Psych AP Classroom Questions Part 2

In a normal distribution of test scores, the percentage of scores that fall at or below the mean score is

50

According to the Stanford-Binet formula for an intelligence quotient (IQ), the IQ of a ten-year-old child with a mental age of eight and a half years is

85

Which of the following concepts provides the best explanation for why people seek to put on warmer clothing when they start to feel cold?

homeostasis

Which of the following types of validity is established by demonstrating that there is a correlation between scores on a test and later academic performance?

predictive

The rationale underlying the use of projective personality tests, such as the Rorschach Test and the Thematic Apperception Test is that they

reveal the subjects' personalities by eliciting responses to vague ambiguous stimuli

Which of the following is the most appropriate criterion for evaluating the predictive validity of an intelligence test?

school grades

On individual intelligence tests such as the Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales an IQ of 100 indicates that the test taker

scored at the average level for test takers of the same age

A student's test score of 86 is at the 42nd percentile. This means that this student has

scored the same as or higher than 42 percent of her fellow students

The rules of grammar are rules of

syntax

Which of the following concepts refers to the structure and organization of a sentence?

syntax

Noam Chomsky's view of language proposes that

there is an inherent language acquisition device

Projective tests, such as the Rorschach inkblot test, have been justifiably criticized as tools for assessing personality because

they have not been found to be reliable and valid

Metacognition refers to

thinking about thinking

Which of the following is an example of metacognition?

Knowing the effectiveness of different strategies for learning statistical formulas

Psychologist who emphasizes the importance of personality traits are most often criticized for

underestimating the variability of behavior form situation to situation

One of the consistent research findings in the area of facial expressions and emotion is the

universality of facial expressions across cultures

Which of the following represent respectively superordinate and subordinate categories for the basic level category of automobile?

vehicle convertible

The defense mechanism of reaction formation is best exemplified in which of the following situations?

a woman who is unaware of her anger toward her friend expresses affection for that friend

Which of the following types of test is designed to measure an individual's knowledge of a subject?

achievement

Which of the following are the stages in Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

alarm resistance exhaustion

Processing every possible combination of the letters DBRI to arrive at the word BIRD is an example of the use of

algorithm

Which of the following types of intelligence would be most important in answering trivia questions?

crystallized

A teenager would most probably draw on which of the following to recall her tenth birthday party?

episodic memory

Which of the following best supports the hypothesis that basic human emotions, such as sadness, are innate?

Basic emotions are understood and expressed in a similar fashion by individuals from diverse cultures.

Which of the following methods is used in studies designed to determine the primary components of intelligence?

Factor analysis

According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following statements is true?

Physiological needs must be met before and individual achieves self-actualization

A stubborn individual who accuses peers of being uncooperative is exhibiting which of the following defense mechanisms?

Projection

when rehearsal of incoming info is prevented, which of the following will most likely occur?

There will be no transfer of the information to long-term memory

Individuals exhibiting a hostile type A personality pattern are at an increased risk for

cardiovascular disease

Which of the following situations poses an approach-approach conflict for a person who listens to only classical music?

choosing to study with one of two friends both of whom listen to classical music while studying

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory is used primarily to provide info about which of the following?

clinical disorders

Stanley Schachter and JErome Singer view emotion as resulting from

cognitive labels of physiological changes

A normally functioning 65-year-old who cannot solve abstract logic puzzles as quickly as he did when he was younger is experiencing a

decrease in his fluid intelligence

All of the following are reasons for requiring clearly specified procedures for the administration and scoring of assessment measures such as standardized tests except to

decrease the amount of time needed to administer the test

When parents refuse to accept several psychologists diagnosis of a child's mental illness they are using which of the following defense mechanisms?

denial

According to Benjamin Whorf's linguistic relativity hypothesis, which of the following is true?

different languages predispose those individuals who speak them to think about the world in diff ways

A teacher asks students to think of as many uses for a brick as possible. By listing 50 uses, most of which the class finds new and unusual, Susan is displaying

divergent thinking

Montgomery prepares his resume carelessly and arrives late for his job interview. He is rejected by the prospective employer. Montgomery concludes that "It's all a matter of dumb luck, anyway." Montgomery's judgment of his situation most clearly reflects

external locus of control

The overjustification effect has led some psychologists to question the value of

extrinsic motivation

The view that human emotions are universal has been supported by studies of

facial expressions

When a list of words is learned in order, the words most likely to be forgotten are those that are

in the middle of the list

When participants in dichotic listening experiments are repeating aloud a message presented in one ear, they are most likely to notice information on the unattended channel if that channel

mentions the participant's name

Research has shown that the optimal arousal level of an individual performing a given task is

related to task difficulty

The correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test yields info about the test's

reliability

The linguistic relativity hypothesis of Benjamin Whorf suggests which of the following?

speakers of diff languages think diff due to the diff in their languages

The performance of the group on which an IQ test is standardized sets

the norms against which the performance of later test takers can be evaluated

A person assembling a tool one week after reading the instructions can remember the first and last steps of the procedure but not the middle ones. This best illustrates which of the following?

the serial position effect