PSYCH CH 15 TEST
Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during the fall and winter months when she gets less direct exposure to sunlight. What kind of depression does Alexis have? A. persistent depressive B. seasonal pattern C. peripartum/postpartum D. bipolar
B
A psychological disorder is a _______. A. medical condition that has identifiable neurological causes. B. condition characterized by normal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors C. condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors D. set of situational, idiosyncratic, or unconventional inner feelings
C
Which of the following is a set of symptoms or behaviors that you might see in a person diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder? A. overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance B. instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood C. lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds D. pervasive need for perfectionism that interferes with the ability to complete tasks
C
At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) ______ disorder. A. obsessive-compulsive B. impulse control C. dissociative D. psychotic
D
Those symptoms that involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives in those afflicted with schizophrenia are called ________ symptoms. A. negative B. absentee C. invisible D. positive
A
What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common? A. conviction that the patient herself is the cause of many people's troubles B. generalized anxiety and specific phobias C. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts D. obsession with the suffering of others
C
Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders? A. rapidly fluctuating mood B. feeling sad and hopeless over a long period of time C. becoming split off, or separated, from one's core sense of self D. memory loss
C
The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the ________ perspective. A. psychodynamic B. gestalt C. diathesis-stress D. biological
D
Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from _______ personality disorder A. borderline B. schizotypal C. narcissistic D. histrionic
C
Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder. A. posttraumatic stress B. panic C. schizotypal personality D. bipolar
A
Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing dissociative _______. A. fugue B. identity disorder C. psychosis D. depersonalization
A
If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________. A. often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania B. experiences flashbacks interspersed with depression C. once started a day euphoric and ended the day tired D. never thinks about the risk that a major depressive episode will follow a manic episode
A
Mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as avoiding eye contact or rehearsing sentences before speaking are called ________. A. safety behaviors B. obsessions C. cognitive restructures D. ruminations
A
Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn't like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling "lost in a crowd," and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________. A. agoraphobia B. acrophobia C. ophidiophobia D. arachnophobia
A
What is comorbidity? A. co-occurrence of two disorders B. mental disorder leading to death C. having two causes of death D. having two causes for a single disorder
A
Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in the development of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder? A. orbitofrontal cortex B. prefrontal cortex C. anterior cortex D. cingulate cortex
A
Which of the following is a risk factor for suicide? A. being a fan of violent media (music, TV, movies, etc) B. alcohol dependence C. have access to lethal weapons, such as firearms D. history of previous suicide attempts
A
Autism spectrum disorder is marked by all but which of the following categories of symptoms? A. deficits in communication B. severe depressive symptoms C. deficits in social interactions D. repetitive patterns of behavior or interests
B
Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________? A. asymptomatic B. episodic C. reoccurring every few months D. limited in duration to a few weeks
B
Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails. What kind of delusion is this? A. disorganized B. somatic C. paranoid D. grandiose
B
People with _______ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts A. phobic B. obsessive-compulsive C. stress-related D. personality
B
The __________ perspective of psychological disorders attributed symptoms of such ailments to forces that were beyond scientific understanding, such as black magic, or evil spirits. A. diathesis-stress B. supernatural C. neurological D. biological
B
Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________. A. psychotic B. dissociative C. manic D. body dysmorphic
C
Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality? A. schizoid personality disorder B. histrionic personality disorder C. obsessive-compulsive personality disorder D. narcissistic personality disorder
C
Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality? A. obsessive-compulsive disorder B. dependent personality disorder C. avoidant personality disorder D. schizotypal personality disorder
C
Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ___________. A. in which an individual experiences mania, characterized by extremely cheerful and euphoric mood, excessive talkativeness, irritability, increased activity levels, and other symptoms B. in which an individual has a tendency to repetitively and passively dwell on one's depressed symptoms, their meanings, and their consequences C. that applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy. D. characterized by mood states that vacillate between depression and mania
C
Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality? A. schizotypal personality disorder B. antisocial personality disorder C. borderline personality disorder D. avoidant personality disorder
C
Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory? A. Rochelle is in an earthquake and many of her friends die, so she becomes depressed. B. Rochelle is depressed, so she thinks terrible things will happen. C. Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about itâ "this leads her to become depressed. D. Rochelle stops taking her medication because she does not think medication will help her depression.
C
Which pair of neurotransmitters has received the most attention as a potential explanation for the symptoms of schizophrenia? A. norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid B. gamma-aminobutyric acid and oxytocin C. dopamine and serotonin D. serotonin and norepinephrine
C
According to the textbook, which of these events would have the highest likelihood of causing posttraumatic stress disorder? A. surviving a hurricane that destroyed a city B. a fire to one's home that left no remains C. reading about the death of dozens of people in a terrible airplane crash. D. being assaulted and robbed of your cash and credit cards
D
Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries that her daughter will experience depression too. Why? A. People who grow up with a depressed parent usually become depressed themselves. B. Mood disorders are more likely to occur in younger people. C. Apollonia also suffers from social anxiety disorder D. Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.
D
Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________. A. autism spectrum disorder B. intellectual disability C. schizoid personality disorder D. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
D
Researchers have found that approximately ______ percent of those with dissociative identity disorder were physically and/or sexually abused in childhood, leading to the conclusion that trauma can be a cause of this disorder. A. 80 B. 65 C. 99 D. 95
D
What is meant by the term etiology? A. the different symptoms of a given condition B. frequency with which a given illness occurs C. likely future path of an illness D. the cause of a disorder
D
Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America? A. Determinants of Social Mental Disorders B. Determining Statistical Manifestation of Disorders C. International Classification of Diseases D. Diagnostic and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders
D
Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder? A. Gemma is quick to anger and is incapable of dealing with a situation in which she is not the center of attention. B. Gemma is very impulsive - as soon as an idea enters her head she acts upon it. C. Gemma is submissive and physically clings to the people around her. D. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.
D
Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model? A. Ozzie treats his manic episodes by using medication to induce depression. B. Ozzie's doctor does not believe that mental illness has a biological basis. C. Ozzie treats his depression by exposing himself to a series of stressors so he can learn coping skills. D. Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.
D
Which of the following is the best example of a compulsion? A. Luke is wearing a bandage for longer than needed to make sure his cut is fully healed. B. Jean wears both sunglasses and a hat to keep the sun out of her eyes. C. Will cannot stop thinking about the exam that he has in chemistry tomorrow. D. Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.
D
______ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry that is accompanied by disturbances in behaviors. A. dissociative B. personality C. affective D. anxiety
D