PSYC3200 Chapter 7
permissive parenting
a style of parenting that offers warmth and caring but little control over children
hostile aggression
unprovoked aggression that seems to have the sole goal of intimidating, harassing, or humiliating another child -"your'e stupid"
joint custody
when both parents retain legal custody of their children following a divorse
Which of the following individuals is likely to experience the most harmful effects of their parents' divorce?
Ben who is an adolescent
relational agression
children try to hurt others by undermining their social relationships -gossip
Sexual abuse and physical abuse are forms of child ____.
maltreatment
Which is the most effective way for parents to reduce the negative impact of divorce on a child?
Don't view the love of your child as a competition between you and your ex-spouse.
What is the criterion by which most 4- or 5-year-old children select their first friends?
Who is a good playmate?
blended family
a family consisting of a biological parent, a stepparent, and children
crowd
a large group including may cliques that have similar attitudes and values
time-out
a punishment that involves removing children who are misbehaving from a situation to a quiet, stimulating environment
clique
a small group of friends who are similar in age, sex, race, and attitudes
authoritarian parenting
a style of parenting in which parents show high levels of control and low levels of warmth toward their children
authoritative parenting
a style of parenting in which parents use a moderate amount of control and are warm and responsive to their children -best type
uninvolved parenting
a style of parenting that provides neither warmth nor control and that minimizes the amount of time parents spend with children
friendship
a voluntary relationship between two people involving mutual liking -first emerge around 4 or 5
instrumental aggression
aggression used to achieve an explicit goal
rejected children
as applied to children's popularity, children who are disliked by many classmates
The ________ parenting style can be described as highly controlling but low in warmth.
authoritarian
When Ki-Jana asks his parents if he can buy a car, his parents say no but sit down and explain to him the reasoning behind their decision. His parents express affection toward him and tell him that they may consider the matter at some later time. Which parenting style best describes Ki-Jana's parents?
authoritative
controversial children
children who are both liked and dislikes intensely by classmates
neglected children
children who are ignored-neither liked or dislikes-by their classmates
average children
children who are like and dislikes by different classmates, but with relativiely little intensity
popular children
children who are liked by many classmates
Anita and Sarah are two adolescent girls who recently had their first "go steady" relationships. Coincidentally, their boyfriends both decided to end the relationships on the same day. Anita and Sarah have spent the last couple of days talking on the phone, spending time together, and texting each other about their broken hearts. This is an example of ________.
co-rumination
Younger children tend to describe other people in terms of
concrete features, such as behaviors.
co-rummination
conversations about personal problems, common among adolescent girls
Jeanette has a rather large group of peers, both boys and girls, with whom she shares some common interests. This group is known in the school as the "musicals," and they all participate in choir, band, or orchestra. They frequently get together to play music, discuss performances, or just "hang out." In this example, the "musicals" are a ________.
crowd
As adults, children whose parents divorced are more likely to experience all but which of the following?
domestic abuse
Preschool children's thinking is ________, which is why they frequently have difficulty seeing the world from another's point of view.
egocentric
A ________ is a voluntary relationship between two people involving mutual liking.
friendship
A dominance ________ refers to the ordering of individuals within a group in which group members with lower status defer to those with greater status.
heirarchy
Anjali's parents are divorced. Anjali spends weekends with his father and the rest of the week with his mother. In legal terms, this arrangement is an aspect of what is known as
joint custody
One form of child maltreatment is called ________, which involves depriving a child of adequate food, clothing, and/or medical care.
neglect
As your textbook notes, children are generally able to identify people from ethnic groups other than their own by what age range?
preschool years
Research into the different "types" of children found in elementary school classrooms found five different categories. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
solitary children
For children, peer rejection in childhood can have serious long-term consequences, including all but which of the following outcomes?
suffering from increased numbers of medical problems
socialization
teaching children the values, roles, and behaviors of their culture
direct instruction
telling a child what to do, when, and why
dominance hierarchy
the ordering of individuals within a group in which group members with lower status defer to those with greater status
The primary purpose of hostile aggression seems to be
to intimidate, harass, or embarrass the victim.
P.J.'s parents provide neither warmth for him nor control of his actions. They do not spend much time with him, and they do give him much opportunity for any real emotional bonding with them. According to Baumrind (1975, 1991), P.J. is receiving ________ parenting.
uninvolved
negative reinforcement trap
unwittingly reinforcing a behavior you want to discourage