these

a close family member of Bill

The use of projective tests minimizes A. an assessee's attempt to fake good or fake bad. B. the necessity for examinees to have a working knowledge of English. C. cross-cultural bias. D. the need for payment by third parties such as insurers.

an assessee's attempt to fake good or fake bad

Which of the following BEST represents the definition of personality covered in lecture? A. all of individual's thinking, feeling, and behavior B. an individual's phenomenal field C. an individual's unique constellation of psychological traits and states D. an individual's behavior in all of its detail

an individual's unique constellation of psychological traits and states

Self-monitoring can be both a method of data collection and A. a type of projective instrument. B. an intervention itself. C. a means of watching oneself on closed circuit television. D. a method of increasing the generalizability of findings.

an intervention itself

Determining a musician's popularity by assessing the length of time it takes to sell all of that artist's concert tickets is an example of A. an unobtrusive measure. B. a reactive measure. C. an aesthetic measure. D. an obtrusive behavioral measure.

an unobtrusive measure

The type of research that attempts to replicate a real-world problem in a research or clinical setting is called A. unobtrusive research. B. case history research. C. sign research. D. analogue research.

analogue research

Projective tests A. are direct methods of personality assessment. B. place great verbal demands on the test-taker. C. are relatively unstructured and indirect techniques. D. All of these

are relatively unstructured and indirect techniques

An assumption inherent in the clinical use of TAT is that assessees A. are unaware of the significance of their responses. B. are aware of the significance of their responses. C. are aware of the significance of their responses and have a desire to manage a favorable impression. D. are unaware of the purpose of administering the test.

are unaware of the significance of their responses

A principle underlying interpretation of TAT responses is A. assessees will identify with someone in the story and indirectly express their own needs. B. assessees will display their level of creativity while composing a story. C. the protagonist in the story will express the exact same personality traits as the person telling the story. D. the protagonist in the story will have the exact same personality type as the person telling the story.

assessees will identify with someone in the story and indirectly express their own needs

A psychologist counts the number of aggressive acts committed by a child in class and on the playground. Which assessment approach is the psychologist MOST likely to be using? A. projective B. behavioral C. sign D. unobtrusive

behavioral

Self-monitoring differs from self-report because in self-monitoring A. it is up to the assessee to decide what to report. B. behaviors are recorded at the time and place in which they occur. C. the responses are not recorded. D. the assessee records all the relevant behaviors but reports to the evaluator only selectively.

behaviors are recorded at the time and place in which they occur

Scoring criteria for the Rorschach include A. accuracy, content, determinants, form, and popularity. B. accuracy, polarity, reliability, and validity. C. content, form, reliability, and validity. D. content, determinants, form, location, and popularity.

content, determinants, form, location, and popularity

The Rorschach test A. continues to be a widely used clinical tool, despite its questionable validity. B. is taught in graduate psychology programs but is seldom used in professional practice. C. is neither widely taught in graduate psychology programs nor widely used in professional practice. D. ceased to be published in 2011.

continues to be a widely used clinical tool, despite its questionable validity

Critics have attacked projective tests for all of the reasons listed below EXCEPT which of these? A. the assumptions inherent in the use of projective tests. B. the situational variables that affect projective test results. C. the low reliability of projective tests. D. difficulties in administering projective tests.

difficulties in administering projective tests

Assessing the reliability of the Rorschach using the split-half method is inappropriate because A. there are too few inkblots to enable interpretation through the split-half method. B. stimulus cards are presented twice and possibly three times. C. responses by subjects may be too lengthy to adapt to split-half procedures. D. each inkblot is considered to have a unique stimulus quality.

each inkblot is considered to have a unique stimulus quality

In one approach to the construction of a test to measure a personality trait, the test is administered to at least two groups, where members of one of the groups is known to be high in the trait that the test was designed to measure. This approach is referred to as the ________ approach to test construction. A. logical B. factor-analytic C. theoretical D. empirical criterion keying

empirical criterion keying

An individual who is relatively free of psychopathology is accused of a crime. This individual makes a conscious decision that he would prefer to spend time in a mental hospital rather than a prison. Accordingly, this individual attempts to _______ when administered a personality test by a court-appointed psychologist. A. fake good B. fake bad C. exhibit the Barnum effect D. "take the fifth"

fake bad

A homeless person who prefers the environs of the street to a shelter or mental hospital may attempt to A. fake bad on a test of psychopathology. B. fake good on a test of psychopathology. C. respond as candidly as possible on a test of psychopathology. D. be cooperative with the test administrator.

fake good on a test of psychopathology

A key definitional difference between the terms personality trait and personality state has to do with A. the extent to which personality is viewed as a physical attribute. B. how stable over time the characteristic is exhibited. C. whether or not the characteristic is subject to a halo effect. D. the motivation of the person or persons doing the rating.

how stable over time the characteristic is exhibited

From the discussion in lecture, which of the following terms BEST go together? A. idiographic-ipsative B. nomothetic-ipsative C. nomothetic-idiographic D. highly differentiated/high internal locus of control

idographic-ipsative

Days before the party he is having in his home, DJ DJay purchases a number of wine magazines to leave around his living room. He does this in an effort to lead his guests to the conclusion that he is a sophisticated wine connoisseur. In reality, DJ DJay is a devotee of value brand beer. DJ DJay's behavior could BEST be characterized as A. acquiescence. B. faking good. C. disingenuous responding. D. impression management.

impression management

Exner's Comprehensive System for scoring the Rorschach test A. was the system endorsed by Hermann Rorschach himself. B. was extensively studied and found to be unreliable. C. is the product of a joint collaboration by psychologists from around the world. D. is an attempt to integrate the best features of various scoring systems.

is an attempt to integrate the best features of various scoring systems

Figure-drawing tests A. provide little opportunity for respondents to verbalize what they think of the drawings. B. may be affected by the drawing ability of the testtaker. C. are not scored by means of any formal scoring system. D. None of these

may be affected by the drawing ability of the testtaker

Timeline-followback procedure is to ecological momentary assessment, as past is to A. present. B. antecedent. C. consequence. D. the "there and then."

present

The assumption that individuals will supply structure to unstructured stimuli in a manner consistent with their own conscious and unconscious concerns underlies the A. projectile hypothesis. B. subjective hypothesis. C. projective hypothesis. D. Skinnerian hypothesis.

projective hypothesis

As a result of self-monitoring her food intake a former client of Weight Watchers finds that her food intake habits have improved. This phenomenon could BEST be cited as an example of A. impression management. B. dissonance reduction. C. reactivity. D. transference.

reactivity

A problem inherent in assessing personality by means of self-report is that respondents may A. have little knowledge of their own unconscious motives and needs. B. respond in ways to manage specific impressions. C. be unaccustomed to thinking about their own personality. D. be uncomfortable with self-reflection.

respond in ways to manage specific impressions

Self-report measures have been criticized because A. respondents can present themselves in a way that meets their needs. B. Results are less reliable than other measures. C. Results are less valid than reports from others. D. Self-report measures usually require a great deal of explanation.

respondents can present themselves in a way that meets their needs

In your textbook, prominent differences can be observed between the example of a figure drawing produced by a rapist and the one produced by a pedophile. The most prominent difference was in the A. size of the figure. B. details of the rendering of the genitalia. C. documented comments made by the offender during the test administration. D. the number of additional people introduced into the drawing.

size of the figure

An advantage of a personality test that is atheoretical in nature is that A. test users can interpret the test according to their own theoretical preferences. B. the test will, in all likelihood, be more valid than a theory-based test. C. the test is much more likely to be "culture-specific" as well. D. the test is much more likely to be "culture-fair" as well.

test users can interpret the test according to their own theoretical preferences

Which of the following is the most widely used and widely taught scoring system for the Rorschach? A. Rorschach's own Psychodiagnostics system B. the Piotrowski system C. the Klopfer system D. the Exner system

the Exner system

Of the following projective tests, which is the MOST widely used? A. the Draw-A-Person Test B. the Holtzman Inkblot Test C. the Thematic Apperception Test D. the Rorschach Inkblot Test

the Rorschach Inkblot Test

An element of a Rorschach administration is termed the inquiry. This term BEST refers to A. all questions asked by the examiner. B. the investigative process of the examiner. C. the process of clarifying the original response. D. the process of asking and then re-raising questions.

the process of clarifying the original response

In empirical criterion keying, test items are administered to two groups: one comprises people known to exhibit the trait, and the other is a control group. What is the purpose of this method? A. to increase the size of the sample of test-takers B. to make certain that a matched standardization group is used C. to retain items that discriminate between the two groups D. to make certain that people with multiple personality disorder are represented in the normative sample

to retain items that discriminate between the two groups

Sentence completion tests A. are based predominantly on cognitive theories of personality. B. usually have a high degree of face validity. C. are not vulnerable to "faking." D. All of these

usually have a high degree of face validity

They are built into a personality test to assist in determining how honest testtakers have been in their responses. They are referred to as A. reliability scales. B. validity scales. C. honesty scales. D. UB scales. (otherwise known as "you're busted" scales)

validity scales