Psych 410 Chap 14

What is the 11th personality disorder called

"not otherwise specified"

Which of the following are reasonable treatment approaches, according to the research, for individuals with diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder? -Developing prosocial ways to satisfy needs -treating them as if they are untreatable -helping clients use cooperation rather than exploitation and manipulation -Prescribing antipsychotic medication -Using motivational interviewing

-Developing prosocial ways to satisfy needs -Helping clients use cooperation rather than exploitation and manipulation -Using motivational interviewing

Which of the following are features of schizotypal personality disorder? -Difficulty in establishing relationships -No clear motivation -Eccentric ideas and unusual beliefs -Self-focused ideas -Distortions in the person's sense of self

-Difficulty in establishing relationships -No clear motivation -Eccentric ideas and unusual beliefs -Distortions in the person's sense of self

Which of the following are characteristics of antisocial personality disorder? -Believing that someone is persecuting them -Anxiety in social situations -Egocentricity -Lack of judgement and failure to learn from experience -Impulsive behaviors -Absence of nervousness -Lack of shame or remorse

-Egocentricity -Lack of judgement and failure to learn from experience -Impulsive behaviors -Absence of nervousness -Lack of shame or remorse

Alice has been diagnosed with an antisocial personality disorder. Which of the following might be some of her symptoms? -Avoidance of social situations -Glibness and manipulativeness -Lack of remorse or regret -Failure to conform to social norms -Shyness and lack of social skills

-Glibness and manipulativeness -Lack of remorse or regret -Failure to conform to social norms

The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised scale was developed by .... -Bundy -Linehan -Hare -Cleckley

-Hare

Which of the following sets of criteria are used for personality disorder diagnoses in Section 3 of the DSM-5? -How a person expresses personality in terms of identity and self-direciton -How a person rates on specific personality traits -How personality is reflected in relation to others -Whether or not there is anything specified on Axis V

-How a person expresses personality in terms of identity and self-direciton -How a person rates on specific personality traits -How personality is reflected in relation to others

Which of the following represent the psychological perspective on the development of antisocial personality disorder? -Lack of emotional reactivity -Epigenetic influences -Neurotransmitter Deficits -Failure to learn from experience

-Lack of emotional reactivity -Failure to learn from experience

According to the biological perspective on the development of antisocial personality disorder, Which of the following neurotransmitters may be implicated? -Norepinephrine -Endorphins -Dopamine -Serotonin -GABA

-Norepinephrine -Dopamine -Serotonin

Which of the following are difficulties with the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic system for personality disorders that were retained in the DSM-5?

-Some researchers have said that the categorical diagnostic system is flawed -The distinctions among the disorders are not clear -It is difficult to empirically justify diagnoses

Which of the following are correct in regard to the prognosis for a person otha diagnosis of BPD?

-Symptoms usually improve over time -Interpersonal relationships remain problematic

Which of the following are features of a cognitive-behavioral approach to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder? -The ideal must be achieved -There are unrealistic ideas of perfection -Feelings of self-worth depend on perfection -Progress from an early psychosexual stage has not occurred

-The ideal must be achieved -There are unrealistic ideas of perfection -Feelings of self-worth depend on perfection

What are features of the cognitive-behavioral approach to treating a person with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder?

-Using graduated exposure -Teaching clients to articulate the automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes that interfere with establishing relationships

Which of the following are features of avoidant personality disorder? -Feeling socially inferior -becoming involved in the legal system -being overly sensitive to criticism -obsessively seeking intimate relationships -staying away from social encounters

-feeling socially inferior -being overly sensitive to criticism -staying away from social encounters

Which of the following are typical of a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder? -has high standards for self and others -is extremely perfectionistic -has disregard for social norms -has difficulty understanding how others feel

-has high standards for self and others -is extremely perfectionist -has difficulty understanding how others feel

Which of the following are features of the diagnosis of dependent personality disorder? -passivity and agreeing with others -splitting and vague sense of self -odd and eccentric beliefs -clinging behaviors

-passivity and agreeing with others -clinging behaviors

Which of the following are features of the psychodynamic approach to narcissistic personality disorder? -persons with this diagnosis develop a false self -someone with this diagnosis persistently avoids social interaction -A person with this diagnosis engages in splitting -This disorder is a failure to progress in a psychosexual stage.

-persons with this diagnosis develop a false sense of self -this disorder is a failure to progress in a psychosexual stage

Dr. Allison is a cognitive-behavioral therapist treating Anna for avoidant personality disorder. Which of the following treatment techniques would Dr. Allison be most likely to use? -relationship training -skills training -psychoanalysis -graduated exposure

-relationship training -skills training -graduated exposure

Which of the following are general principles that lead to therapeutic success in the treatment of OCPD? -thought stopping -free association -psychoanalysis -thinking about thinking

-thought stopping -thinking about thinking

A diagnosis of borderline personality disorder involves which of the following behaviors? -insisting on order and cleanliness -avoiding social situations -unstable and intense relationships -chronic feelings of emptiness -difficulty controlling anger

-unstable and intense relationships -chronic feelings of emptiness -difficulty controlling anger

Which of the following features would a cognitive-behaviorist endorse in regard to narcissistic personality disorder? -failure to attain an integrated sense of self -difficulty at an early psychosexual stage of development -unworkable beliefs -maladaptive ideas

-unworkable beliefs -maladaptive ideas

Specific traits in Factor 1, or psychopathy

1. lack of remorse or shame for harmful acts committed to others 2. poor judgement and failure toelarn from experience 3. extreme egocentricity and incapacity for love 4. lack of emotional responsiveness to others 5. impulsivity 6. absence of "nervousness" 7. a combination of unreliability, untruthfulness, and insincerity

How many diagnoses are there in the DSM-5

10

How many clusters are the diagnoses divided into?

3

Schizoid Personality Disorder

An indifference to social and sexual relationships and a limited range of emotional experience and expression. Individuals with this disorder prefer to be by themselves rather than with others, and they appear to lack any desire for acceptance or love, even by their families. Sexual involvement with others holds little appeal

What does Cluster B include?

Anti-social, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders (share overdramatic, emotional, and erratic or unpredictable attitudes and behaviors

How many areas of the 4 must a person fit to be diagnosed?

At least 2

Cleo has been diagnosed with dependent personality disorder because she needs to have her husband provide constant advice and direction. To which cluster does dependent personality disorder belong?

Cluster C

Schizotypal personality disorder

Confusions and distortions in the individual's basic sense of self, lack a clear sense of direction or motivation and do not have a clear set of standards against which to measure their behavior. -have difficulty understanding their own self and motivation, and understanding the motivations and behaviors of others -associate the confusion that they feel about themselves wand others with a lack of trust, causing them difficulty in establishing close relationships

____________ behavior therapy (DBT) was developed by Marsha Linehan for use with people diagnosed with BPD

Dialectical

Personality disorders are highly morbid with what?

Drug dependence

paranoid personality disorder

Extremely suspicious of theres and are always on guard against potential danger or harm. Their view of the world is narrowly focused, in that they seek to confirm their expectations that others will take advantage of them, making it virtually impossible for them to trust even their friends and associates

T/F People with antisocial personality disorders seem to become more likely to commit criminal acts of the course of their adult years.

F

Carmella always wants to be the center of attention and has a variety of exhibitionistic and theatrical personality traits. She has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Which of the following is most likely? -Avoidant personality disorder -Borderline personality disorder -Schizoid personality disorder -Histrionic personality disorder

Histrionic personality disorder

What is the 11th personality disorder reserved for?

It is reserved for individuals who do not clearly meet one of the other 10 diagnostic criteria

Which of the following is the theoretical assumption that a psychodynamic theorist would make with regard to avoidant personality disorder?

It is the result of a person's fear of attachment in relationships

In the DSM-IV-TR, there was a category of diagnosis known as a histrionic personality disorder. How is this category treated in DSM-5?

It is unchanged.

Adam believes he is exceptional, should be treated as special, and is entitled to a promotion at work. He spends a considerable amount of time creating the right impression with people. His boss is getting a little tired of Adam's attempts to gain his approval and the approval of his coworkers. Adam saw a clinitican several weeks ago and was diagnosed with a personal disorder. Which one? -Antisocial personality disorder -Dependent personality disorder -Narcissistic personality disorder -Borderline personality disorder

Narcissistic personality disorder

Clarice is an accountant and has recently been diagnosed with a personality disorder. She is perfectionist, work-focused to th exclusion of social relationships, and has strong opinions of right and wrong. Which of th following personality disorders best fit Clarice? -schizotypal -obsessive-compulsive -paranoid and histrionic -borderline

Obsessive-compulsive

According to the DSM-5, behavior patterns must fit in at least two of four areas (cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, and impulse Control) in order to meet the diagnostic criteria for a(n) ___________ ___________.

Personality disorder

Individuals who are high on the trait of psychopathy are unable to pay enough attention to secondary cues to switch their attention when necessary. This is known as the ........

Response Modulation Hypothesis

A person with ________ personality disorder might prefer to work in an isolated situation away from others.

Schizoid

What is the crucial task that the client with a diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder has in therapy?

The client must learn to trust the therapist and not see him or her as yet another rejecting person

Harvey Cleckley criteria for psychopathy

a cluster of traits that formed so-caled "Factor 1" of the personality of individuals with antisocial personality disorder. To these must be added the antisocial lifestyle that we will get to shortly

obsessive-compulsive disorder

a disorder in which there are intrusive thoughts and then actions that neutralize them

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

a disorder that involves rigidly obsessive concern with perfectionism

The term borderline in this personality disorder comes from the 1930's when clinicians thought that __________________

a person with this diagnosis was somewhere between neurotic and psychotic psychopathology

One specific of borderline personality disorder according to a psychological perspective is that there is ___________.

an inability to regulate emotion

A person with a diagnosis of ________ personality disorder represents a deeply entrenched pattern of behavior with wide-ranging effects on both the individual and the people with whom the individual comes into contact

antisocial

antisocial personality disorder

applies to individuals who act in a highly impulsive ways and lack a sense of morality, empathy for others, and the ability to feel regret when they've caused harm to others

Shelley's roommate wonders why she never accepts any social invitations. The roommate has also noticed that Shelley is sensitive to rejection and often interprets innocent remarks as ridicule. The roommate knows Shelley has recently seen a psychologist and been diagnosed with..........

avoidant personality disorder

The main goals of therapists working in the cognitive-behavioral framework with a person with a diagnosis of ________ _________ _________ is to alter person's inability to establish relationships with others.

avoidant personality disorder

What does Cluster C include?

avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders (share anxious and fearful behaviors)

How are clusters divided?

by shared characteristics

One major flaw of the ________ rating system for personality disorders retained win the DSM-5 is that it does not allow for the possibility of a client's "somewhat" antisocial or narcissistic behavior.

categorical

What are the 4 areas used to diagnose personalty disorders?

cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, and impulsive control

Professor You explains to her Abnormal Psychology class that a person with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder has unrealistic expectations about being perfect and avoiding mistakes. This is a __________ perspective.

cognitive-behavioral

Some researchers believe that one thing that social anxiety disorder and avoidant personality disorder have in common is self-..............

criticism

In the alternative personality disorder diagnostic system defined in Section 3 of the DSM-5, the number of personality disorder categories has been increased or decreased?

decreased

A person with a diagnosis of ______ personality disorder tends to be clinging and passive and must rely on others to make decisions.

dependent

Personality disorders are highly comorbid with __________.

drug dependence

Preservation refers to ...

going over and over something a person has done

Abby's therapist and abby have developed a hierarchy of social sitautaios that range form not very threatening to very threatening. the therapist's strategy is to start with the least threating and work up to assist abby in not being so sensitive to rejection, to improve Abby's sense of unworthiness, and to assist her in having more relationships with others. This is a description of using _____ _______ to treat Abby's diagnosis of avoidant personality disorder.

graduated exposure

The _________ hypothesis suggests that older people are better able to manage their high-risk tendencies.

maturation

A person with a diagnosis of _____________ personality disorder may be extremely suspicious of others and always on guard against potential danger or harm

paranoid

What does Cluster A include?

paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders (featuring odd and eccentric behavior)

The term ________ describes suicidal gestures that are frequently made by a person with a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder.

parasuicide

According to a biological perspective on borderline personality disorder, there may be abnormalities in the __________ cortex, the area of the brain involved in emotional regulation.

prefrontal

Professor Taylor explains his Abnormal Psychology class that a person with a diagnosis of obsessessive-compulsive personality disorder has not progressed from or is constantly returning to the anal stage of psychosexual development. This is a ___________ perspective.

psychodynamic

Marie has a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. When she first saw her therapist, she immediately liked her, talked about her to to everyone, and could not wait for her next session. When the therapist advised her that she would be relocating and it would be necessary to transfer her to a different therapist, Marie flew into a rage and told the therapist that she hated her and hoped she died. This is an example of ......

splitting