Psych ap classroom test 2
The function of dendrites is to
receive information from other neurons
Which of the following is the correct sequence of the neural chain of events set in motion by an environmental stimulus?
Receptors, afferent neurons, interneurons, efferent neurons, effectors
Which of the following correctly describes the firing of neurons?
An all-or-none response
A common psychological effect of alcohol intake is
Reduced Inhibition
Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?
Reticular formation
If an individual has lost the ability to feel pain in the left arm, there is most likely damage to what area of the brain?
Right parietal lobe
What is the primary function of the brain region indicated by the arrow?
Sleeping, waking, and dreaming
In right-handed individuals, which of the following abilities is predominantly a function of the right hemisphere of the brain?
Spatial reasoning
Treating a patient for Parkinson's disease includes administering a chemical that will lead to increases in the patient's
dopamine
A statistical technique that would allow a researcher to cluster such traits as being talkative, social, and adventurous with extroversion is called
factor analysis
A child's sex is genetically determined by the
father
Stimulation of portions of the left temporal lobe of the brain during surgery will cause the patient to
hear sounds
The brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the
hippocampus
The hypothesis that intelligence is in part inherited is best supported by the fact that the IQ correlation for
pairs of identical twins is greater than for pairs of fraternal twins
Joseph has blue eyes and brown hair and is tall. These characteristics are best described as
phenotypic traits
Joseph has blue eyes and brown hair and is tall. These characteristics are best described asJoseph has blue eyes and brown hair and is tall. These characteristics are best described as
phenotypic traits
The brain's ability to adapt after it is damaged is known as
plasticity
Metabolic activity in different areas of the brain can best be visualized by means of
positron emission tomography (PET)
Assume that R represents a dominant gene in rats for normal running and that r represent a recessive gene in rats for an abnormal gait called waltzing. Mating a female Rr rat with a male RR rat will produce offspring that are
100% runners
10, 3, 5, 7, 10, 3, 10, 5, 2 The numbers above represent the quiz results for a psychology class. What is the median score for the class?
5
Exam Scores 8 6 5 10 5 7 1 5 10 A student who scored at the mode would have how many points?
5
3 4 5 5 7 7 7 8 8 10 Ten participants in a treatment group were asked to rate their feelings of self worth on a scale of one to ten, with a value of ten indicating a very positive feeling of self-worth. The data for the participants are above. What is the mean for these data?
6.4
3 4 5 5 7 7 7 8 8 10 Ten participants in a treatment group were asked to rate their feelings of self worth on a scale of one to ten, with a value of ten indicating a very positive feeling of self-worth. The data for the participants are above. What is the mode for these data?
7
A test has a mean of 80 with a standard deviation of 4. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean?
77
Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?
A decrease in heart rate
Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?
A loss of motor coordination
Which scenario best exemplifies Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection?
A mutation in a species of lizards that allows them to better blend into their surroundings leads to greater survival and more offspring possessing this mutation in a later generation.
Which of the following is classified as an antagonist?
A tricyclic antidepressant, because they block serotonin and norepinephrine transporters.
Electrically stimulating a rat's amygdala would most likely produce which of the following?
Aggression
A certain drug reduces the activity of the central nervous system, including the hippocampus and cerebellum. It affects several neurotransmitters, most notably gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Which of the following is most like the drug in question ?A certain drug reduces the activity of the central nervous system, including the hippocampus and cerebellum. It affects several neurotransmitters, most notably gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Which of the following is most like the drug in question ?
Alcohol
Damage to which of the following brain structures may cause the inability to detect the emotional significance of facial expressions, especially those demonstrating fear?
Amygdala
Which of the following brain structures is most associated with the emotion of fear?
Amygdala
Areas that have a large prevalence of malaria, such as Africa, have a high frequency of children who have sickle cell anemia or are carriers of the trait. What role does the concept of natural selection play in this trend?Areas that have a large prevalence of malaria, such as Africa, have a high frequency of children who have sickle cell anemia or are carriers of the trait. What role does the concept of natural selection play in this trend?
Being a carrier of, or having sickle cell anemia is adaptive in this region, because it protects against malaria. Subsequently, children born with sickle cell anemia are less likely to die from malaria. C
Brain damage that leaves a person capable of understanding speech but with an impaired ability to produce speech most likely indicates injury to which of the following?
Broca's area
During the high-wire act, Grace walks along a rope suspended 30 feet above the circus floor. Which of the following is most involved in helping Grace coordinate her movements and maintain her balance during the performance?
Cerebellum
Which of the following allows the examination of living brain tissue visually without performing surgery?
Computerized axial tomography
A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?
Difficulty with speech production
Which of the follow scenarios is the best example of natural selection?
During a drought, the foliage in a region turns brown. More brownish moths than whitish moths from a particular breed survive predation and produce more offspring. Subsequent generations of moths have a higher percentage of brownish moths than the generation before.
Most glands in the human body are a part of which system?
Endocrine
For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the
For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the
Which of the following brain structures has the strongest influence on hunger and satiety?
Hypothalamus
Which of the following structures is most closely associated with communication between the central nervous system and the endocrine system?
Hypothalamus
After an electrode implanted in a cat's brain stimulates the cat's amygdala, the cat will most likely do which of the following?
Immediately withdraw in fear
The nature-nurture issue is best exemplified by which of the following questions?
Is level of intelligence the result of one's environment and specific learning, or is it a result of biological maturation?
Which of the following is true about the pons?
It is the region of the brain that is most closely associated with sleep and arousal.
Which of the following is true of the reticular activating system?
It regulates levels of arousal.
According to the ethical guidelines set by the American Psychological Association (APA), which of the following is true of psychological research in which animals are used as subjects?
It should conform to all APA ethical guidelines for animal research.
Which of the following is brain-imaging technique that produces the most detailed picture of brain structure?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
The person most strongly associated with identifying deficits in the motor speech area and in the ability to produce speech is
Paul Broca
James was born with a condition that makes it impossible for him to metabolize certain proteins. Due to early screening and a special diet, he was able to avoid developing potentially serious symptoms. Which of the following disorders does James have?James was born with a condition that makes it impossible for him to metabolize certain proteins. Due to early screening and a special diet, he was able to avoid developing potentially serious symptoms. Which of the following disorders does James have?
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
In which of the following techniques do researchers inject a harmless, radioactive substance into the living human brain to examine activity?
Positron-emission tomography (PET)
A test with normally distributed results was returned to a class of 100 students. Later, the teacher realized an error was made and added 10 points to each student's score. Which of the following must have changed as a result of the increase in scores?
The mode
Which of the following occurs when a neuron is stimulated to its threshold?
The movements of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane creates an action potential.
Which of the following biological systems is most likely responsible for an increase in heart rate while experiencing anxiety?
The sympathetic nervous system
A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?
Wernicke's area
After sustaining a traumatic injury, Russ is having difficulty comprehending the meaning of words. Which of the following parts of his brain has most likely been damaged?
Wernicke's area
The part of the neuron that is responsible for receiving signals from other neurons is called
a dendrite
A person accidentally touches a hand to a hot stove and quickly pulls the hand away, even before sensory information about the hot stove reaches the brain. The person's reaction is most directly enabled by
a spinal reflex
Reuptake of a neurotransmitter refers to
absorption of the neurotransmitter into the terminal buttons of the sending neuron
Information is relayed to the spinal cord or the brain by
afferent neurons
An individual was admitted to the hospital after experiencing a mild tingling on the right side ofthe face and a sudden inability to speak. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a doctor would likely find
an abnormality in the brain tissue of the left hemisphere
A drug that has the effect of intensifying or mimicking a particular neurotransmitter can be characterized as
an agonist, because it intensifies the effects of a particular neurotransmitter
Activation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system results in
an increase in respiratory rate
Curare blocks action at acetylcholine synapses and causes paralysis. This drug is an example of an
antagonist
A polygraph machine is often called a "lie detector," although it does not detect lies. Instead, it responds to changes in
autonomic arousal
In the figure above, where do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have their initial effect?
c
Difficulty in typing smoothly on a keyboard would most likely result from damage to the
cerebellum
An individual with damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to have difficulty
comprehending a spoken request for information
The autonomic nervous system is most directly involved in
digesting food
In the figure above, where does the neurotransmitter dopamine have its effect?
e; in this picture it is in middle of e and f and is orange
During a psychology experiment, a researcher uses a probe to lesion the ventromedial nucleus of a rat's hypothalamus. After the procedure the rat most likely will
eat more and gain weight
A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called
electroencephalography (EEG)
The limbic system is most closely associated with
emotions
The part of the endocrine system that is responsible for overseeing and regulating the release of hormones across the entire body is the
hypothalamus
Brain lateralization refers to the
inclination for certain cognitive processes to be specialized to one hemisphere of the brain or the other
The primary effect of the myelin sheath is to
increase the velocity of conduction of the action potential along the axon
is level of intelligence the result of one's environment and specific learning, or is it a result of biological maturation?
is level of intelligence the result of one's environment and specific learning, or is it a result of biological maturation?
For most people, speech functions are primarily localized in the
left cerebral hemisphere
The network of structures involved in emotion, motivation, and memory is the
limbic system
Which of the following areas of the body has the largest number of sensory neurons?
lips
People who have experienced severe damage to the frontal lobe of the brain seldom regain their ability to
make and carry out plans
The area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the
medulla
The result of the evolutionary process that preserves traits that enhance the adaptation of an organism and suppresses traits that do not is called
natural Selection
Dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine are all
neurotransmitters that excite or inhibit a neural signal across a synapse
The process by which neurotransmitters are reabsorbed into the neuron after it fires is called
reuptake
A research psychologist generalizes from a particular sample to an entire population. This is an example of
statistical inference
Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. As he went around a curve, he noticed a bear walking toward him. Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of the
sympathetic nervous system
Which of the following are NOT part of a neuron?
synapses
Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as
the absolute refractory phase
The sequence of shifts in the electrical charge of a neuron is called
the action potential
A teacher finds the distribution of scores on a final exam to be positively skewed with low variability. On the basis of this information, the teacher would be most justified in concluding that
the exam was too difficult
During neuronal firing, the part of the neuron that acts as an insulator and conductor to speed the electrical impulse as it travels down the axon is
the myelin sheath
Abnormalities in calcium regulation are most likely to arise from problems with
the parathyroid gland
The time shortly after a neuron fires is referred to as
the refractory period
neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?
the terminal buttons
Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a
visual deficit
