Psych 200 Chapter 4, 5, & 6
The ability to hear a note and identify it perfectly is called ____.
absolute pitch
The ability to hear a note and identify it perfectly is called ____.
absolute pitch
Various types of ____ cells refine the input to ganglion cells, enabling them to respond specifically to shapes, movement, or other visual features.
amacrine cells
What is the intensity of a sound wave called?
amplitude
Areas bordering the primary auditory cortex are important for ____.
analyzing the meaning of sounds
Given the characteristics of small-molecule transmitters and neuropeptides, we can conclude that small-molecule transmitters
are well-suited to roles as neurotransmitters, whereas neuropeptides are well-suited to roles as neuromodulators.
A tonotopic map refers to a(n) ____.
auditory cortex map of sounds
The scala vestibuli and scala media make up part of the ____.
cochlea
According to the retinex theory, we perceive color by ____.
contrasting the activity in one area of the visual field with that of the others
Tinnitus may be ____.
due to a phenomenon like the phantom limb
Pitch is a perception related to which aspect of sound?
frequency
The fact that the refractory period limits the firing rate of a neuron is problematic for which of the following?
frequency theory
The optic nerve is composed of axons from which kind of cell?
ganglion cells
Which of the following is true for nerve deafness?
it can result from damage to the cochlea
Cutting the left optic nerve in front of the optic chiasm would result in blindness in the ____.
left eye
Patients with damage in area MT have problems with perception of ____.
movement of objects and sounds
What kind of deafness is the result of damage to the cochlea or the hair cells?
nerve
The frequency of a sound is the ____.
number of compressions per second.
Axons from the lateral geniculate extend to which area of the cerebral cortex?
occipital lobe
Which theory of color vision is best able to explain negative color afterimages?
opponent-process theory
____ are chemicals that release energy when struck by light.
photopigments
Proliferation is the ____.
production of new cells
The ____ of any neuron in the visual system is the area of the visual field that excites or inhibits it.
receptive field
Color constancy is the ability to ____.
recognize the color of an object despite changes in lighting
To what does "shape constancy" refer?
recognizing objects even at different orientations
Which theory can best explain why people that are wearing yellow-colored glasses can still identify the color of a green apple?
retinex theory
Which two structures provide information about vestibular sensation?
semicircular canals and otolith organs
In comparison to the rods, cones are more ____.
sensitive to detail
Damage to the ventral stream may interfere with ____.
the ability to describe the shape or size of an object
Evolution improves the fitness of the population, which is defined as ____.
the number of copies of one's genes that endure in later generations
Three small bones connect the tympanic membrane to the oval window. What is the function of these bones?
they convert airwaves into waves of greater pressure
According to the Young-Helmholtz theory, what is the basis for color vision?
three kinds of cones
What is the perception of the intensity of a sound wave called?
loudness
In the auditory system, hair cells are specialized receptors that respond to ____.
mechanical displacement
Conductive deafness is also known as ____.
middle ear deafness
The ____ nucleus of the thalamus is associated with pain perception of the body.
ventral posterior
An inability to recognize objects despite otherwise satisfactory vision is called ____.
visual agnosia
Astigmatism refers to the ____.
asymmetric curvature of eyes
The fact that all colors on older televisions were created by combining only three different colors of light supports the ____ theory of color vision.
trichromatic
Vibrations in the fluid of the cochlea causes ____.
hair cells to displace
Each receptor responds to a limited range of stimuli and sends a direct line to the brain. This type of coding is referred to as ____.
labeled-line
The ability to detect movement better than color in our peripheral vision is largely due to ____.
magnocellular neurons in the periphery
The structure that we commonly refer to as the ear (on the outside of the head) is formally known as the ____.
pinna
In addition to having difficulty recognizing faces, people with prosopagnosia may have difficulty____.
recognizing different kinds of plants and animals
The eardrum vibrates at ____.
the same frequency as the sound waves that hit it
The eardrum is also known as the ____.
tympanic membrane
The one additional feature that hypercomplex cells have that complex cells do not.
a strong inhibitory area at one end of its receptive field
Perception of a low tone is to ____ as perception of a high tone is to ____.
frequency theory; plan theory