PSYC TEST 3 REVIEW

Freud said that the human mind is composed of three parts, namely ____.

1. Conscious 2. Preconscious 3. Unconscious OR 1. Id 2. Ego 3. Superego

Which of the following represents the correct developmental sequence of Sigmund Freud's stages of psychosexual development?

1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Phallic 4. Latency 5. Genital

____ is the ability to recall events that occur prior to the age of three or so.

Infantile Amnesia

Eysenck focused on her relationships between two personality traits: ____ and emotional stability-instability.

Introversion-Extraversion

Which of he following statements is true about schema?

It is a mental representation of the world, such as belief or an expectation, that can influence perception of people, objects, and situations It is influential on one's memories.

Which of the following is true about maintenance rehearsal?

It is the use of mental repetition of information to keep it in memory

The enhanced efficiency in a synapse after brief rapid stimulation that makes up learning is called _____.

Long-term Potentiation

A(n) _____ is an assumed change in the nervous system that reflects the impression made by a stimulus.

Memory Trace

According to Freud, the ego is guided by the _____?

Reality Principle

Which of the following is true about elaborative rehersal?

Relating information to something that is already known

Nicholas develops a new assessment tool to measure the psychological concept of extraversion. He finds that individuals who take the test repeatedly tend to score similarly each time. Which dimension of assessment has Nicholas established?

Reliability

In Freud's psychodynamic theory, _____ is the ejection of anxiety-evoking ideas from conscious awareness.

Repression

_____ is a process in psychological testing that checks out the scores, validity, and reliability of a test with people of various ages and from various groups.

Standardization

The Electra complex involves:

A conflict of the phallic stage in which the girl longs for her father and resents her mother.

Which of the following is a focus of Erikson's theory?

A firm sense of who one is and what one stands for Stages of psychosocial development 1st stage-Stage of Trust vs Mistrust *2 possible outcomes -warm, loving relationships during infancy would lead to a sense of basic trust with people in the world -cold, ungratifying relationships with others would generate a general sense of mistrust

Which of the following statements is true about explicit memory?

AKA-Declarative memory Memory for specific information Memory that clearly and distinctly expresses (explicates) specific information

Which of the following theorists believed that personality is not something people have but rather something they create to give meaning and direction to their lives?

Abraham Maslow

Ludwig, a cellist, is memorizing a musical composition by just listening to it, without referring to the sheet music. He most likely is using a(n).

Acoustic Code

Lauren is obsessed with the cleanliness of her room. According to the pschosexual stages of personality development, she is fixated at the ____.

Anal Stage

The Oedipus complex develops in the ____ of psychosexual development.

Anal Stage *Phallic Stage

____ is the failure to remember events that occurred prior to physical trauma because of the effects of trauma.

Anterograde Amnesia

After a single presentation, Megan can recall her friend's long-distance telephone number and five-digit extension even though the sequence contains 15 digits. One reason for the ease of her recall is that she combined the digits into smaller groups of three each. This processes is called ____.

Chunking

According to the five-factor model, the five basic personality factors are extraversion, neuroticism, ____, agreebleness, and openess to experience.

Conscientiousness

_____ is the loss of memory of personal information that is thought to stem from psychological conflict or trauma.

Dissociative Amnesia

____ is the sensory register that briefly holds mental representations of auditory stimuli.

Echoic memory

According to Erikson, which of the following is a goal of adolescence?

Ego Identity

Abe and Rose, who have been married for 13 years, are discussing the events that led to their very first date. Rose distinctly remembers giving Abe her telephone number at a party, but Abe is certain that he got the number from her best friend Linda. Abe and Rose have different _____ of the event.

Episodic Memories

A(n) ___ is a mental representation of a visual stimulus that is held briefly in sensor memory.

Icon

Which of the following is true about retroactive interference?

New learning interferes with the retrieval of old learning

Greg becomes a chain smoker in his early teens. According to the psychosexual stages of personality development, he is fixated at the ____.

Oral Stage

Alfred Adler's individual psychology focuses on:

People are motivated by an inferiority complex Self-awareness plays a role in the formation of personality

____ refers to the reasonably stable patterns of emotions, motives, and behavior that distinguish one person from another.

Personality

Which of the following is true of Carl Jung's analytical psychology theory?

Placed emphasis on the collective unconscious and archetypes Downplayed the importance of sexual instinct Collective unconscious contains archetypes Affect one's thoughts and feelings

Jonah loves learning new languages. In high-school, he learned French and in college, he learned Italian. Sometimes, when he has a problem remembering Italian words, French words come to mind. This is an example of ____.

Proactive Interference

_____ is the memory to perform an act in the future, as at a certain time or when a certain event occurs.

Prospective Memory

_____ of stored information means locating it and returning it to consciousness.

Retrieval

Sara was required to learn a list of 20 numbers in order. Initially, she took 15 repetitions to learn the list. After 5 days, she had forgotten the list of numbers and had to re-learn it. This time, she only took 8 tries to re-learn the numbers. The difference between the number of repetitions she originally took to learn the numbers and the number of repetitions she took to re-learn the numbers is known as _____.

Savings

According to Carl Rogers, ____ refer(s) to the mental images of what we are capable of becoming.

Self-Ideals

Christopher knows a lot of facts about the planet earth. He knows that the circumference of the earth is about 40,030 even though he did not personally measure the circumference of the earth. This knowledge is referred to as _____.

Semantic Knowledge

Caleb had read in the newspaper that had a popular corporation had appointed a new CEO. When he was talking about this to his friend, Caleb could only remember the first letter and the last letter of the new CEO's name. This illustrates _____.

Serial Position Effect

Karen Horney believed that the view that girls feel inferior to boys was based on ____.

Western Cultural Prejudice

According to Jung, which of the following refers to the primitive images contained in the collective uncnscious?

The all-powerful God The young hero The fertile and nurturing mother The wise old man

If an image of Abraham Lincoln's face flashed on a screen, the viewer could hold the visual impression in their sensory register as a _____.

Visual Code OR Memory Trace

Steve has just completed a personality assessment in which he was shown a series of cards one at a time and asked to make up stories about them. Which of the following tests is he most likely to have taken?

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

The ____ is the feeling that information is stored in memory although it cannot be readily retrieved.

Tip of the Tongue (TOT) Feeling-of-Knowing

Parents can help their children develop self-esteem when they show them _____ regard, or when they accept them as having intrinsic merit regardless of their behavior at the moment.

Unconditional positive

The _____ mind contains primitive instincts such as sex and aggression.

Unconscious

In psychological testing, _____ refers to the degree to which a test measures what it is supposed to measure.

Validity

Which of the following is true about the storage of information in long-term memory?

Vast storehouse of information Permanent storage of all memories *memories may be lost or kept unconscious by the forces of repression The memories could be distorted The memories are not lost by displacement

Jason, straining his eyes on the deck of a ship, is trying to memorize distant landmarks to the harbor entrance, he is trying to create a metal picture of all of the names. He is using ____?

Visual Code