PSYCH 281 Exam Three
A 12-year-old middle-school European-American girl from a middle-class socioeconomic background has been diagnosed with bipolar I disorder. Which of her characteristics is MOST unusual for those with bipolar I disorder diagnosis? Select one: a. her age b. her ethnicity c. her gender d. her socioeconomic background
A
A friend of yours who has been diagnosed with depression asks you, "I'm concerned about my child; is there anything I should especially be aware of?" Of the following, your BEST answer would be, "Yes, most people with depression don't: Select one: a. read to their child." b. hug or cuddle their child." c. sing or play music with their child." d. play with their child."
A
A married couple who occasionally engages in consensual sexual dominance and submission MOST likely exemplifies ______. Select one: a. paraphilia b. paraphilic disorder c. frotteurism d. fetishism
A
A person who loses weight by forcing herself to vomit after meals or by using laxatives, and who otherwise fits the definition of anorexia is experiencing: Select one: a. binge-eating/purging anorexia nervosa. b. food-phobia anorexia nervosa. c. restricted-type anorexia nervosa. d. variable-limited anorexia nervosa.
A
A therapist describes a patient who believes her personal worth is tied to each task she performs. She draws negative conclusions from very little evidence, amplifies minor mistakes into major character flaws, and suffers from repetitive thoughts that remind her of her flaws. You conclude that the therapist holds which theoretical orientation? Select one: a. cognitive b. biological c. behavioral d. psychoanalytic
A
According to Aaron Beck, a person who is experiencing depression is most likely to have which of the following thoughts after failing an exam? Select one: a. "I am so stupid. There is no way that I can pass this course." b. "I did not have enough time to study, I will do better next time." c. "This professor is out to get me." d. "Oh well, it was a hard test. Most of the class probably did poorly, too."
A
As a result of taking antidepressant drugs, a person is experiencing increased production of new neurons in the hippocampus. This is: Select one: a. normal, and is one indication of successful treatment. b. abnormal, and is one indication that the drug is not working. c. abnormal, and is an indication that bipolar disorder would be the proper diagnosis. d. abnormal, and is an indication that the depression is worsening.
A
Bipolar disorder has a _______________ rate of heritability, suggesting a biological cause. Select one: a. high b. moderate c. random d. low
A
Elaine feels that her life is empty. She has lost interest in her career and hobbies, and she wonders if she would be better off dead. She is MOST likely suffering from ______ disorder. Select one: a. major depressive b. obsessive-compulsive c. bipolar d. generalized anxiety
A
For the previous six weeks or so, Carlton's co-workers have noticed that he has seemed very sad much of the time. He has also stopped going to team lunches and stays in his office on his own far more than usual. However, in the last few days, he has seemed very different. He has been in an excited state much of the time, talking more rapidly than usual, and many of his ideas at team meetings seem unrealistic and overambitious. Which of the following disorders are Carlton's symptoms most consistent with? Select one: a. bipolar disorder b. major depressive disorder c. generalized anxiety disorder d. antisocial personality disorder
A
In ______ disorder, individuals become aroused by exposing their genitals to an unsuspecting stranger. Select one: a. exhibitionistic b. paraphilic c. voyeuristic d. pedophilic
A
In order to change the high rates of obesity among U.S. children and adolescents, which of the following should be addressed? Select one: a. rates of exercise and dietary habits b. parental attitudes toward their children c. level of prejudice against obese people d. knowledge about the physiological correlates of obesity
A
In the United States, as many as ______ of females may experience bulimia nervosa during their lifetime. Select one: a. 2% b. 1% c. 5% d. 4%
A
Of the three major eating disorders, only ______ affect(s) MORE than 1 in 100 males. Select one: a. binge eating disorder b. bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder c. bulimia nervosa d. anorexia nervosa
A
Psychopathology includes illnesses or disorders that involve ______________ symptoms. Select one: a. psychological or psychiatric b. chronic or emotional c. neurological or spiritual d. motor or physical
A
Research has shown that schizophrenia is influenced by biological factors. Specifically, brain imaging studies have shown that in people with schizophrenia Select one: a. the amount of overall brain tissue is reduced. b. the brain's ventricles become smaller over time. c. the frontal and occipital lobes show a dramatic increase in activity. d. both the amygdala and the hippocampus are not very active.
A
Research indicates that typically, Select one: a. women are twice as likely to experience depression. b. rates of depression change little from one generation to the next. c. depression is rarely seen in the young or elderly. d. men are twice as likely to experience depression.
A
Terry has been diagnosed as having a paraphilia, specifically transvestic fetishism. Terry is MOST likely to be: Select one: a. male. b. gay. c. female. d. elderly.
A
The internal experience of being male or female is one's gender ______. Select one: a. identity b. role c. type d. schema
A
The personality characteristics associated with anorexia nervosa do NOT include ______. Select one: a. extraversion b. perfectionism c. high anxiety d. obsessiveness
A
Twin studies suggest that familial influence on Major Depressive Disorders is due to _______________________. Select one: a. genetic factors and environmental factors b. genetic factors only c. individual-specific environmental factors and shared environmental factors d. environmental factors only
A
Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding current theories on gender differences in relation to depression? Select one: a. They all have some supporting evidence, but they all also have some research findings they can't explain. b. Life stress and body dissatisfaction explanations have substantially better support than the other explanations. c. Artifact theory probably will emerge as a dominant explanation. d. Rumination theory has almost no support and is on the way out.
A
Which of the following would be a physical symptom of depression? Select one: a. sleeping poorly b. lack of desire to go to work c. decreased level of physical activity d. experiences of sadness and dejection
A
Which of the following would be the MOST common type of hallucination? Select one: a. That dog is singing to me and asking me to sing along. b. That butterfly is growing so much it is as big as the house. c. There are invisible bugs crawling under my skin. d. My intestines are a mass of wiggling worms.
A
Which theoretical orientation would support the finding that there is a significant relationship between positive life events and feelings of life satisfaction and happiness? Select one: a. behavioral b. biochemical c. cognitive d. psychoanalytic
A
Which theory proposes that stressors which disrupt daily routines can trigger relapses in mood disorders? Select one: a. social zeitgeber theory b. inhibitory disruption theory c. symptom tracker theory d. psychological vulnerabilities theory
A
"Biggest Loser" contestants, if they are like the majority of obese people, are MOST likely: Select one: a. to be frequent binge eaters. b. to not display binge eating disorder. c. to binge on different kinds of food than those who experience bulimia nervosa. d. to engage in excessive compensatory activities.
B
"Cross-dressing" is another term for: Select one: a. homosexuality. b. transvestic disorder. c. orgasmic reorientation. d. satiation.
B
A number of physical ailments have been linked to obesity. One psychological condition or disorder that has been linked to obesity is ______. Select one: a. OCD b. depression c. anxiety d. schizophrenia
B
A patient in a psychiatric hospital exhibits disordered thinking, bizarre behavior, and hallucinations. This person is probably suffering from ______. Select one: a. dissociative disorder b. schizophrenia c. bipolar disorder d. antisocial disorder
B
A sense of irritability is associated with ______. Select one: a. neither depression, nor mania b. both depression and mania c. mania but not depression d. depression but not mania
B
Anasophia binges on chocolates, then induces vomiting, and then swallows laxatives. Anasophia probably suffers from ________ nervosa. Select one: a. anorexia b. bulimia c. leptin deficiency d. Prader-Willi
B
Bipolar disorder is MOST often treated using ______. Select one: a. benzodiazepines b. lithium c. antipsychotics d. antidepressants
B
Carrie recently quit her job, packed up her car, and drove to Las Vegas, where she gambled away her entire life savings in 24 hours. Based on this, Carrie may be experiencing Select one: a. a panic attack. b. a manic episode. c. depression. d. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
B
Dr. Arrigan treats many clients with schizophrenia. Some of them function very well and are able to hold jobs and maintain social relationships. Others are mostly confined to their houses and rely on the care of others. Which approach to diagnosing mental disorders allows Dr. Arrigan to classify all of these clients as having schizophrenia based on the different degree of severity of their symptoms? Select one: a. the psychological testing approach b. the dimensional approach c. the diathesis-stress model d. the biopsychosocial approach
B
Francine never initiates sex, and she finds no excitement or pleasure in sex. Francine's case illustrates ______ disorder. Select one: a. female orgasmic b. female sexual arousal/interest c. genito-pelvic pain/penetration d. hypoactive sexual desire
B
Gigi, who has schizophrenia, believes that she was sent by God to one day rule the world. Her belief is an example of a(n) ______. Select one: a. hallucination b. delusion c. alogia d. phobia
B
In ______ disorder, an individual experiences sexual arousal from the act of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer that causes distress or impairment in the person's life. Select one: a. paraphilic b. sexual masochism c. pedophilic d. exhibitionistic
B
John was recently diagnosed with schizophrenia. He frequently makes statements that are not logical and contain repeating rhyming words, such as "The train brain rained on me." In this example, John is displaying Select one: a. delusions. b. disorganized speech. c. negative symptoms. d. hallucinations.
B
Jose just saw his best friend shot and killed by a gunman who was driving through his neighborhood. A month later he is in a psychologist's office complaining that he cannot work; everything seems hopeless. There are several other symptoms consistent with these. Based on these data, the diagnosis would MOST likely be: Select one: a. recurrent depression. b. reactive depression. c. endogenous depression. d. melancholic depression.
B
Lamont thinks his neighbor sends subliminal messages to his brain. In order to prevent these messages, Lamont believes he should not shower or change his clothes every day. Lamont does not meet the criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia, but he may be experiencing long-lasting, maladaptive patterns of interacting with the world around him. In this case, Lamont may be diagnosed with Select one: a. negative symptoms. b. a personality disorder. c. diminished brain ventricles. d. dissociative identity disorder.
B
Of the following, the one MOST likely to be diagnosed with depression is a: Select one: a. man from Nigeria who is a new immigrant to the United States. b. U.S. woman who has lived all her life on a Native American reservation. c. U.S. boy in his early teens. d. U.S. woman of Hispanic American heritage.
B
People experiencing mania: Select one: a. are acutely aware of their domineering, excessive behaviors. b. want excitement and companionship. c. enthusiastically long for new friends, but ignore old friends. d. enthusiastically look for old friends, but ignore new friends.
B
Pierre feels terrible. He is sad, tired, and depressed, but he refuses to show it. This is consistent with the: Select one: a. hormone theory. b. artifact theory. c. quality-of-life theory. d. social pressure.
B
Recent research indicates that all of the following brain structures or regions are part of the brain circuit involved in unipolar depression, EXCEPT: Select one: a. Brodmann Area 25. b. the corpus callosum. c. the hippocampus. d. the amygdala.
B
Recent research using genetic linkage studies has looked for possible patterns of inheritance of bipolar disorders. The results suggest that: Select one: a. there does not appear to be a genetic component in the development of bipolar disorders. b. there may be several different genes that establish a predisposition to develop bipolar disorders. c. the close relatives of people with bipolar disorders have an 80 percent chance of having one of these disorders. d. careful studies in other countries suggest that environmental factors are of far greater importance than genetic factors in the development of bipolar disorders.
B
Research indicates that bipolar disorders are: Select one: a. commonly misdiagnosed b. often found to co-occur with other disorders such as an anxiety disorder or substance use disorders c. twice as likely to be experienced by women d. rarely seen in the elderly
B
Seasonal affective disorder is associated with fewer hours per day of daylight during the winter months. Less daylight, or, more accurately, more darkness, may cause the release of: Select one: a. BDNF. b. melatonin. c. serotonin. d. cortisol.
B
Somene who experiences a half-dozen alternations between mild mania and major depression within a one-year time span would be classified as: Select one: a. bipolar II seasonal. b. bipolar II rapid cycling. c. bipolar I mixed episodes. d. bipolar I.
B
The type of clinician who would be MOST likely to say, "Tell me about the quality of mutual support you receive from your marriage" is a: Select one: a. psychodynamic clinician. b. behavioral clinician. c. cognitive clinician. d. sociocultural clinician.
B
What are the chances that researchers will develop a specific, gene-based explanation for unipolar depression in the near future? Select one: a. almost zero—so far, no specific genes have been linked to unipolar depression b. low—so far, specific genes on half or more of chromosomes have been linked to unipolar depression c. moderate—researchers have identified at most a half-dozen or so genes linked to unipolar depression d. high—researchers have narrowed their study down to at most three genes linked to unipolar depression
B
What symptom of schizophrenia is illustrated by the following example? So bees with knees have fleas and fleas jump, I jump like a jack, Jack the Giant Killer. Giants kill and transform things and something happened, but we can't hear because our eyes are like flies that flew away. Select one: a. catatonic behavior b. disorganized thinking c. hallucinations d. paranoid delusions
B
Which of the following is a way that anorexia nervosa is different from bulimia nervosa? Select one: a. Anorexia is associated with binge eating, and bulimia is associated with starvation. b. Anorexia is associated with starvation, and bulimia is associated with binge eating. c. More men than women suffer from anorexia. d. More men than women suffer from bulimia.
B
With respect to schizophrenia, positive symptom is to negative symptom as ______ is to ______. Select one: a. lack of emotion; disorganized thinking b. hallucination; social withdrawal c. poor motivation; social withdrawal d. hallucination; delusion
B
________ dysphoria is a diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify with the cultural expectations associated with their biological sex. Select one: a. bisexual b. gender c. homosexual d. sex
B
A baby who was separated from its mother at birth, and who subsequently became withdrawn, sad, and tearful, could be experiencing: Select one: a. postpartum depression. b. posttraumatic depression syndrome. c. anaclitic depression. d. dysthymic depression.
C
A decrease in social rewards, especially a decrease in social support, such as the support found in a happy marriage may precede the onset of depression, providing evidence for which theoretical perspectives? Select one: a. psychodynamic and cognitive b. cognitive and behavioral c. behavioral and sociocultural d. sociocultural and biological
C
A flasher is a(n) ______. Select one: a. masochist b. voyeur c. exhibitionist d. sadist
C
A milder pattern of mood swings that does not reach the severity of bipolar disorder but does include brief depressive and manic episodes is called ______ disorder. Select one: a. dysthymic b. anhedomic c. cyclothymic d. anxiety
C
A person with schizophrenia who is feeling apathetic, drained, and unable to start or follow through on any projects is displaying: Select one: a. poverty of speech. b. blunted or flat affect. c. loss of volition. d. social withdrawal.
C
A recently divorced individual who swears off dating for fear of experiencing another failed relationship has an increased risk of developing a depressive disorder, providing direct support for which theoretical explanation of depression? Select one: a. psychodynamic and cognitive b. cognitive and behavioral c. behavioral and sociocultural d. sociocultural and biological
C
According to Freudian theory, depression results in part from: Select one: a. learned helplessness. b. irrational expectations. c. regression to the oral stage. d. learned anxiety turned inward.
C
Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why? Select one: a. Apollonia also suffers from social anxiety disorder. b. Mood disorders are more likely to occur in younger people. c. Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis. d. People who grow up with a depressed parent become depressed themselves.
C
As compared with a manic episode, a hypomanic episode is ______ in duration and ______ severe. Select one: a. shorter; more b. longer; more c. shorter; less d. longer; less
C
Blythe had a large breakfast in the late morning. Even though she was planning to skip lunch, she starts to feel hungry at noon and decides to eat. The fact that Blythe wants to eat at her normal lunchtime even though she ate a late breakfast can be best explained by Select one: a. poor self-regulation. b. low self-efficacy. c. classical conditioning. d. homeostatic adjustment.
C
Carmen believes that she has the amazing power to control the thoughts of her classmates and make them do what she wants. Mandy believes that all her classmates are trying to manipulate her thoughts. Carmen is experiencing ________ delusions, while Mandy is experiencing ________ delusions. Select one: a. persecution; control b. control; grandiose c. grandiose; control d. grandiose; persecution
C
Changes in body image among African American women and among women in non-Westernized cultures support the idea that ______ has/have a strong influence on body image. Select one: a. genetic similarities b. cognitive distortions c. exposure to white U.S. culture d. the impact of gender
C
George rarely, if ever, has sexual fantasies, and he shows little or no interest in sexual activity. George's case is an example of ______. Select one: a. erectile dysfunction b. male orgasmic disorder c. male hypoactive sexual desire disorder d. delayed ejaculation
C
If I'm in a depressed mood and all I do is think about my mood, without trying to change it, I'm making what kind of response? Select one: a. helplessness b. hopelessness c. ruminative d. perseverative
C
If binge eating is followed by a period of strenuous exercise to compensate for the food, the diagnosis is probably: Select one: a. binge-eating disorder. b. purging-type bulimia nervosa. c. nonpurging-type bulimia nervosa. d. eating disorder not otherwise specified.
C
In addition to unspecified paraphilic disorders, the DSM-5 distinguishes among ______ paraphilic disorders. Select one: a. four b. 10 c. eight d. six
C
In the United States, the lifetime prevalence for major depressive disorder is approximately ______. Select one: a. 40% b. 20% c. 30% d. 10%
C
Judith is currently experiencing a period of sadness that interferes with her ability to go to work and to take care of her children. It has lasted now for three weeks, and she has experienced similar episodes in the past. What type of major depression would she MOST likely be diagnosed with? Select one: a. seasonal b. catatonic c. recurrent d. melancholic
C
Lasting improvement for one with anorexia nervosa depends on: Select one: a. continuing medical treatment. b. drug therapy over several years. c. addressing underlying psychological problems. d. recognizing the need to give up control.
C
Milder forms of bipolar disorders are known as ______ disorder. Select one: a. hypomanic-depressive b. dysthymic c. cyclothymic d. manic-depressive
C
Of the following statements, which is accurate, based on current research? Select one: a. Unipolar depression and bipolar disorder both have several important factors. b. Unipolar depression has one major factor; bipolar disorder has several important factors. c. Unipolar depression has several important factors; bipolar disorder has one major factor. d. Unipolar depression and bipolar disorder have one major factor.
C
Of the following, the MOST accurate description of the symptoms of mania would be that they: Select one: a. are highly correlated with positive life events. b. are the same as those of depression (e.g., sadness), but accompanied by aggressiveness. c. don't include a sense of the impact of one's actions on others. d. very seldom include physical activity, usually including only mental activity.
C
One who is experiencing gender dysphoria: Select one: a. cross-dresses for the purpose of sexual arousal. b. is content with his or her transgendered experiences. c. is unhappy with his or her biological gender. d. cannot be categorized using current DSM-5 definitions.
C
One who looks at the influence of race, living conditions, marital status, and roles on the development of depression would MOST likely represent which theoretical orientation? Select one: a. behavioral b. cognitive c. sociocultural d. psychodynamic
C
Since immediately after the birth of her son, Maria has experienced a period of sadness that interferes with her ability to take care of him. She has never felt this way before, but this has been going on for several weeks. With what type of major depression would she MOST likely be diagnosed? Select one: a. seasonal b. catatonic c. postpartum d. melancholic
C
Studies relating rates of diagnosis of schizophrenia to poverty and race show: Select one: a. a connection between diagnosis of schizophrenia and poverty. b. a connection between diagnosis of schizophrenia and race. c. a connection between diagnosis of schizophrenia and both race and poverty. d. no clear connection between diagnosis of schizophrenia and either race or poverty.
C
Ted was diagnosed at age 18 with severe schizophrenia. His functioning has progressively gotten worse since his diagnosis. Compared with people who have more mild cases of schizophrenia, neuroimaging of Ted's brain would reveal that he has Select one: a. enlarged temporal lobes. b. smaller ventricles. c. a reduced amount of brain tissue. d. an underactive dopamine system.
C
The MOST common type of hallucination in schizophrenia is: Select one: a. visual. b. tactile. c. auditory. d. olfactory.
C
The association between major life stress and the development of depression is BEST described as ______. Select one: a. inverse b. moderate c. strong d. minimal
C
The diagnostic criteria for delayed ejaculation specify that ejaculation problems must occur in at least ______ of sexual experiences over a 6-month period. Select one: a. 80% b. 50% c. 75% d. 25%
C
The fact that insurance companies in the United States generally covered Viagra but not birth control pills until required to by state law supports the idea that: Select one: a. birth control pills carry more medical risks than Viagra. b. private funds need to cover women's sexual health, but not men's. c. societal standards are different for sexually active men than they are for women. d. the United States lags behind other countries (such as Japan) in recognizing women's sexuality.
C
Which of the following is a risk factor for schizophrenia? Select one: a. children born to older mothers b. children from rural settings c. children born to older fathers d. scientists have been unable to identify specific risk factors for schizophrenia
C
Which of the following is the MOST accurate biological explanation for people who gain weight after losing it? Select one: a. abnormally high levels of serotonin persist despite dieting b. hypothalamus stops producing the appetite suppressant GLP-1. c. the brain is trying to restore the person to a set weight point. d. excessive stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus
C
Which statement is NOT true regarding suicide? Select one: a. Females attempt suicide more often than males. b. Males tend to use more lethal means of suicide. c. Poisonings and overdoses account for the majority of suicide deaths. d. Males are more likely to die from suicide attempts than females.
C
______ is NOT a characteristic of mania. Select one: a. Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity b. An excessive involvement in risky activities c. A decrease in goal-directed activity d. A decreased need for sleep
C
A friend of yours wishes to be a highly creative artist. What is the best advice you could give your friend regarding mood disorders? Select one: a. "Avoid mood disorders; highly creative people have a lower than average incidence of them." b. "Severe mania is related to long periods of high creativity." c. "If you develop a mood disorder, don't get treated, or you'll lose your creative spark." d. "Mild mood disorders are related to greater creativity than severe disorders."
D
A person experiencing mania goes out with friends, looking for adventure. Additionally, the individual talks loudly, runs rather than walks, and has given away a lot of money to random people on the street. These symptoms are primarily: Select one: a. emotional and cognitive. b. physical and cognitive. c. motivational and behavioral. d. motivational and emotional.
D
According to DSM-5, someone who initiates sexual contact with children is: Select one: a. experiencing a paraphilia, but only if the person is also mentally ill. b. experiencing a paraphilia but only if the behavior causes the person significant distress. c. experiencing a paraphilia, but only if the behavior is illegal. d. experiencing a paraphilia regardless of how troubled the individual may be.
D
All the pleasure has gone out of life for Trevor. Things he used to find fun and exciting no longer give him any joy. He finds he wakes up early in the morning and has no appetite. This has been going on for several weeks. What type of major depression would he MOST likely be diagnosed with? Select one: a. seasonal b. catatonic c. recurrent d. melancholic
D
An older person retires and begins experiencing health problems. Consequently, the person loses contact with old friends and becomes unpleasant to be around. A behaviorist would explain the resulting depression in terms of: Select one: a. learned helplessness. b. object relations loss. c. sociocultural changes. d. loss of positive social rewards.
D
At least one hypomanic disorder in addition to a major depressive disorder indicates a diagnosis of ______ disorder. Select one: a. Bipolar I b. cyclothymic c. manic depressive d. Bipolar II
D
Curt becomes sexually excited when he stands at his window and exposes himself to the women living in the apartment directly across the courtyard of his apartment building. Curt's behavior may reflect ______ disorder. Select one: a. paraphilic b. voyeuristic c. fetishistic d. exhibitionistic
D
Heather just failed her sculpting class. From this failure Heather concludes it was her fault, she has no talent, and she will always do poorly in sculpting. What is Heather displaying? Select one: a. Heather has made an internal, specific, and unstable attribution about herself. b. Heather has made an internal, specific, and stable attribution about herself. c. Heather has made an external, global, and stable attribution about herself. d. Heather has made an internal, global, and stable attribution about herself.
D
Jamal is experiencing a major depressive episode that appears to have begun three weeks ago. He is miserable and suffers from at least five symptoms of depression. No unusually stressful events have occurred in the past year. Based on these data, the diagnosis would be: Select one: a. postpartum depression. b. reactive depression. c. exogenous depression. d. endogenous depression.
D
Lithium has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of ________ disorders. However, clients frequently refuse to take this drug because it ________. Select one: a. bipolar; decreases their sexual motivation b. depressive; decreases the length of depressive episodes but makes them more severe c. depressive; increases their appetite for food d. bipolar; reduces their positive feelings
D
Misusing diuretics and laxatives following a binge is a symptom of the ______ of bulimia nervosa. Select one: a. adolescent-type b. late-onset-type c. substance abuse-type d. purging-type
D
Neuroimaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography have provided evidence that problems in the __________ may contribute to the delusions experienced by those with schizophrenia. Select one: a. caudal tegmentum b. globus pallidus c. corpus callosum d. ventral striatum
D
Research finds that __________ stress, which involves problematic events that activate one's biological or psychological stress response system over an extended period of time, is related to an increased risk of major depressive disorder. Select one: a. nascent b. acute c. complicated d. chronic
D
Schizophrenia is an example of a(n) _____ disorder. Select one: a. anxiety b. mood c. personality d. psychotic
D
The ______ gene hypothesis proposes that our genetic makeup developed during times when food was difficult to find. Select one: a. adaptive b. frugal c. hungry d. thrifty
D
The first step in treating anorexia nervosa is to: Select one: a. correct family coping patterns. b. resolve unresolved oral conflicts. c. correct maladaptive thought patterns. d. help the person start to regain the lost weight.
D
The following are all examples of sociocultural causes of hypoactive sexual disorder EXCEPT: Select one: a. having a partner lacking in sexual skills. b. loss of a job. c. infertility problems. d. pain medication.
D
Transgender hormone therapy is ________. Select one: a. a discredited therapy that attempts to change an individual's sexual orientation b. experiencing emotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals c. designed to decrease the refractory period d. the use of hormones to make one's body look more like the opposite-sex
D
Which of the following is MOST at risk for an eating disorder? Select one: a. a college woman who is a nonathlete b. a woman lower on the socioeconomic scale c. an African American woman d. a gymnast
D
Which of the following risk percentage patterns would BEST support the influence of genetic factors in explaining bipolar disorder—(1) in the general population, (2) among close relatives of people with bipolar disorder, and (3) among identical twins of people with bipolar disorder? Select one: a. 10 percent, 10 percent, 10 percent b. 40 percent, 10 percent, 1 percent c. 40 percent, 40 percent, 40 percent d. 1 percent, 10 percent, 40 percent Clear my choice
D
Which phase of the sexual response cycle is correctly described? Select one: a. resolution-a short phase in which muscles continue to tense, breathing and heart rate increase, and blood fills in the genitals b. plateau-a gratifying series of rapid muscular contractions c. orgasm-the body returns to a relaxed state d. excitement-physical changes start becoming evident
D
Which theoretical orientation would support the finding that Westerners experience more psychological symptoms of depression than do others around the world? Select one: a. biochemical b. cognitive c. psychoanalytic d. sociocultural
D
______ is the act of watching unsuspecting others engage in nonpublic activities, such as undressing, having sexual relations, or engaging in other behaviors. Select one: a. Transvestism b. Frotteurism c. Fetishism d. Voyeurism
D
Studies reporting abnormalities in the basal ganglia of individuals with bipolar disorder provide the strongest support for which of the following causes of biopolar disorder? Select one: a. inappropriate neurotransmitter levels b. genetic linkage patterns c. brain structure d. ion activity at the cellular level
NOT A C
Compared to African Americans, white Americans are: Select one: a. substantially less likely to be diagnosed with depression, and about as likely to have recurrent episodes. b. substantially less likely to be diagnosed with depression, and less likely to have recurrent episodes. c. about as likely to be diagnosed with depression, and about as likely to have recurrent episodes. d. about as likely to be diagnosed with depression, but less likely to have recurrent episodes.
NOT B
Beliefs without support for their occurrence and which are at odds with the individual's current environment are referred to as delusions. Select one: True False
True