Psych 245- Exam 3

Identify the Big Five personality factor that classifies a person as either organized or disorganized.

Conscientiousness

Which of the following Big Five personality factors describes a person as either disciplined or impulsive?

Conscientiousness

In the Berkeley Studies, which characteristic was generally stable across time for adults?

Self-confidence

Self-disclosure and the sharing of private thoughts are hallmarks of:

intimacy

_____ is the developmental period that begins around 40 to 45 years old and lasts until around 60 to 65 years of age.

Middle adulthood

In terms of attachment, who fulfills the needs for young adults that parents did for their children?

Romantic partners

Which of the following statements about spirituality is TRUE?

Women show a stronger interest in religion and spirituality than men.

Alzheimer disease involves a deficiency in an important brain messenger chemical called:

acetylcholine

Reductions in _____ have been linked to small declines in memory functioning and to the severe memory loss associated with Alzheimer disease.

acetylcholine

_____ involves an extensive loss of bone tissue.

Osteoporosis

Which one of the following is an advantage of having children late?

Parents have more income for child-rearing expenses.

This is the best explanation for why middle adulthood comes later and lasts longer now than over 100 years ago:

People today have healthier lifestyles than people in the early 1900s.

What is the average life expectancy for individuals born today in the United States?

78.7 years

_____ love is also called companionate love.

Affectionate

According to the Big 5 personality factors, which of the following supertraits describes a person as either helpful or uncooperative?

Agreeableness

Which of the following is a consistent finding regarding age identity?

As adults become older their age identity is younger than their chronological age.

Development in early adulthood involves a balance of:

D. intimacy and commitment on the one hand, with independence and freedom on the other.

This is the MOST typical vision related issue faced by individuals in middle adulthood.

Difficulty viewing close objects

Which of the following biological theories of aging states that people age because their cells' normal metabolism produces unstable oxygen molecules?

Free-radical theory

Which of the following is NOT associated with menopause in women?

High blood sugar

According to Erik Erikson, which of the following stages occurs during early adulthood, after individuals are well on their way to establishing stable and successful identities?

Intimacy versus isolation

_____ is a condition in which individuals may have relatively normal peripheral vision but are unable to see clearly what is right in front of them.

Macular degeneration

In 2011, which of the following countries had the highest life expectancy?

Monaco

According to the Big 4 personality factors, which of the following supertrait describes whether an individual is either secure or insecure?

Neuroticism

In the Berkeley Studies, which of the following largely changed the most across time for adults?

Nurturance or hostility

This develops when someone senses that they haven't done much for the next generation.

Stagnation

According to the contemporary life-events approach, the influence of life events also depends on all of the following, EXCEPT:

The individual's cognitive capacity

To gauge ________, these you may ask someone, "What age group do you fit in with?" and "How young or old do you feel?"

age identity.

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of a secure attachment in adulthood?

anxiety

Gisela is suffering from a condition that involves thickening of the lens of her eyes. This causes her vision to become cloudy or distorted. Identify the condition that Gisela is suffering from.

cataracts

Middle-aged adults experience the perception (or reality) of having less control over their:

children

Living together in a sexual relationship without being married is known as:

cohabitation

Researcher John Horn stated that _____ steadily increases from mid-adulthood onward.

crystallized

Individuals with an anxious attachment style:

demand closeness in relationships and are more emotional.

Alzheimer disease is a form of:

dementia

The vision of older adults can be affected by age-related changes. One of these changes, which can make steps and curbs difficult to manage, is a decline in:

depth perception.

Remembering where you went on vacation last summer is an example of _____ memory.

episodic

When women begin menopause, the production of _____ by their ovaries declines dramatically.

estrogen

Which of the following is NOT a component of Sternberg's triangular theory of love?

exchange

Researcher John Horn stated that _____ steadily declines from mid-adulthood onward.

fluid intelligence

Erikson proposed that middle-aged adults face this developmental issue:

generativity versus stagnation.

Developmental experts on adulthood are largely unanimous in their belief that the concept of midlife crises:

have been exaggerated.

During middle age, the ability to hear _____ sounds declines first.

high-pitched

A research study by Park showed that _____ religious individuals were less likely to demonstrate psychological distress.

highly

Engaging in pleasant activities of one's own interest on your own accord, is called:

leisure

_____ is the number of years that the average person born in a particular year will probably live.

life expectancy

In general, a middle aged adult _____ height and _____ weight.

loses; gains

Middle adulthood is sometimes called the sandwich generation because:

middle-aged adults may have to care for their own adolescent children as well as their elderly parents.

Levinson, a developmental researcher, sees the 20's as a(n) _____ phase of adult development.

novice

According to Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of love, love is characterized by the dimensions of:

passion, commitment, and intimacy.

Fluid intelligence is the ability to:

reason abstractly.

_____ love is also called eros.

romantic

Secure attachment to parents during childhood correlates with:

secure attachment to romantic partners in adulthood.

_____ infants are defined as those who use the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment.

securely attached

The term _____ refers to the ability to focus on a specific aspect of experience that is relevant to the task at hand while ignoring others that are irrelevant.

selective attention

Helen's knowledge of calculus and statistics is a part of her _____ memory.

semantic

Although Alicia has a great memory for trivia, she has difficulty remembering important events in her life. Alicia has good _____ memory but poor _____ memory.

semantic, episodic