PSYC FINAL

C

. A culture where people often say, "The nail that stands out gets hammered down" is most likely high on which of the following value orientations? A. Doing B. Context C. Power Distance D. Collectivism

d

. Danny, a talented hockey player, receives a serious knee injury while skiing with his family over winter break and is told that he will never be able to play at a competitive level again. Devastated, Danny tells his parents that he can't imagine ever being as happy as he did when he played hockey, even though research shows that he is likely to experience full emotional recovery. Danny is falling victim to which of the following psychological processes? AHindsight bias BAdaptation level phenomenon CBenchmarking DAffective Forecasting bias

B

. On the reality TV show Survivor, contestants who are able to fit in and make genuine social bonds with their fellow participants generally make it far in the game. On the other hand, contestants who clash socially with their peers and are not accepted into an alliance are swiftly voted out. Based on this information, the fulfillment of which of the following from McClelland's theory of needs is required to succeed on Survivor? A. Need for Power B. Need for Affiliation C. Need for Achievement D. Need for Assimilation

D

Criminal profiling is based on a personality theory that suggests that criminals are just "bad apples" who won't change much over time. Which theory of personality does this correspond to? A. Humanistic Theory B. Trait Theory C. Social‐Cognitive Theory D. Type Theory

A

A group of Bernie Sanders campaign advocates visits a neighborhood in Maryland and asks residents for their contact information. A week later, the group returns and asks the individuals who provided their information if they would be interested in displaying a Bernie Sanders sign on their front lawn. The following week, the individuals with signs receive a letter from the campaign asking for a monetary donation. What tactic is the campaign group employing? A. Foot‐in‐the‐Door Technique B. Low‐balling Technique C. Door‐in‐the‐Face Technique D. Peripheral Route Persuasion

D

According to Achievement Motivation Theory, what effect will failure have upon someone with low AM? A. A person with low AM would ignore the feedback altogether B. Failure will be seen as an opportunity for growth and learning C. The embarrassment of failure will motivate the person to prove themselves to others the next time around D. Failure will be interpreted as a reflection of the person's innate abilities and will therefore be very demotivating

C

According to Erikson's theory of social development, what is the social development crisis faced by individuals aged 65 and up? A. Intimacy vs. Isolation B. Generativity vs. Self‐Absorption/Stagnation C. Integrity vs. Despair D. Identity vs. Role Confusion

B

According to Freud, all people are driven by two basic motives. What are these two motives? A. Altruism and Egotism B. Sex and Aggression C. Narcissism and Sex D. Empathy and Justice

C

According to Freud, what is the primary reason that infants bond with their mothers? A. Mothers provide the major source of contact comfort for children B. Mothers are the main defenders against threats in the environment C. Mothers are the primary food source for children D. Children imprint to their mothers shortly after birth

A

According to Haidt's research on morality in class, how do we make ethical choices? A. We often act instinctively and then try to develop moral rationalizations for our actions after the fact B. Before we take action, we weigh the ethical implications of each course of action C. Each time we act, we consider the kinds of actions that we have been rewarded for or punished for in the past D. We decide whether or not to take action by looking around to see how others are reacting the same environmental cues

A

According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following is at the most fundamental level of the pyramid of human needs? A. Physiological Needs B. Safety Needs C. Love and Belonging Needs D. Self‐transcendence Needs

A

According to the lecture, what is one typical definition of the term "culture"? A. A set of attitudes, values, beliefs and behaviors shared by a group, communicated to future generations B. A shared belief system between people of the same nation C. A given set of social norms shared by a group of people large enough to have influence on a second group of people D. A group of people all living in the same vicinity for an extended period of time

B

According to the research Professor Stemler cited in lecture, which of the following factors is the strongest predictor of the development of interpersonal relationships? A. Interests B. Proximity C. Passion D. Gender

C

After a Calculus final, Mark's friend approaches him and complains about the low grade that he received. Mark thinks to himself that his friend probably didn't study hard enough, and never grasped the material in the first place. When Mark receives a low grade of his own, he immediately blames the teacher, and claims that the test was an unfair assessment of the class content. What concept does this demonstrate? A. Cognitive Dissonance B. Just‐world phenomenon C. Self‐serving bias D. Attitude polarization

A

After a stroke, Keagan started exhibiting agrammatical speech production. Which region of the brain was likely damaged? A. Wernicke's Area B. Brodmann's Area C. Wett's Area D. Broca's Area

D

After less than three hours of sleep, Peter woke up full of energy, impulsively bought a ticket to New York City and then got drunk in a bar and engaged in risky sexual behaviors. After a few nights, Peter began to feel extremely guilty about his irresponsible behavior and sunk into a depression which left him unable to even leave his bed. Peter is most likely suffering from which psychological disorder? A. Antisocial Personality Disorder B. Histrionic Personality Disorder C. Dissociative Identity Disorder D. Bipolar Disorder

D

After receiving a devastating breast cancer diagnosis, Athelia vows to herself that she will not let her condition prevent her from making the most of her life. Athelia makes plans to travel to South East Asia with her family, and even spends several moments before she goes to sleep each night writing down all that she is thankful for. What psychological term best describes Athelia's behavior? A. Coping B. Tolerance C. Endurance D. Resilience

C

Anita comes back home after a long day of work to find a hamburger waiting for her in the kitchen for dinner. Overcome by how delicious it is, she thanks her boyfriend for preparing such a thoughtful meal. When he responds that he actually picked up the burger from the McDonald's down the street, each bite that Anita takes afterwards seems to taste a little less impressive. Why is this? A. Anita is experiencing relative deprivation compared to those who are having home‐cooked meals B. Anita has fallen prey to informational social influence C. Anita's perception of the burger as fast food has influenced her ability to enjoy it D. Anita knows that McDonald's is unhealthy, and so she feels guilt by association

B

As you walk down a crowded New York street, you and several dozen other people notice a man who is trying to break into a parked car. Although you wonder whether this is really that man's car, you just keep walking and notice that everyone else keeps walking, too. You later find out that the man stole the car in broad daylight in front of hundreds of witnesses without anyone calling the police or attempting to stop him. The inaction of the bystanders in this situation is best characterized by which of the following concepts? A. Obedience to authority B. Diffusion of responsibility C. Pluralistic ignorance D. Social loafing

D

At an elderly care facility, it was found that patients who were given a plant and instructed to take care of it lived longer and had more favorable health measures than patients who were not given this responsibility. Based on health and coping research, what can explain this discrepancy? A. The patients with the plants engaged in rehabilitative problem‐focused coping B. The patients with the plants benefited from relaxation therapy C. The patients with the plants developed an external locus of control D. The patients with the plants had higher perceived control over their activities

C

At the Verizon store, Addie is shocked to see the iPhone 6s being advertised at $100. When she decides to buy the phone, she is talked into purchasing a package that includes unlimited data, damage protection, and more storage. Addie walks out of the store with her new iPhone, even though the price is about six times higher than she would've been willing to pay. What persuasion technique did the Verizon use? A. Door‐in‐the‐face B. Foot‐in‐the‐door C. Low‐balling D. Mere exposure

C

At the grocery store, you see a sign below the animal crackers boxes that says, "2 for the price of one!" When you take 2 boxes to the register and learn that each box is half off, you realize that you were duped into buying 2 boxes even though you initially only wanted 1 because the marketers used which of the following techniques? A. Normative Social Influence B. Informational Social Influence C. Framing D. Confirmation Bias

B

Based on the notion of relative deprivation, which of the following students is most likely to highest levels of satisfaction? AAbe, who is promoted and is given a salary that matches his co‐workers BRita, a star student who receives a B‐ on her final while all of her friends get Cs CLayla, the only freshman to make the soccer team, but the only player who is benched during games DGarry, who along with his colleagues, enjoys a quick ten minute commute to work

A

Based on her knowledge of the Barnum Effect, Melissa has the confidence to tell strangers that she can sense people's auras. What will Melissa likely do when a stranger asks her to "prove it"? A. She will give the person a vague, easily applicable character assessment B. She will use facial cues to determine the stranger's emotion state C. She will ask the person one question related to each of the Big 5 factors of personality D. She will calm the stranger by using priming and the wording effect

B

Excessive or unusual patterns of movements and postures are symptoms of which subset of schizophrenia? A. Delusional B. Catatonic C. Paranoid D. Disorganized

A

Carl Jung believed that all individuals share an inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history. What did he call this concept? A. Collective unconscious B. Latent memory C. Psychoanalytic continuity D. Psychogenic inheritance

B

Carmela had her bus hijacked while she was studying abroad in Brazil. Although she survived, two of the passengers were killed in the standoff. Since she has arrived back home, she has been experiencing insomnia, guilt, and depression. Which disorder fits Carmela's symptoms? A. Panic Disorder B. Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder C. Generalized Anxiety Disorder D. Hypervigilance

B

Cassandra knew that her roommate, Kai, was heading out to WeShop, and she wanted some ice cream. Cassandra stopped him at the door and handed him an extensive shopping list of things she needed. When Kai refused to buy her so much, she asked him if he would at least get her some ice cream. Kai agreed. What persuasion technique is Cassandra employing? A. Foot‐in‐the‐Door B. Door‐in‐the‐Face C. Low‐balling D. Reciprocity

D

Charlotte has spent the entire fall semester preparing and writing her psychology senior thesis. According to research on the stress response system, what is most likely to happen to Charlotte when she returns home for a relaxing winter break? A. She will enter a state of high sympathetic arousal and continue to work until she finishes B. Her heart‐rate will decrease and she will enter a state of profound relaxation C. In the absence of high stress, she will no longer demonstrate the motivation to work D. In a state of exhaustion, her body will develop a cough and other flu symptoms

D

Chelsea attends her first football game with her friends. When the referee makes a bad call, the crowd erupts. The fans around Chelsea start heckling the referee and throwing trash onto the field. Which element of group behavior explains why Chelsea finds herself joining in, even though she would never act this way alone? A. Groupthink B. Social facilitation C. Social comparison D. Deindividuation

B

Connor says that the sushi at Mikado's is excellent and most everyone else at Wesleyan agrees. Furthermore, Connor does not like most other restaurants. According to attribution theory, how would people typically explain Connor's review of Mikado's? A. Connor thinks all sushi is excellent and would give any Japanese restaurant high ratings B. Connor likes Mikado's because by any standard, the restaurant makes superior sushi C. Connor is from a culture where he grew up eating sushi, so his taste is a result of his cultural upbringing, not the restaurant D. Connor likes Mikado's because it is in close proximity to his dorm at Wesleyan

A

Culture X prefers stability and works to maintain order by having extensive laws rather than dealing with situations as they come along. Which of the following best describes the Country X's cultural value orientation? A. High uncertainty avoidance B. Low uncertainty avoidance C. High power distance D. Low power distance

C

Danny's sister hardly ever gets along with their dad. After a particularly nasty argument, she will start yelling at Danny for one thing or another. Danny understands that she is coping with their disagreement by using what defense mechanism? A. Projection B. Reaction Formation C. Displacement D. Repression

D

Emilia was frustrated that her parents wouldn't let her stay out past 11, and yelled angrily at them. Her parents explained to her that the curfew was in place for her safety and would not be changed unless she could come up with solutions and compromises to keep herself adequately safe with a later curfew. Which of the following parenting styles do Emilia's parents demonstrate? A. Authoritarian B. Permissive C. Inconsistent D. Authoritative

D

Gretchen falls victim to unpredictable episodes, during which she experiences overwhelming feelings of dread and terror. Additional symptoms include dizziness, shortness of breath and an irregular heartbeat. She tends to avoid situations and places where these attacks have previously struck. Gretchen suffers from what psychological disorder? A. Generalized Anxiety Disorder B. Social Anxiety Disorder C. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder D. Panic Disorder

C

How long must depressive symptoms be present before a diagnosis is made? A. Every day for one month B. On and off for two months C. Every day for two weeks D. On and off for six months

A

In follow‐ups to the original Milgram study, which of the following factors was found to significantly reduce participants' obedience to the authority figure? A. Receiving commands by telephone B. Completion of at least four years of college C. Participation in any length of military service D. Unawareness of the victim's identity

D

In studies of happiness interventions, which of the following techniques has been shown to effectively increase level of happiness and reduce symptoms of depression in participants up to six months later? A. Being given a large sum of money B. Writing a journal about childhood events C. Reflecting on what happened in past relationships and failures, and thinking of possible improvements or things that could have been done differently D. Keeping a daily journal of positive events and why they occurred

B

In the clip shown in class from Don Quixote, we see that there are different ways of approaching reality and defining what kind of behavior is "normal". Which view does Don Quixote exemplify? A. Functionalism B. Existentialism C. Empiricism D. Structuralism

A

It has been suggested that Alaskan Eskimos' rich vocabulary for describing snow enables them to perceive differences in snow conditions that would otherwise go unnoticed. This suggestion most clearly illustrates what? A. Linguistic determinism B. Inborn universal grammar C. The framing effect D. The availability heuristic

C

Jeremy goes to study abroad in another country. He is stunned to find that all of the students in all of his classes routinely call the professors by their first names. From a cultural perspective, which of the following is true about the country that Jeremy is visiting? A. The country is relatively high on power distance B. The country is relatively low on uncertainty avoidance C. The country is relatively low on power distance D. The country is relatively high on competition

C

Joe cheated on his most recent test even though he signed the university honor code. When confronted by his friend who saw him cheat, Joe uses Freud's classic defense mechanism of reaction formation, as indicated by which of Joe's responses to his friend? A. You are accusing me because you know you actually cheated B. Everyone on campus cheats on tests C. No, I hate cheaters and think they should be punished severely D. No I didn't, I would never do that

A

John is struggling with stress. His therapist asks him to try a biological based approach to coping. John is hooked up to a machine that monitors and allows him to see his heart rate in real time. John learns to relax as he is provided with information on changes in his heart rate. This is an example of which of the following methods? A. Biofeedback B. Benchmarking C. Selective Attention D. Reaction Formation

B

Konrad Lorenz's studies on imprinting in ducks suggested that there might be an equivalent critical period for humans to imprint on caregivers. According to Professor Stemler, what is the most important implication of this line of inquiry? A. Humans have a critical period for imprinting that is the same as ducks and other animals B. Not all findings from the non‐human animal world transfer to the human world C. Humans have a critical period for imprinting, but each human imprints at a different time and rate D. Humans will imprint, but this imprinting happens only after language is acquired

B

Malia was born in New York and moved to California when she was 15. She knows she is a "New Yorker," a person from New York, but it is not important to her at all. According to Tajfel, is being a "New Yorker" part of Malia's social identity? A. Yes, it is a central aspect B. No, it is not a part of her social identity if it is not important to her C. Yes, group membership is the critical feature of social identity D. It is really up to other people to determine her social identity, not her

D

Many psychologists believe that animals can think because they have capacity for insight, can problem solve, transmit cultural diversity, and what else? A. They can develop very large vocabularies B. They can discuss events using hypothetical "what if" language C. They can form sentences containing complex ideas D. They can form concepts

C

Martin has been diagnosed with Major Depression. His frequent feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, and extreme sadness are interfering with his ability to get to work on time and do his job effectively. Which of the three D's of abnormal psychology is Martin struggling with? A. Delusion B. Deviance C. Dysfunction D. Distance

D

Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment was designed to study which of the following? A. Theory of Mind B. Object Permanence C. Assimilation Schema D. Attachment Style

A

Mitch is hospitalized for schizophrenia. He has repeatedly complained to his nurses that he can hear whispers in his head and feel insects crawling all over his body. These symptoms are an example of what? A. Hallucinations B. Delusions C. Phobias D. Disorganized thoughts

B

Noam Chomsky argued that all children are born with a preprogrammed capacity to acquire language automatically. What did Chomsky call this capacity? A. Productive speech B. Universal grammar C. Domain generativity D. Phonemic awareness

A

Once a person is making a living wage, which of the following is one of the three main factors that have been shown to increase motivation, performance, and personal satisfaction in the workplace? A. Autonomy B. Recognition C. Financial bonuses D. Paid sick leave

B

One of the most common methods used in psychoanalysis includes the practice of having someone say whatever comes into their mind, no matter how embarrassing or trivial. This is known as what? A. Reaction formation B. Free Association C. Id Cleansing D. Repression

C

Patrick and Richard have been in a relationship for 6 years. However, they lack passion and rarely discuss anything important anymore. They have grown apart, but are determined to stay together. According to Sternberg's Triangular Love Theory, what type of love do they have? A. Companionate Love B. Liking Love C. Empty Love D. Fatuous Love

A

Presidents often appoint to their cabinets a variety of members with different perspectives who would be willing to challenge ideas brought to the table. They do this to avoid which phenomenon? A. Groupthink B. Self‐serving bias C. Social loafing D. Deindividuation

C

Rob is a Baltimore Orioles baseball fan who doesn't really like the Boston Red Sox. He has recently relocated to Boston and some co‐workers invite him to a bar to watch the game with a bunch of friends. The Red Sox are playing the Orioles and he finds himself entirely surrounded by Red Sox fans in this Boston bar. When conversations about baseball come up, Rob says that he is a Red Sox fan in order to avoid ridicule and possible rejection from his new friends. What type of social influence caused Rob to lie? A. Informational B. Cultural C. Normative D. Situational

A

Ruth engages in repetitive cycles of binge‐eating alternating with self‐induced vomiting and an intense fear of weight gaining. Which of the following eating disorders is she suffering from? A. Bulimia Nervosa B. Anorexia Nervosa C. Binge‐eating Disorder D. Atypical Eating Disorder

C

Sam desperately wanted to add some graphics to his term paper, but he didn't know how to do it. His friend, Carlos, offered to help him out and took care of the graphics quickly and easily. The following week, Carlos needed to borrow $20 so he decided to ask Sam. What persuasion technique is Carlos using? A. Foot‐in‐the‐door B. Low‐balling C. Reciprocity D. Cognitive Dissonance

B

Sam's Biochem final is worth 50% which is causing him a great deal of stress. Instead of studying for the final, Sam decides to play Fallout 4 and watch Parks & Rec with his friends. Which method is being used to cope with his stress? A. Problem‐focused coping B. Emotion‐focused coping C. Active coping D. Avoidant coping

C

Simone began to wonder if she was right to disagree with the practice of abortion. She gathered a few of her anti‐abortion friends to discuss how they had reached their conclusions. Afterwards, she felt much more strongly against the practice of abortion. What caused her to reach this conclusion? A. Groupthink B. Deindividuation C. Group Polarization D. Social Thinking

D

Tasha and Spencer return to Spencer's apartment after a night out to find that the apartment has been broken into, and some of Spencer's valuables have been stolen. If Tasha buys into the Just World Phenomenon, what will most likely be her response to the robbery? A. "I should double‐check my lock when I get home ‐ there's no telling who will get hit next" B. "Spencer is such a nice guy ‐ he should get his belongings back sooner rather than later" C. "Everything happens for a reason ‐ this robbery might be a blessing in disguise" D. "Spencer deserved the break in ‐ he probably didn't lock his front door well enough"

A

Terry decided to participate in a happiness experiment. The researchers required him to rate his happiness over the course of six months. During that time, he had many good and bad experiences, but upon reviewing his ratings at the end of the study, he noticed that after good events, his happiness ratings went up for a week or two and then returned to their previous levels. Similarly, after negative events, his happiness ratings went down for a week or two, but then returned to previous levels. Which of the following concepts explains this finding? A. Set‐Point Theory B. Reaction Formation C. Endurance Theory D. Benchmarking Theory

C

The ability to comprehend speech is referred to as what? A. Reductive language B. Perceptive language C. Receptive language D. Productive language

D

The phenomenon of "Black Friday" in which stores slash prices on certain items for one day only is a very effective technique for boosting sales profits. Specifically, stores tend to succeed in persuading people to buy products that they never intended to buy due to which of the following persuasion techniques? A. Mere exposure B. Reciprocity C. Low‐balling D. Scarcity

C

The research on persuasion techniques presented in class demonstrated that when people were asked to comply with a large request by simply asking them straight out, the compliance rates were around 17%. However, when using the foot‐in‐the‐door technique, these researchers found that compliance rates increased to roughly what rate? A. 25% B. 50% C. 75% D. 100%

C

The study of Genie, above all else, demonstrated what concept? A. That babies have the capacity to distinguish speech sounds they have never heard B. That "wild children" are still prevalent in the world C. That there is a critical period for language acquisition D. That language can develop at any time ‐ there is no critical period for language acquisition

C

The video shown in class discussed the research on the influence of parents versus peers. They noted that the vast majority of research shows that peers tend to most strongly influence which of the following elements, especially during adolescence? A. Deep aspects of cognition related to core values B. Aspirational tendencies such as future career orientations C. Superficial aspects of behavior, such as dress and language D. Religious orientation

A

There has been a great deal of discussion recently about "microaggressions". Microaggressions are brief, everyday exchanges that send denigrating messages to certain individuals because of their group membership. Based on what you have learned about the psychology of stress and coping, should we worry about microaggressions? If so, why? If not, why not? A. Yes, because the largest source of stress people face comes from day‐to‐ day stressors B. Yes, but mainly because they tend to inspire acts of physical violence C. No, because day‐to‐day stress does not have a major impact on health outcomes D. No, because they are at the micro level, their psychological impact is minimal

A

What do Sapir and Whorf believe about language? A. Language influences how people think B. People are always most fluent in their first language C. Humans are born with an innate capacity to learn language D. Language changes rapidly in all cultures

D

What happened when Harlow's monkeys that were deprived early of social contact became parents? A. They were rehabilitated by the offspring and learned social norms B. The monkeys behaved normally toward offspring C. The monkeys were caring but overprotective due to their own experiences D. They were highly abusive and cruel towards offspring

B

What is the common link between the Milgram Obedience study, the Asch Line Study, and the Zimbardo prison experiment? A. They show the power of individuals to determine their own destiny B. They suggest that human behavior is largely a result of situational forces C. They suggest that though there are a few bad apples, most people are generally good D. They show that studies conducted before the existence of ethical review boards did not produce valid findings

B

What is the difference between an obsession and a compulsion? A. Obsessions relate to behaviors; compulsions relate to thoughts B. Obsessions relate to thoughts; compulsions relate to behaviors C. Obsessions are associated with mania; compulsions are associated with depression D. Obsessions are associated with depression; compulsions are associated with mania

B

What is the typical age of onset for schizophrenia? A. Teens B. 20s C. 30s D. 40s

C

What percentage of people went all the way to administer the XXX shocks in Milgram's classic study on obedience to authority? A. 3% B. 50% C. 65% D. 100%

C

What types of information help determine the attribution we make? A. Attributions, Dispositions, Consensus B. Consistency, Popularity, Consensus C. Consistency, Distinctiveness, Consensus D. Distinctiveness, Popularity, Assimilation

C

What would most modern psychologists likely say about repression? A. They see patients all the time who suffer from it B. The more traumatic an experience is, the less it is remembered C. It is rare, if it exists at all D. It can be conquered using hypnosis and other tactics

C

When Frank goes to Spain, he has no difficulty understanding what people are saying to him, yet he cannot produce Spanish sentences of his own. Frank is weak in which aspect of language? A. Receptive Language B. Articulatory Language C. Productive Language D. Recipient Language

D

Which factor of the "Big Five" personality factors refers to whether someone is dutiful, scheduled, and orderly as opposed to being laidback, spontaneous, and unreliable? A. Neuroticism B. Extroversion C. Agreeableness D. Conscientiousness

A

Which of the Big Five personality traits does the "A" in OCEAN stand for? A. Agreeableness B. Ambitiousness C. Aggressiveness D. Amiableness

B

Which of the following best describes Kanzi the bonobo's linguistic ability? A. He can communicate flawlessly using sign language B. He can communicate using general nouns and simple two‐word grammar C. Using the lexigram, he can communicate using general nouns, complex grammar and syntax D. Using the lexigram, he can communicate complex grammar, but struggles with general nouns

D

Which of the following best describes a major difference between individualist and collectivist cultures? A. Individualist cultures de‐emphasize social labels such as gender and race; Collectivist cultures assign social roles based on such labels B. Individualist cultures emphasize mastery; Collectivist cultures emphasize autonomy C. Individualist cultures have fluid, ambiguous social norms; Collectivist cultures hold everyone to the same social standard D. Individualist cultures emphasize self‐discovery; Collectivist cultures emphasize the importance of performing your specific role in the community

B

Which of the following caregiver behaviors is associated with secure infant attachment? A. B. C. D. 58. What are A. B. C. D. AWaiting a variable period of time before comforting the infant BGiving prompt comfort whenever the infant cries or shows other signs of distress CWaiting a consistent period of time before comforting the infant DGiving contact comfort only when the infant's cries indicate hunger or other physical comfort

B

Which of the following concepts was proposed by neo‐Freudian Alfred Adler? A. That our childhood anxiety triggers our desire for love and security B. That much of our behavior is driven by efforts to overcome our childhood feelings of inferiority C. That the unconscious contains more than just repressed thoughts and feelings D. That repressed memories can resurface via the use of hypnosis

D

Which of the following factors predicted whether individuals in Milgram's original study obeyed the experimenter's orders or declined to continue with the experiment? A. Gender B. Ethnicity C. Education level D. None of the above

B

Which of the following individuals have had their behavior impacted by informational social influence? A. Sophie, who starts wearing infinity scarves to match her friends B. Natalie, who determines the correct fork to use at a fancy restaurant by watching other diners C. Todd, who smokes with his friends when they offer, even though he knows it's unhealthy D. Earl, who begrudgingly gives a standing ovation to a bad singer when others around him do the same

C

Which of the following psychopathologies has the highest mortality rate? A. Schizophrenia B. Depression C. Eating disorders D. Dissociative Identity Disorder

D

Which of the following resources is used most frequently by mental health professionals in the US when diagnosing mental disorders? A. The Axis III Classification of Diseases Manual B. Manual of Mental Health Anomalies C. WebMD D. The DSM‐V

A

Which of the following statements is an accurate statement about depression? A. Women are twice as likely as men to develop depression B. Men are twice as likely as women to develop depression C. Men and women are equally likely to develop depression D. Depression occurs most in elderly men and women

B

Which of the following terms refers to compliance with a direct request? A. Conformity B. Obedience C. Deindividuation D. Acceptance

D

Which of the following tests is scored according to McClelland's needs theory of motivation? A. Defining Issues Test B. Rorschach Inkblot Test C. MBTI Personality Test D. Thematic Apperception Test

C

Which of the following tests is widely used in business settings and for career counseling, but has little or no scientific validity? A. The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Test (MMPI) B. The Stanford‐Binet Intelligence Test C. The Myers‐Briggs Personality Test (MBTI) D. The Thematic Apperception Test

D

While out shopping with friends, Natasha suddenly felt intense dread and was terrified for no apparent reason; she had chest pain and felt an overwhelming need to flee the mall. However after about 10 minutes, the symptoms disappeared. She experiences this about once every month. Natasha is mostly likely suffering from which anxiety disorder? A. Generalized Anxiety Disorder B. Obsessive‐Compulsive Disorder C. Post‐Traumatic Stress Disorder D. Panic Disorder

C

Whitney steals candy from Weshop every time she goes grocery shopping. She believes that as long as no one catches her, she really isn't doing anything wrong. According to Kohlberg, Whitney's thinking is characteristic of which stage of moral development? A. Conventional B. Post‐conventional C. Pre‐conventional D. Unconventional

B

Why are there so many negative advertising campaigns during political election seasons? A. People love to hear gossip about others and candidates want to give the people what they want B. Candidates understand that people are more motivated to avoid loss than they are to approach gain C. Candidates will lie just to get people to talk about them in hopes of capitalizing on the mere exposure effect D. There are explicit rules that state that all campaign ads must be half positive and half negative

D

You are the developer of a new television show and you want to create different characters that represent Freud's Id, Ego, and Superego. Which of the following characters best represents the Id? A. Strict, uptight principal B. Life‐saving firefighter C. Hard‐working college student D. Celebrity rock star

D

Your best friend, who suffers from depression, often says, "I'm never going to feel better." What characteristic of depression does this statement demonstrate? A. The belief that events are internal B. The belief that events are global C. The belief that events are unavoidable D. The belief that events are stable

D

Your friend tells you that her therapist wants her to take a projective test at their next meeting. What will be on the test? A. Being given a word and saying the first thing that comes to mind being associated with that word B. Shapes she needs to name C. Certain buttons she needs to press when presented with specific letters D. Ambiguous stimuli that she needs interpret

D

f you were in downtown New York and needed to get help from someone because you were experiencing a medical emergency, what would be your best strategy? A. Yell, "Somebody help me!" B. Offer people $.25 to help you because cognitive dissonance will then drive them to help you C. Lay on the ground and pretend you are dying D. Pick out someone in the crowd walking by and make them feel personally responsible for helping by identifying them

A

n certain cultures, there is a strong preference for musical improvisation during a concert. This finding reflects which value dimension of the culture? A. Low Uncertainty Avoidance B. Event Punctuality C. High Doing D. Low Context

A

ob and Lisa met at Wesleyan and started dating; however, they soon discovered that they come from very different cultural contexts. While Bob derives pleasure out of listening to music, Lisa is only happy when making lists and planning for the future. Lisa has a long list of things she wants to accomplish and will not be happy until everything on the list is done. Although Bob is a high achiever, he is happiest when he is listening to music and engaging in spontaneous experiences. Bob's value orientation can best be described as which of the following? A. Being B. Cooperative C. High Uncertainty Avoidance D. Low Power Distance

C

the three core elements of Sternberg's Triangular Theory of Love? APassion, Fatuousness, and Flow BIntensity, Frequency, and Duration CPassion, Intimacy, and Commitment DIntensity, Duration and Flow