psych ch 14-15

A mental health professional with a PsyD degree is a: Question 2 options: 1) psychiatrist. 2) counselor. 3) psychologist. 4) a psychologist or a psychiatrist.

psychologist.

Dr. Williams received her Ph.D.in clinical psychology. Dr. Williams is a: Question 3 options: 1) counselor. 2) psychologist. 3) social worker. 4) psychiatrist.

psychologist.

Which characteristic is NOT a common symptom of GAD? Question 5 options: 1) muscle tension 2) psychosis 3) sleep problems 4) concentration problems

psychosis

The diathesis-stress model explains disease as the result of: Question 4 options: 1) a predisposition for a disease as a result of a diagnosis. 2) a predisposition for a disease initiated by a triggering event. 3) a predisposition for a triggering event such as stress. 4) a predisposition for a triggering event as a result of heritability.

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Suicide is the _____ leading cause of death in the United States among high school and college students. Question 8 options: 1) 5th 2) 7th 3) 2nd 4) 3rd

2nd

During their lifetimes, approximately _____ percent of Americans will experience some type of mental disorder. Question 6 options: 1) 30 2) 50 3) 10 4) 20

50

Bob belongs to a self-help support group. Religion and spirituality are important themes in the process of healing, along with the need for a sponsor and making amends for harm to others. To which group does Bob likely belong? Question 9 options: 1) Al-Anon 2) a cancer support group 3) a divorce care group 4) Alcoholics Anonymous

Alcoholics Anonymous

_____ therapy focuses only on the client's behavior and the situation, whereas _____ therapy focuses on helping a client identify and correct distorted thinking. Question 7 options: 1) Socio-behavior; rational psychodynamic 2) Gestalt; cognitive 3) Behavior; cognitive 4) Behavior; aversion

Behavior; cognitive

All the following are examples of self-help groups EXCEPT: Question 6 options: 1) Alcoholics Anonymous. 2) Al-Anon. 3) Big Brothers/Big Sisters. 4) Gamblers Anonymous.

Big Brothers/Big Sisters.

Research has shown that in the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders: Question 5 options: 1) psychotherapy is more effective than medication. 2) medication is more effective than psychotherapy. 3) CBT is equally effective as medication. 4) psychotherapy and medication together are better than either one alone.

CBT is equally effective as medication.

_____ developed person-centered therapy. Question 10 options: 1) Carl Rogers 2) Frederick Perls 3) Aaron Beck 4) Melanie Klein

Carl Rogers

_____ is NOT one of the three clusters of DSM-5 personality disorders. Question 10 options: 1) Odd/eccentric 2) Anxious/inhibited 3) Histrionic/depressive 4) Dramatic/erratic

Histrionic/depressive

Which statement about social phobia is FALSE? Question 8 options: 1) It is more common in children than adults. 2) It is more common in women than men. 3) It is an irrational fear of being publicly embarrassed. 4) It is an irrational fear of being publicly humiliated.

It is more common in children than adults.

_____ refers to the fact that symptoms sometimes improve during treatment simply because clients often wait until symptoms are at their worst before seeking treatment; when you're at the bottom, there is no place to go but up. Question 5 options: 1) A placebo effect 2) Natural improvement 3) A nonspecific treatment effect 4) An error in reconstructive memory

Natural improvement

Which of these is NOT a mood disorder? Question 6 options: 1) OCD 2) depression 3) bipolar disorder 4) SAD

OCD

_____ disorders are defined as deeply ingrained, inflexible patterns of thinking, feeling, or relating to others that cause distress or impaired functioning. Question 4 options: 1) Anxiety 2) Dissociative 3) Personality 4) Mood

Personality

Mike lives in Alaska and experiences a period of depression each winter. Mike probably has: Question 2 options: 1) dysthymia. 2) unipolar depression. 3) bipolar disorder. 4) SAD.

SAD.

_____ occurs when an analyst begins to assume a major significance in a client's life and the client reacts to the analyst on the basis of unconscious childhood fantasies. Question 3 options: 1) Projection 2) Resistance 3) Transference 4) Regression

Transference

Psychodynamic approaches to therapy emphasize _____; humanistic and existential approaches emphasize _____. Question 7 options: 1) psychosexual urges; learned behavior 2) unconscious drives; the effect of the past on current feelings 3) the id and superego; the ego 4) a negative view of human nature; a positive view

a negative view of human nature; a positive view

Michelle has a warm relationship with her psychoanalyst. Over the last few years, her depression has lessened considerably. Both Michelle and her analyst attribute her improvement to the insight she has gained into her unconscious as a result of therapy. In actuality, however, her improvement is due to having an understanding person with whom to talk. Michelle's improvement illustrates: Question 2 options: 1) a nonspecific treatment effect. 2) a process effect. 3) natural improvement. 4) an error in reconstructive memory.

a nonspecific treatment effect.

Which of these is a delusion? Question 7 options: 1) a person watching UFOs fly overhead each night 2) a person hearing the devil talking inside his head 3) a person believing that the CIA has implanted a microchip in his brain 4) a person reporting that she smells like feces even though she is clean

a person believing that the CIA has implanted a microchip in his brain

Diathesis can be defined as: Question 9 options: 1) a predisposition for a disease. 2) the heritability of a disease. 3) a disease. 4) a triggering event such as stress.

a predisposition for a disease.

John cannot go to the bathroom in a public restroom. He fears that someone will hear him or see him going to the bathroom, which he would find embarrassing. John could be diagnosed with: Question 5 options: 1) obsessive-compulsive disorder. 2) a specific phobia. 3) generalized anxiety disorder. 4) a social phobia.

a social phobia.

Family therapy is often utilized when: Question 1 options: 1) the parents are divorced. 2) all members of the family are adults. 3) a parent is suffering from a psychological disorder. 4) adolescent children are involved.

adolescent children are involved.

Due to the unexpected nature of panic attacks, some people develop a fear of public places; they are afraid that they will have a panic attack and help will not be available. The fear of public places is which disorder? Question 1 options: 1) acrophobia 2) claustrophobia 3) social phobia 4) agoraphobia

agoraphobia

Which therapy assumes that disordered behavior is learned and that relief of symptoms is achieved through changing overt maladaptive behaviors into more constructive behaviors? Question 7 options: 1) humanistic 2) conditioning 3) classical 4) behavior

behavior

The idea of focusing treatment on the client's behavior instead of the client's unconscious was inspired by: Question 4 options: 1) existentialism. 2) functionalism. 3) behaviorism. 4) humanism.

behaviorism.

Schizophrenic hallucinations can include all of these EXCEPT: Question 4 options: 1) believing that you are Napoleon. 2) hearing voices that no one else can hear. 3) seeing things that are not there. 4) feeling as if you're being touched when no one is there.

believing that you are Napoleon.

Which of these is NOT an anxiety disorder? Question 1 options: 1) generalized anxiety disorder 2) phobic disorder 3) bipolar disorder 4) panic disorder

bipolar disorder

In couples therapy, treatment strategies target changes in: Question 7 options: 1) the party with a diagnosed psychological disorder. 2) the party suffering distress from the relationship. 3) both parties. 4) the party causing the relationship conflict.

both parties.

Shirin sits for hours with her head in her hands and doesn't move a muscle. When a nurse tries to pull her head up, she resists. Her disorder has been diagnosed as schizophrenia; her behavior suggests that the type is: Question 7 options: 1) paranoid. 2) undifferentiated. 3) disorganized. 4) catatonic.

catatonic

Ellen was kicked by a horse as a child. She now has a severe fear of horses. Even pictures of horses can make her sweat and feel anxious. Ellen's behavior demonstrates _____ conditioning. Question 1 options: 1) classical 2) observational learning 3) instrumental learning 4) operant

classical

Which therapy focuses on understanding and changing the client's meaning, assumptions, and beliefs about events? Question 2 options: 1) cognitive 2) behavior 3) humanistic 4) psychodynamic

cognitive

Most therapists working with anxiety and depression use: Question 5 options: 1) behavior therapy. 2) interpersonal psychotherapy. 3) cognitive behavioral therapy. 4) cognitive therapy.

cognitive behavioral therapy.

Kaylie has been diagnosed with both social phobia and depression. Kaylie's case exemplifies: Question 1 options: 1) comorbidity. 2) dissociative disorders. 3) a global assessment of functioning. 4) the diathesis-stress model.

comorbidity.

What is the condition in which a child or adolescent engages in a persistent pattern of deviant behavior involving aggression to people or animals, destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, or serious rule violations? Question 9 options: 1) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder 2) autism spectrum disorder 3) schizophrenia 4) conduct disorder

conduct disorder

A patently false belief system, often bizarre and grandiose, that is maintained despite its irrationality is termed a: Question 3 options: 1) hallucination. 2) stupor. 3) delusion. 4) paranoia.

delusion.

A primary goal of psychodynamic therapy is to have the client: Question 9 options: 1) develop a close relationship with the therapist. 2) project his or her feelings for the therapist onto the parent of the opposite sex. 3) develop insight into unconscious memories, impulses, and conflicts. 4) remember repressed sexual experiences.

develop insight into unconscious memories, impulses, and conflicts.

In group therapy, the therapist typically takes the role of: Question 3 options: 1) a peer group member. 2) personal therapist to whomever is talking. 3) discussion leader. 4) a silent observer.

discussion leader.

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a panic attack? Question 10 options: 1) disorganized speech 2) depersonalization 3) derealization 4) shortness of breath

disorganized speech

Dr. Martin uses systematic desensitization to help persons overcome phobias, cognitive restructuring to help alleviate the symptoms of depression, and free association to help people gain insight into their unconscious. Dr. Martin takes a(n) _____ approach to psychotherapy. Question 5 options: 1) eclectic 2) psychodynamic 3) behavioral 4) cognitive

eclectic

When 1000 members of the American Psychological Association Division of Psychotherapy were asked to describe their main theoretical orientation, the most common response was: Question 1 options: 1) eclectic psychotherapy. 2) cognitive therapy. 3) psychodynamic therapy. 4) humanistic therapy.

eclectic psychotherapy.

Claustrophobia is the fear of: Question 2 options: 1) bridges. 2) public places. 3) enclosed spaces. 4) heights.

enclosed spaces.

Jean-Luc has a fear of the dentist. He is taken to the dentist's office every week for a month. Each time, he stays a bit longer and realizes that it is not such a scary place. Jean-Luc's therapist is using which behavior therapy? Question 1 options: 1) exposure 2) operant 3) aversion 4) interpersonal

exposure

Lindsay has obsessions about contamination and washes her hands hundreds of times per day. During therapy, Lindsay is asked to get her hands dirty on purpose and then leave them dirty for several hours. This is an example of: Question 1 options: 1) systematic desensitization. 2) negative reinforcement. 3) the use of punishment to reduce the undesirable behavior of hand washing. 4) exposure therapy with response prevention.

exposure therapy with response prevention.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is currently in its _____ edition. Question 2 options: 1) fifth 2) fourth 3) sixth 4) third

fifth

Talking about anything and everything that comes into your mind is an example of: Question 2 options: 1) free association. 2) introspection. 3) interpretation. 4) analysis of resistance.

free association.

Pat finds herself worrying about most things in her life, from whether her children are safe drivers to making the right decision on refinancing her home, what to fix for dinner, and whether her husband is faithful. Pat's worrying has begun to interfere with her sleep. Pat MOST likely has: Question 5 options: 1) panic disorder. 2) dysthymia. 3) generalized anxiety disorder. 4) obsessive-compulsive disorder.

generalized anxiety disorder.

Eddie often masturbates and defecates in public. Eddie is exhibiting: Question 10 options: 1) grossly disorganized behavior. 2) delusional behavior. 3) catatonic behavior. 4) negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

grossly disorganized behavior.

A false perceptual experience that has a compelling sense of being real despite the absence of external stimulation is termed a: Question 4 options: 1) delusion. 2) hypnogogic state. 3) catatonic experience. 4) hallucination.

hallucination.

Marian reports seeing vampires outside her house every evening; no one else has reported vampires or anything else in the area. Marian has not been under the influence of any substances when she has made these sightings. Marion is experiencing: Question 7 options: 1) hallucinations. 2) delusions. 3) grossly disorganized behavior. 4) a stupor.

hallucinations.

Adam had always been the problem child of the family, getting in trouble for skipping school and routinely disobeying his parents and their rules for him. His parents arranged a family therapy session, and Adam was surprised to hear the therapist say that: Question 8 options: 1) his parents were to blame for his obedience problems. 2) he was not the sole problem but instead that the family system was broken. 3) he was the source of the breakdown in the family dynamics. 4) it would be best if Adam left the room so that the rest of the family could speak frankly about him.

he was not the sole problem but instead that the family system was broken.

Schizophrenic hallucinations most often involve the sense of: Question 9 options: 1) touch. 2) hearing. 3) sight. 4) smell.

hearing.

Drew thinks she is fat and unattractive, that she will never change, and therefore that she will always be single. Drew is demonstrating the _____ theory. Question 6 options: 1) social learning 2) psychodynamic 3) diathesis-stress 4) helplessness

helplessness

All of these are symptoms of bipolar disorder, manic phase, EXCEPT: Question 7 options: 1) talkativeness. 2) grandiosity. 3) increased need for sleep. 4) irritability.

increased need for sleep.

The depressive phase of bipolar disorder is often _____ major depression. Question 8 options: 1) slightly more severe than 2) indistinguishable from 3) considerably more severe than 4) less severe than

indistinguishable from

Adam consistently experienced stress in social situations. He worried that everyone thought he was different and that no one liked him. Adam's therapist taught him to focus on each situation as unique, and instead of focusing on his surroundings and others, to focus on being aware of what he was feeling and to stop his negative thinking before it led him to being anxious. Adam learned which technique for dealing with his stress? Question 4 options: 1) stress management 2) cognitive restructuring 3) systematic desensitization 4) mindfulness meditation

mindfulness meditation

Over the past 9 months, Trisha has become lethargic and has stopped working out at the gym (and as a consequence has gained considerable weight). Previously full of energy and curiosity, she now shows a lack of interest in virtually everything, even sex. It is likely that Trisha is suffering from a _____ disorder. Question 5 options: 1) generalized anxiety 2) personality 3) dissociative 4) mood

mood

Over the past year, Lauren has repeatedly experienced symptoms that she believes indicate a heart attack, sending her to the emergency room complaining of dizziness, inability to catch her breath, and heart palpitations. She tells her parents she is afraid she's going to die, although doctors have found nothing physically wrong. From her symptoms, it is likely that Lauren is experiencing: Question 8 options: 1) dissociative episodes. 2) panic attacks. 3) manic episodes. 4) generalized anxiety disorder.

panic attacks.

Sara, a therapist, tries to understand her clients' experiences and reflect it back to them in a compassionate way. She feels this approach facilitates her clients' natural tendency toward growth. Sara is most likely a(n) _____ therapist. Question 6 options: 1) cognitive behavioral 2) person-centered 3) interpersonal 4) cognitive

person-centered

Psychodynamic psychotherapy has its roots in Freud's theory of: Question 10 options: 1) moral intuition. 2) cognitive development. 3) sexuality. 4) personality.

personality.

A marked, persistent, and excessive fear and avoidance of specific objects, activities, or situations is termed _____ disorder. Question 9 options: 1) posttraumatic stress 2) generalized anxiety 3) phobic 4) panic

phobic

Depression following childbirth is termed _____ depression. Question 3 options: 1) post-pregnancy 2) postpartum 3) post-birthing 4) post-dysthymic

postpartum

In obsessive-compulsive disorder, the obsessive thoughts _____, and the compulsive behaviors _____. Question 2 options: 1) produce anxiety; reduce it 2) trigger panic attacks; prolong them 3) trigger panic attacks; decrease anxiety 4) produce anxiety; further increase it

produce anxiety; reduce it

Anya's depression is beginning to affect her relationships with friends and family, and her grades at school are suffering. Anya's doctor prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor to treat her depression. Anya's doctor probably is a: Question 9 options: 1) counselor. 2) psychiatrist. 3) psychologist. 4) social worker.

psychiatrist.

Barry consults a therapist. The therapist asks him to lie down on a couch while the therapist sits behind him. He is told to talk about anything that comes into his mind or his feelings. Barry is probably seeing which kind of therapist? Question 6 options: 1) CBT 2) psychoanalytic 3) humanistic 4) interpersonal

psychoanalytic

Humanistic and existential therapies grew in opposition to which other theoretical orientation? Question 4 options: 1) psychodynamic 2) the medical model 3) behavioral 4) cognitive

psychodynamic

Therapists who explore childhood to assist clients in developing insight into their psychological problems are using the _____ orientation. Question 10 options: 1) cognitive 2) eclectic 3) psychodynamic 4) humanistic

psychodynamic

An interaction between therapist and client, with the goal of support for the client or relief from the client's psychological problem, is called: Question 8 options: 1) behavior therapy. 2) psychodynamic psychotherapy. 3) psychodynamic therapy. 4) psychotherapy.

psychotherapy.

Possible biological factors in mental disorders include all these EXCEPT: Question 3 options: 1) biochemical imbalances. 2) reaction to stress. 3) genetic influences. 4) brain abnormalities.

reaction to stress.

Individuals with phobic disorders: Question 3 options: 1) tend to have depressed levels of activity in the amygdala. 2) are good at not letting the phobia interfere with their everyday functioning. 3) believe that their fear is adaptive. 4) recognize that their fear is irrational.

recognize that their fear is irrational.

What is the term for a reluctance to cooperate with treatment for fear of confronting unpleasant unconscious material? Question 6 options: 1) displacement 2) resistance 3) regression 4) blocking

resistance

Which mental health professional has the most training in dealing with people in dire life situations such as poverty, homelessness, or family conflict? Question 4 options: 1) counselor 2) psychologist 3) psychiatrist 4) social worker

social worker

Kathryn says she is deathly afraid of spiders. She refuses to go into any location (garage, basement, attic) where she may run into a spider. Her fear of spiders is so great that she is losing sleep for fear a spider will crawl on her while she is asleep. As a result, her grades are beginning to worsen. Kathryn would probably be diagnosed with: Question 6 options: 1) obsessive-compulsive disorder. 2) specific phobia. 3) panic disorder. 4) social phobia.

specific phobia.

Possible psychological factors in mental disorders include all these EXCEPT: Question 10 options: 1) stressful life circumstances. 2) maladaptive coping. 3) dysfunctional attitudes. 4) interpersonal problems.

stressful life circumstances.

A psychoanalyst would be interested in helping clients understand all these EXCEPT their: Question 8 options: 1) early childhood experiences. 2) tendency toward personal growth. 3) innate drives. 4) defense mechanisms.

tendency toward personal growth.

Who is the client in family therapy? Question 9 options: 1) the entire family 2) the family member(s) with a diagnosed psychological disorder 3) the parent(s) 4) the child or children

the entire family

Every time Sophie reads a book, she gets a sticker. When she gets 10 stickers, her parents take her to her favorite restaurant. Sophie's parents are using a(n): Question 3 options: 1) token economy. 2) cognitive behavioral therapy. 3) antecedent manipulation. 4) exposure therapy.

token economy.

During therapy, Marie begins to react to her psychoanalytic therapist as she typically does to her mother. Marie is probably experiencing: Question 8 options: 1) countertransference. 2) resistance. 3) a reaction formation. 4) transference.

transference

Treating a client with _____ involves providing a nonjudgmental, warm, and accepting environment in which the client can feel safe expressing thoughts and feelings. Question 10 options: 1) congruence 2) mindfulness 3) empathy 4) unconditional positive regard

unconditional positive regard